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Extrapair fertilizations (EPFs) have been found in most socially monogamous passerine species. EPFs are generally beneficial for males because they increase the number of sired offspring. The benefit accrued by females, however, is less obvious. Maternal benefits may involve fertility insurance, increased genetic variability of the offspring, and improved offspring quality via compatible genes or
The cdk-inhibitor p16 is a tumor suppressor gene that is inactivated in many forms of cancer. Despite numerous studies, the exact mechanism of regulation of p16 has not been clarified, although the status of retinoblastoma (Rb) seems to be one important factor that influences the p16 expression. The specificity and validity of cytoplasmic localization of p16 observed in some tumors has further bee
Ensuring fatherhood is an important issue in polygamous species. In many lepidopteran species, the male inserts a large package (spermatophore) consisting of sperm, accessory gland fluids and nutrients into the female's bursa copulatrix during copulation. In most species it has been shown that a large mate donation causes females either to stop calling, or to prolong the time until re-mating, here
Background Combined oral contraceptives are classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a cause of cervical cancer. As the incidence of cervical cancer increases with age, the public-health implications of this association depend largely on the persistence of effects long after use of oral contraceptives has ceased. Information from 24 studies worldwide is pooled here to inves
Endoglucanases (endo-1,4---glucan-4-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.4) are industrially important enzymes. In this study endoglucanase I (EGI or Cel7B) of the filamentous fungi Trichoderma reesei has been genetically engineered to investigate the influence of tryptophan rich peptide extensions (tags) on partitioning in an aqueous two-phase model system. EGI is a two-domain enzyme and is composed of a N
In this paper, cultural transmission between Slavs and Scandinavians from ca 900 to 1250 is discussed. Cultural identity and identity negotiation through style are topics often studied in higher social strata of societies. Emblemic style is maintained and displayed in jewellery or other eye-catching parts of the material culture to distinguish oneself in relation to others. However, the constructi
A society’s ability to anticipate disaster is a fundamental part of its resilience. The purpose of this paper is to investigate potential gaps between theory, policy and practice concerning functions for risk assessment in the governmental systems of southern African development countries, particularly Botswana and Tanzania. It applies comparative case studies with data collected in focus groups a
Popular Abstract in Swedish Utvecklingen av säkrare och mer miljövänliga processer är en av de största utmaningarna som den kemiska industrin står inför. I det här sammanhanget är katalys i tvåfassystem, bestående av vatten och organiska lösningsmedel, av största intresse eftersom den möjliggör en enkel återvinning av katalysatorn samtidigt som den minskar skadliga utsläpp och kostnader för återviThe steric and electronic properties of eight water-soluble phosphines (1-8) were investigated by different methods. Phosphines 1-6 were tested as ligands in palladium catalysed hydroxycarbonylation of styrene. In line with the proposal that a ligand with low basicity should facilitate nucleophilic attack of water on the acyl complex, the electron rich {4 - [Bis(2 - diethylaminoethyl)] - aminobenz
This chapter addresses the question of the growth of accuracy and complexity in L2 French from the perspective of developmental sequences of morphosyntax, developmental stages and linguistic profiling. We examine the systematic growth of morphosyntactic features expressed by the learner during the acquisition process (sequences). Furthermore, we investigate the relatedness of different development
An in-house written software package was used to generate templates of QRS complexes and T waves using self-similarity techniques, and leave a residual signal representing only atrial activity. The templating performance differences between individual ECG leads were tested. The mean number of templates in each of the 3 ECG leads was 8±4, 2±1, 7±5 for the QRS complexes, and 11±5, 11±8, 10±5 for the
In this thesis, I have studied continuously managed semi-natural meadows in south-central Sweden. The purpose was 1) to make a survey of meadow vegetation in the region 2) to compare two investigations of the vegetation, one from 1963-1966 and one from 1990 3) to investigate experimentally in the field how increased nitrogen supply rate as well as changed management intensity effects the nitrogen
This text deals with the interlacing of fashion and conservation of style as multiple forces in Modernity.
We extend the Tasche (2007) model on the asset correlation bias caused by a currency mismatch between assets and liabilities to the more realistic situation where some assets, and some, but not necessarily all, liabilities, are denominated in a foreign currency. To test the significance of the remaining bias we rely on a unique data base constructed by The Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) co
Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant and a synchronizer of many physiological processes. Alteration of the melatonin pathway has been reported in circadian disorders, diabetes and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, very little is known about the genetic variability of melatonin receptors in humans. Here, we sequenced the melatonin receptor MTNR1A and MTNR1B, genes coding for MT1 and MT2 rece
This thesis examines the links developing between the universities and their regions in the globalising knowledge economy as observed in the UK. It examines institutional responses to two realms of policies, namely, higher education policy and regional development policy. The diversifying missions of universities, especially, the ‘third stream activities’ promoted by the UK government since the la
Encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and non-encapsulated H. influenzae (NTHi) are important pathogens causing invasive and mucosal infections in children. A 42 kDa surface-exposed lipoprotein, protein D, has been found to be a potential virulence factor of NTHi. The gene encoding protein D (hpd) is homologous to the glpQ gene encoding glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase in Escheri
Background: Ethanolic fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass is a sustainable option for the production of bioethanol. This process would greatly benefit from recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains also able to ferment, besides the hexose sugar fraction, the pentose sugars, arabinose and xylose. Different pathways can be introduced in S. cerevisiae to provide arabinose and xylose utilisatio
As the Nordic welfare states evolve – with ideologies that focus on an increased consumption of health services – citizens are required to be productive throughout their life course. And because fewer economic resources are being invested into basic health care, and there is a move to shift more responsibility onto the individual (patient), it is becoming essential to illuminate practices that sho
This article is a qualitative analysis of mass-mediated projections of relationships between public relations practitioners in the shape of activist groups and organizations, and subaltern stakeholders for whom they act as public representatives. Drawing my empirical examples from Japan and Taiwan and analysing the public relations implications of two politically sensitive and controversial cases,
