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Despite the widespread dissemination of clinical practice guidelines on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD causes one third of deaths worldwide and almost half of all deaths in the developed world. It is therefore likely that, although some aspects of CVD management have improved, there is still a significant shortfall between what is known about CVD prevention and w
This thesis describes six empirical investigations of two techniques applied to software inspections, namely reading techniques and fault content estimation techniques. The first part of the thesis presents a series of experiments of a novel reading technique called usage-based reading. The second part investigates fault content estimation applied to the software inspection process. The estimation
Barley is an abundant crop in Europe, which makes its straw residues an interesting cellulose source for ethanol production. Steam pretreatment of the straw followed by enzymatic hydrolysis converts the cellulose to fermentable sugars. Prior to pretreatment the material is impregnated with a catalyst, for example, H2SO4, to enhance enzymatic digestibility of the pretreated straw. Different impregn
A β-mannosidase was purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of Aspergillus niger. A specific activity of 500 nkat mg−1 and a 53-fold purification was achieved using ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. The isolated enzyme has an isoelectric point of 5.0 and appears to be a dimer composed of two 135-kDa subunits. It is a glycoprotein and conta
PURPOSE: The design concept and the dosimetric characteristics of an applicator system for intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) with special emphasis on alignment methods, the effect of a plastic scatterer in the beam, radiation leakage, and misalignment dosimetry, are presented in this paper. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A soft-docking system for a linear accelerator, which enables collimation of el
Background: Collagenous colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease accompanied mainly by nonbloody diarrhea. The objectives of treatment are to alleviate the symptoms and minimize the deleterious effects on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). There is still no generally accepted clinical definition of remission or relapse. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of bowel sympt
Lumican and fibromodulin compete for collagen type I binding in vitro and fibromodulin-deficient mice have four-fold more lumican in tendons. These observations indicate that homologous sequences in lumican and fibromodulin bind to collagen type I. Here, we demonstrate that lumican binding to collagen type I is mediated mainly by Asp-213 in LRR 7. The mutation D213N in lumican impairs interaction
This study investigates utilization of the Internet in the rehabilitation of people on long-term sick leave with chronic pain and/or burnout. Fifty-five people were randomly assigned to two groups: a treatment group (n = 27) that participated in a rehabilitation course over the Internet and a waiting list group (n = 28). The goals were to improve participants' health and increase quality of life,
The major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) form a large protein family of ancient origin and are found in bacteria, fungi, animals, and plants. MIPs act as channels in membranes to facilitate passive transport across the membrane. Some MIPs allow small polar molecules like glycerol or urea to pass through the membrane. However, the majority of MIPs are thought to be aquaporins (AQPs), i.e., they are spec
A method of growing high-quality epitaxial Ge layers on a Si(100) substrate is reported. In this method, a 0.8 mum Si0.1Ge0.9 layer was first grown. Due to the large lattice mismatch between this layer and the Si substrate, many dislocations form near the interface and in the lower part of the Si0.1Ge0.9 layer. A 0.8 mum Si0.05Ge0.95 layer and a 1.0 mum top Ge layer were subsequently grown on the
Paramagnetic versions of the CLEAR supports were prepared by entrapment of magnetite particles during suspension polymerization of allylamine, trimethylolpropane ethoxylate (14/3 EO/OH) triacrylate, and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate. Swelling studies in a broad range of solvents showed comparable swelling of magnetic beads and regular CLEAR beads. The application of the magnetic beads as the
This study was aimed at increasing our understanding of environmental and parental factors influencing mode choice for children's journeys to organized leisure activities. Three hundred and fifty-seven Swedish parents of 8-11-year-old children completed a questionnaire and kept a travel diary. The design of urban environment, in which the families lived, was assessed by a group of five experts. By
A spin-echo-modulated small-angle neutron scattering (SEMSANS) instrument in a time-of-flight (TOF) mode will be able to excel at pulsed neutron sources such as the European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction. This work compares experimental data from a TOF SEMSANS setup, where a spatial beam modulation of a white beam is obtained using triangular field coils, with Monte Carlo r
Soils in boreal forests contain large stocks of carbon. Plants are the main source of this carbon through tissue residues and root exudates. A major part of the exudates are allocated to symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi. In return, the plant receives nutrients, in particular nitrogen from the mycorrhizal fungi. To capture the nitrogen, the fungi must at least partly disrupt the recalcitrant organic
The generation and development of effective adsorption materials for arsenic removal are urgently needed due to acute arsenic contamination of water sources in many regions around the world. In the search for these new adsorbents, the application of nanomaterials or nanocomposites, and especially the use of nanoparticles (NPs), has proven increasingly attractive. While the adsorptive performance o
This study presents a novel approach for indirect integration of InAs nanowires on 2('') Si substrates. We have investigated and developed epitaxial growth of InAs nanowires on 2('') Si substrates via the introduction of a thin yet high-quality InAs epitaxial layer grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. We demonstrate well-aligned nanowire growth including precise position and diameter control
Background: Free and total human kallikrein 2 (hK2) might improve the discrimination between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Concentrations of hK2 are 100-fold lower than concentrations of prostate-specific antigen (PSA); therefore, an hK2 assay must have a low detection limit and good specificity. Methods: PSA- and hK2-specific monoclonal antibodies were used in solid-phase, two
