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The veil of ignorance approach is tested as a basis for empirically determining the shape of the social welfare function for income. An experiment is carried out where the participants choose between different societies that differ with respect to per capita income and the distribution of income. The answers are analysed using logistic regression analysis. According to the results the respondents
Background: Research suggests that humans have the tendency to increase the valence of events when these are imagined to happen in the future, but to decrease the valence when the same events are imagined to happen in the past. This line of research, however, has mostly been conducted by asking participants to value imagined, yet probable, events. Our aim was to re-examine this time-valence asymme
Purpose: Biomedical data governance strategies should ensure that data are collected, stored, and used ethically and lawfully. However, research participants’ preferences for how data should be governed is least studied. The Diabetes Research on Patient Stratification (DIRECT) project collected substantial amounts of health and genetic information from patients at risk of, and with type II diabete
Statistical information such as death risk estimates is frequently used for illustrating the magnitude of a problem. Such mortality statistics are however easier to evaluate if presented next to an earlier estimate, as the two data points together will illustrate an upward or downward change. How are people influenced by such changes? In seven experiments, participants read mortality statistics (e
Over the past years, the installations of Shallow Geothermal Energy (SGE) systems are increasing throughout Europe, and it is indicating that a specific and detailed legal framework is necessary. Towards this direction, this paper consists of an overview of legislation issues on SGE at European level, based on concise reviews from fourteen countries, i.e., Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, L
I den lilla medeltida byn Chianni i Toscana har olivodlingarna försörjt invånarna i flera hundra år. Varje höst reser markbiologen Håkan Wallander och hans vänner dit för att plocka oliver och sköta om de vackra träden.I Toscanas vänliga landskap kan de experimentera med olika odlingsmetoder i olivlunden. Lokala experter lär dem hur träden traditionellt ska beskäras och gödslas, men som jordforska
OBJECTIVE: To explore how lifestyle and demographic, socioeconomic and disease-related factors are associated with supervised exercise adherence in an osteoarthritis (OA) management programme and their ability to explain exercise adherence.METHODS: A cohort register-based study on participants from the 'Swedish Osteoarthritis Registry' who attended the exercise part of a nationwide Swedish OA mana
Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a relatively new approach to analyze gene expression data that models data by additive combinations of non-negative basis vectors (metagenes). The non-negativity constraint makes sense biologically as genes may either be expressed or not, but never show negative expression. We applied NMF to five different microarray data sets. We estimated the appropriat
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an efficacious therapy for youth anxiety disorders. Caregivers are key stakeholders in youth therapy, and their feedback on treatment can help to inform intervention personalization. This mixed-methods study applied a systematic inductive thematic analysis to identify themes among most- and least-liked CBT features reported by caregivers using open-ended respo
Background. Proton therapy of lung cancer holds the potential for a reduction of the volume of irradiated normal lung tissue. In this work we investigate the robustness of intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans to motion, and evaluate a geometrical tumour tracking method to compensate for tumour motion. Material and methods. Seven patients with a nine targets with 4DCT scans were selected
This thesis presents an application of machine learning techniques in a search for a high-mass resonance particle decaying into top quark pairs in high energy dijet events using the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Top tagging is applied to the dijet events to select the events with top signature and suppress the background, increasing the sensitivity of the search. All the data used
Following the UNHCR:s launch of the #IBelong Campaign to End Statelessness by 2024 in November 2014, a Global Action Plan to End Statelessness: 2014 – 2024 was adopted urging states to undertake ten actions to end statelessness, including to facilitate the naturalization of stateless migrants. While the facilitated naturalization of stateless persons would certainly reduce the occurrence of statel
Germany’s Energy Concept aims to reduce the building sector’s primary energy demand by 80% compared to 2008 levels, of which 20% are to be achieved by 2020. This requires significant investment in integrated renewables and thermal. Public funds cannot finance such transition alone. Therefore, it is crucial to not only understand current investment levels and potential investment gaps, but also to
Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disease which affects about 3 % of children in Sweden where most of them have an asymptomatic form making it difficult to detect. The bacterial composition in the gastrointestinal microflora can affect the intestinal barrier properties and the immune systems response to various dietary components. An unfavourable composition of the microflora can activate par
Individual inventors have played an important role in shaping modern economic growth with their inventions. However, the upsurge in corporate and institutionalised research and development (R&D) has overshadowed the individual inventor in both academia and policy research. In Sweden, the individual inventor continues to provide socially and environmentally beneficial innovations that solve pro
The thesis sets out to investigate how collective mourning on social media is perceived by online audiences and what motivates their participation in it. It is centered around examining the aftermath of the Beirut and Paris attacks in 2015 and how mourning and solidarity was constructed online in their aftermath. The closeness in time of the two attacks illustrates the differences between how the
In the Netherlands it is very common to separate household waste inside the home. In several Dutch municipalities a financial incentive system has been implemented that is intended to motivate residents to manage and separate household waste more efficiently. The system has shown to give good results when evaluated in terms of the amount of collected household waste. However, no research exists on
In the State of Oaxaca in Southern Mexico exist abundant natural resource and excellent wind conditions. Currently in the region of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in Oaxaca has an extensive area with wind farm projects due to their excellent wind speed conditions. A large wind energy plant – the Project Mareña Renovables that since their origins started in 2004 with Preneal Company. It was planned to
Problem: Under de senaste 50 åren har människan konsumerat mer än alla generationer tillsammans. En motreaktion har utvecklats mot det stereotypa ”du är vad du konsumerar eller äger”, vilket benämns som the sharing economy. Grundtanken är att dela på sina resurser för att använda dessa fullt ut. Fenomenet är relativt nytt, men har under de senaste åren haft stor inverkan på resenärers förändrade b
