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Objective. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to be an important cause of morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs in the western world. Although smoking is an important trigger of COPD, other factors such as chronic inflammation and malnutrition are known to influence its development. Because coeliac disease (CD) is characterized both by dysregulated inflammation and malnutri
Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods have demonstrated a strong potential for inference on the state variables in Bayesian dynamic models. In this context, it is also often needed to calibrate model parameters. To do so, we consider block maximum likelihood estimation based either on EM (Expectation-Maximization) or gradient methods. In this approach, the key ingredient is the computation of smoot
Abstract. Wigren M, Kolbus D, Dunér P, Ljungcrantz I, Söderberg I, Björkbacka H, Fredrikson GN, Nilsson J. (Malmö University Hospital, Lund University; Malmö University, Malmo; Sweden) Evidence for a role of regulatory T cells in mediating the atheroprotective effect of apolipoprotein B peptide vaccine. J Intern Med 2010; doi: 10.1111/j.13 65-2796.2010.02311.x. Objectives. Autoimmune responses aga
Abstract OBJECTIVE: Anaemia is a common complication of renal failure. It can be treated with erythropoietin (EPO) administration, red blood cell transfusion (RBCT), or a combination of both. EPO has been registered for the treatment of renal anaemia in Sweden since the beginning of the 1990s, and is the primary treatment regimen for anaemia related to renal failure. The objective of this study wa
Background and purpose: Statin treatment may ameliorate viral infection-induced exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which exhibit Th2-type bronchial inflammation. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a hub cytokine switching on Th2-inflammation, is overproduced in viral and dsRNA-stimulated bronchial epithelial cells from COPD donors. Hence, TSLP may be causally involve
Respiratory symptoms among hairdressers are often ascribed to the use of bleaching powders that contain persulfate salts. Such salts can act as allergens and airway irritants but the mechanisms behind the negative health effects are not fully known. In order to understand why some hairdressers experience respiratory symptoms during, and after, sessions of hair bleaching, it is of importance to cha
Abstract Objective. To demonstrate how patients' probability of having chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3-5 (measured GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) can be predicted from a specific value of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Material and methods. The probability of CKD stage 3-5 was predicted from a logistic regression model (n = 850) using three different eGFR prediction equations: Lund-M
Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate, using Rasch model analysis, the measurement invariance of the item ratings of the Individualised Care Scale. Background. Evidence of reliability is needed in cross-cultural comparative studies. To be used in different cultures and languages, the items must function the same way. Design: A methodological and comparative design. Meth
Background: Computed tomography (CT) of the brain is performed with high local doses due to high demands on low contrast resolution. Advanced algorithms for noise reduction might be able to preserve critical image information when reducing radiation dose.PurposeTo evaluate the effect of advanced noise filtering on image quality in brain CT acquired with reduced radiation dose. Material and Method
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important cause for neonatal liver disease. Disruption of genes encoding oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) components usually causes embryonic lethality, and thus few disease models are available. We developed a mouse model for GRACILE syndrome, a neonatal mitochondrial disease with liver and kidney involvement, caused by a homozygous BCS1L mutation (232A>G). This
Objective: To evaluate the causal effect of genetically predicted serum urate (SU) levels on the risk of overall and major site-specific cancers in individuals of European ancestry, using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Method: Data from two population-based cohorts from southern Sweden, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) and Malmö Preventive Project (MPP), and summary-statistics data f
We investigated integrative physiological responses to eupnoeic exercise (EX), rebreathing exercise (RB), dynamic apnoea (DA) and dynamic apnoea with cold-water face immersion (DAFI) in 20 healthy participants. Trials involved non-steady-state cycle exercise at 60 W for an average duration of 66 s. With increases in heart rate and stroke volume, EX and RB increased cardiac output compared with bas
Observational studies suggest that direct contact from healthcare to at-risk relatives may increase genetic counselling (GC) uptake as compared to family-mediated risk disclosure, but randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are lacking. This study assessed whether the offer of direct letters to relatives at risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) or Lynch syndrome increases GC uptake compa
Aims: To examine the separate associations of glycemic control and chronic kidney disease with hospitalization days over one year in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study using retrospective data on T2D patients in Region Halland, Sweden, during 2020. Data from the Region Halland database included hospitalizations, emergency visits, primary care encoun
Background There is a lack of contemporary data describing patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction post myocardial infarction (MI) in terms of symptom burden and secondary prevention measures. The aim of this study was to describe patients with various degrees of LV systolic dysfunction after a first MI, their symptom burden, quality of life and adherence to recommended secondary
Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunocytochemical (ICC) analysis of cell blocks (CBs) has recently emerged in clinical practice. Unlike standardized immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, cytology involves various preparation methods and fixatives. This study investigated how various fixatives influence PD-L1 immunoreactivity in CBs from malignant pleural
A search is conducted for a new scalar boson S, with a mass distinct from that of the Higgs boson, decaying promptly into four leptons (ℓ=e, μ) via an intermediate state containing two on-shell, promptly decaying new spin-1 bosons Zd: S→ZdZd→4ℓ, where the Zd boson has a mass between 15 and 300 GeV, and the S boson has a mass between either 30 and 115 GeV or 130 and 800 GeV. The search uses proton–
Background: We aimed to assess the risk of serious infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exposed to different advanced therapies. Methods: We linked nationwide registers and compared rates of incident serious infections in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) exposed to medical therapies versus matched general population comparators during 2007-2023
