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The Siemens gas turbine SGT-800 is the largest industrial gas turbine produced by Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery (SIT) offering a dry low emission (DLE) capability below 15 ppm NOx. It has a very high reliability using an annular combustor system with passive damping and 30 DLE burners. To obtain a greater understanding of the mixing process and the flame dynamics and in order to further reduce
Increasing noise regulations at urban airports force jet engine manufactures to develop and build more quiet engines. Over recent years, a significant reduction in fan and mechanical noise has been achieved. However, the jet exhaust is the principal source of noise. The acoustical field that is generated by a turboengine jet exhaust running near the ground level is considered. The full equations o
Modeling and understanding the vortex breakdown is a key issue of modern Lean Premixed Combustors. The main difficulty of the problem is the unsteady behavior of this type of flow: Large structures resulting from vortex breakdown and the swirling shear-layers, affect directly the flame stabilization leading to heat-release fluctuations and combustion instabilities. Consequently, one needs to captu
For environmental and human health reasons, the regulations on the emissions from combustion devices are getting more and more strict. In particular, it is important to abate the emission of pollutants deriving from combustion in gas turbines. A solution is the use of swirl stabilized, lean premixed combustion. Besides the beneficial effects, there are still some issues related to instabilities an
Over the last few years, there has been a proliferation of different kinds of movements across the globe as citizens agitate for economic, socio-political and environmental change. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where the country has been involved in a series of wars, attention has rather been eschewed towards the rape and sexual violence of women and girls. Using post-colonialism and
While the eddy covariance (EC) technique is a well-established method for measuring water fluxes (i.e., evaporation or 'evapotranspiration’, ET), the measurement is susceptible to many uncertainties. One such issue is the potential underestimation of ET when relative humidity (RH) is high (>70%), due to low-pass filtering with some EC systems. Yet, this underestimation for different types of EC sy
