Filtyp
Over the past three decades, a range of attempts have been made to raise the importance of science, technology and innovation on the policy agenda in Africa. This article explores four themes along which growth paths and patterns may be realized, namely regional and global integration, inclusive innovation, priorities and approaches to diversify African economies, and the role of the state. The ou
The automatic detection and classification of stance (e.g., certainty or agreement) in text data using natural language processing and machine learning methods create an opportunity to gain insight into the speakers' attitudes towards their own and other people's utterances. However, identifying stance in text presents many challenges related to training data collection and classifier training. In
This paper reviews biokinetic data for ionic indium, and proposes a biokinetic model for systemic indium in adult humans. The development of parameter values focuses on human data and indium in the form of ionic indium(III), as indium chloride and indium arsenide. The model presented for systemic indium is defined by five different pools: plasma, bone marrow, liver, kidneys and other soft tissues.
Soil disturbance from stump extraction and site preparation will initially lead to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from the soil. This is one result achieved from a series of new experiments established throughout Sweden and is contrasting to what was previously assumed. After one year however, this initial reduction had disappeared and emissions were around the same level for bothdisturbe
OBJECTIVE - Ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) is an emerging, heterogeneous syndrome. A sound classification scheme for KPD is essential to guide clinical practice and pathophysiologic studies. Four schemes have been used and are based on immunologic criteria, immunologic criteria and insulin requirement, BMI, and immunologic criteria and β-cell function (Aβ classification). The aim of the present stud
HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are two widespread and highly successful microbes whose synergy in pathogenesis has created a significant threat for human health globally. In acknowledgement of this fact, the European Union (EU) has funded a multinational support action, the European Network for global cooperation in the field of AIDS and TB (EUCO-Net), that brings together experts from E
It has long been known that humans use the focus of expansion (FOE) in a radial optic flow pattern to perceive their instantaneous direction of self-motion (heading). Here we report that motion-streak-like form information is also used for heading perception. We presented observers with an integrated form and motion display in which the dot pairs of a radial Glass patterns were oriented toward one
This paper proposes a simple framework to model social preferences in a way that explicitly separates economic incentives from social (context) effects and allows for uncertainty also about the latter. Moreover, it allows non-economic cost associated with the deviation from some norm to be more discriminatory than just “right” or “wrong.” We refer to existing evidence on dictator game giving to de
Wetlands are one of the most significant natural sources of methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. They emit CH4 because decomposition of soil organic matter in waterlogged anoxic conditions produces CH4, in addition to carbon dioxide (CO2). Production of CH4 and how much of it escapes to the atmosphere depend on a multitude of environmental drivers. Models simulating the processes leading to CH4 emissi
Spectator violence is an issue that affects many football matches in Sweden and other countries. Different models have tried to explain why individuals participate in sports fandom and associated behaviors. However, often these models ignore social and individual factors that may impact if and why individuals participate in spectator violence. Outgroup violence can be motivated by pro-social conce
We present an efficient algorithm for recent generalizations of optimal mass transport theory to matrix-valued and vector-valued densities. These generalizations lead to several applications including diffusion tensor imaging, color image processing, and multi-modality imaging. The algorithm is based on sequential quadratic programming. By approximating the Hessian of the cost and solving each ite
To remain competitive in the field of manufacturing today, companies must make their industrial robots smarter and allow them to collaborate with one another in a more effective manner. This is typically done by adding some form of learning, or artificial intelligence (AI), to the robots. These learning algorithms are often packaged as cloud functions in a remote computational center since the a
We introduce an adaptive algorithm for sampling multivariate diffusion bridges that performs well for both diffusion and drift dominated models.The algorithm combines the residual bridge sampler with adaptive MCMC, allowing the algorithm to make online improvements upon the ordinary residual bridge algorithm.The simulation study show that the proposed bridge sampler is performing at least as good
The transition within business from a linear to a circular economy brings with it a range of practical challenges for companies. The following question is addressed: What are the product design and business model strategies for companies that want to move to a circular economy model? This paper develops a framework of strategies to guide designers and business strategists in the move from a linear
Modern wind turbines are designed to withstand approximately for a lifetime of 20 years [1]. However, a very long design life of 100 years or more can be expected for high-quality concrete foundations. Thus there is a big difference in lifetime between wind turbines and foundations. There is a significant economic benefit of replacing the out-of-date wind turbine with a new turbine of better power
