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This thesis explores the effects of institutional arrangements for innovation in clusters. Clusters have become one of the most popular concepts in innovation policy studies in recent years. They have been ascribed as places with structures that reduce transaction costs, and enable innovation processes due to the prevalence of different types of externalities. The focus of this dissertation is on
A search for heavy neutral Higgs bosons and Z′ bosons is performed using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 from proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC during 2015 and 2016. The heavy resonance is assumed to decay to τ+τ− with at least one tau lepton decaying to final states with hadrons and a neutrino. The search is perform
A search for pair production of vector-like quarks, both up-type (T) and down-type (B), as well as for four-top-quark production, is presented. The search is based on pp collisions at TeV recorded in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb(-1). Data are analysed in the lepton-plus-jets final state, characterised by an
Despite controversies, flu vaccine programs targeted to the older people are highly recommended and represent a common public health policy in industrialized Countries. Although demographic aging will increase the share of population at higher risk of influenza, today economic recession is putting public budgets under pressure. Underfunding of prevention is becoming a larger problem, as prevention
BACKGROUND: Comparable data on the global and country-specific burden of neurological disorders and their trends are crucial for health-care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study provides such information but does not routinely aggregate results that are of interest to clinicians specialising in neurological conditions. In this syst
It is frustrating for every reasonable human being to observe scenes of exploitation around the world in respect of children, because of their either naivety or vulnerability. It is unacceptable that still in the 21st century, children do not benefit from the protection, attention and love they deserve. An estimated 300 million children worldwide are subject to violence, exploitation and abuse inc
Beskattning av pokervinster har inte minst under 2011 varit ett ämne för många diskussioner i media. Vissa anser att det krävs stora inslag av skicklighet för att vara duktig på poker och att det inte borde anses vara ett lotteri. Denna skicklighetsaspekt var fall för prövning i HD under 2011 i den s.k. Grebbestadsdomen. Vissa ansåg att domen skulle direkt avgöra om pokervinster skulle komma att bTaxation on poker winnings have not the least in 2011 been a topic of discussion in the media. Some believe that it requires significant element of skill to be good at poker and that it should not be considered a lottery. This skill aspect was tried in the Supreme Court in 2011 in the so-called Grebbestad verdict. Some felt that the appeal would directly determine whether poker profits would be ta
A search is presented for production of a heavy up-type quark (t') together with its antiparticle, assuming subsequent decay to a W boson and a b quark, t'(t) over bar' -> W(+)bW(-)(b) over bar. The search is based on 1.04 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Data are analyzed in the lepton + jets final state, chara
This thesis analyzes climate change from an international law perspective and seeks to demonstrate how the provisions pertaining to the protection and preservation of the marine environment embodied in the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention (“UNCLOS”), coupled with those relating to the compulsory settlement of disputes, can be of use in tackling the climate crisis. We begin by presenting th
Questions: Earth observation is an important tool in biological monitoring. Previous studies have shown that variation in grassland canopy reflectance can explain gradients in plant community composition. However, there is a need for methods that allow the interpretation of the overall spectral signal of complex grassland vegetation in terms of existing knowledge about individual species' habitat
Background Previous population-based studies suggest an increased risk of suicide in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but findings have been inconsistent and often limited by residual confounding. We examined the association between incident PD and suicide-related outcomes using extensive confounding control, including both suicidal attempts and suicide.Methods We conducted a nationwide matched cohort st
Background Long-term outcome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation including late transplant-related events is of increasing interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of cardiovascular events after allogeneic HSCT and to search for their risk factors. Design and Methods This is a retrospective mutlicenter European Group of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) analysi
Vaccines are essential public health tools with a favorable safety profile and prophylactic effectiveness that have historically played significant roles in reducing infectious disease burden in populations, when the majority of individuals are vaccinated. The COVID-19 vaccines are expected to have similar positive impacts on health across the globe. While serious allergic reactions to vaccines ar
In Part I, an electrification scheme was described and a simulation of an observed cold-based storm from the U.S. Great Plains was validated with electrical observations. Most charge in the storm was separated by rebounding collisions of secondary ice originating from prior graupel-snow collisions. In this Part II, sensitivity tests are performed with the control simulation (Part I) and influences
