Filtyp
The paper considers a problem of routing, protection and load balancing in the IP/MPLS network. A network design problem combining all these aspects is presented. Proportionally fair distribution of residual bandwidths on links is used for load balancing, and protection is achieved with failure-dependent backup paths. The efficiency of the proposed approach is tested by combining optimization and
This paper presents the development of a system dynamic model to simulate and analyze desertification. The human-environment coupled model integrates socio-economic drivers with bio-physical drivers of biomass production, land degradation and desertification. It is based on the UN and GEF definitions of desertification. It illustrates the concept of desertification through differential equation an
We present exact algorithms with exponential running times for variants of n-element set cover problems, based on divide-and-conquer and on inclusion-exclusion characterisations. We show that the Exact Satisfiability problem of size 1 with m clauses can be solved in time 2(m)l(O(1)) and polynomial space. The same bounds hold for counting the number of solutions. As a special case, we can count the
As the chemical environment of semen diluents can have a profound effect on sperm quality, we examined the effect of temperature and pH on the motility and viability of sperm in the ostrich. Semen was collected from four males, each male being replicated three times. Ejaculates were diluted and incubated for 10 min at 20 degrees C and 40 degrees C in four different buffers, temperature adjusted at
Everett C. Hughes's classic concept of a "going concern" should stand for both entire institutions and for chains of activities within institutions. In this article the author explores this expanded version of Hughes's concept to show how staff and residents in a youth care setting interweave everyday concerns-meals, lessons, breaks, meetings, or other mundane but concerted projects-with interpers
Popular Abstract in Swedish Det talas mycket om rättvis fred i den allmänna debatten men det är ett ämne som är lite utforskat av akademiker. Det vetenskapliga pusslet som ligger till grund för denna avhandling är att undersöka vad en rättvis fred är, dels konceptuellt i fredsbyggande mer generellt, och empiriskt i förhållande till EU och den israelisk-palestinska konflikten. EU har använt termeJust peace has been much talked about in everyday life, but it is less well researched by academics. The puzzle underlying this dissertation is therefore to probe what constitutes a just peace, both conceptually within the field of peacebuilding and empirically in the context of the EU as a peacebuilder in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The EU has used the term just peace in many of its most
Combination therapies with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and either long-acting ß2 agonists (LABA) or leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA) are commonly used to help patients maintain control of their asthma. LABA and LTRA have different mechanisms of action and both provide complementary benefits when combined with ICS. This paper compares the two regimens based on recent clinical trial data, e
The move towards fire performance-based design in building and transport regulations has led to an increased use of fire models. This increased use of these models and the evolution of different regulations have put higher demands on the predictive capability of fire models. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of different activities relating to the validation and verification of comp
Purpose - One current trend in burner technology is to obtain high efficiency while keeping low levels of NOx emissions. A swirling flow in combustion ensures a fixed position of a compact flame. Therefore, it is necessary to design efficient swirlers. Flow patterns are simulated for the different swirl devices proposed in this work. Two axial-swirlers are studied: one based on curve-vanes consist
Protein adsorption is a complex process that it controlled by several different mechanisms, for example: (i) electrostatic interactions between the protein and the surface, and (ii) between adsorbed proteins; (iii) dispersion interactions; (iv) hydration effects; and (v) structural rearrangements of the protein to balance conformational chain entropy with energetics. The aim of this study was to d
OBJECTIVE: To compare robot-assisted laparoscopy and laparotomy for radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in terms of hospital costs. METHODS: Consecutive women undergoing radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy as a sole procedure between January 2001 and February 2012 were included. We compared OR times, hospital stay, procedure specific costs, blood transfusions and cost for r
Slepian models are derived for a stochastic process observed at level crossings of a moving average driven by a gaussian or Laplace noise. In particular, a Slepian model for the noise – the Slepian noise – is developed. For Laplace moving average process a method of sampling from the Slepian noise is also obtained by a Gibbs sampler. This facilitates comparison of behavior at crossing of a level b
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is the main risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), but its specific effect in infancy is unknown. We examined whether season of birth, a proxy for solar UVR exposure in the first few months of life, is associated with CMM in childhood through young adulthood.
Background: Activity performance is marked by the degenerative nature of Parkinson's disease (PD), but few qualitative studies have focused on how people with PD perceive participation in life situations. Objective: To identify and describe barriers and facilitators for participation from the perspective of people with PD. Methods: Qualitative data was obtained by the focus group method using a se
Increased recirculation of process water has given rise to problems with formation of calcium oxalate incrusts (scaling) in the pulp and paper industry and in forest biorefineries. The potential in using oxalate decarboxylase from Aspergillus niger for oxalic acid removal in industrial bleaching plant filtrates containing oxalic acid was examined and compared with barley oxalate oxidase. Ten diffe
Recent research in the field of on-line handwriting recognition has been focused on statistical systems such as Hidden Markov Models, Neural Networks or a combination of these. There are however merits of employing an approach based on template matching. The first part of this thesis presents a new strategy for parameterization of on-line handwritten character samples. A novel efficient template m
Tourism is today the biggest industry in the world, and tour operators are a central link in the tourism supply chain. As a consequence of their key position, tour operators have the potential to influence both the primary producers of tourist services and the tourists. Increased awareness of the media and general public will create pressures on the tour operators - first to work towards incorpora
The aim of the overview is to give a perspective of global biobank development is given in a view of positioning biobanking as a key resource for healthcare to identify new potential markers that can be used in patient diagnosis and complement the targeted personalized drug treatment. The fast progression of biobanks around the world is becoming an important resource for society where the patient
