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This paper investigates the acquisition of rhetorical questions (RhQs) inmonolingual children acquiring Italian, comparing the comprehension andproduction of RhQs based on their optional lexical, morphosyntactic, andprosodic cues. We show that 6-to-9-year-old children are in the process ofacquiring the use of optional lexical and morphosyntactic markers in produc-tion (e.g. discourse particles, in
MOTIVATION: Missing data present a pervasive challenge in data analysis, potentially biasing outcomes and undermining conclusions if not addressed properly. Missing data are commonly classified into Missing Completely at Random (MCAR), Missing at Random (MAR), and Missing Not at Random (MNAR). While MCAR poses a minimal risk of data distortion, both MAR and MNAR can seriously affect the results of
Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is an emerging respiratory pathogen that causes a significant disease burden worldwide, yet an effective vaccine is still lacking. The focus of this thesis is to elucidate the critical molecular interactions governing NTHi pathogenesis and host immunity. We identified Elongation Factor Tu (EF-Tu) as a surface-exposed protein on NTHi, demonstrating its imm
Background: Evidence on psychological outcomes of gaming disorder (GD) is still scarce. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of sleep hygiene in the relationship between GD and psychological distress (depression and anxiety) among Iranian adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among school students in Qazvin city, Iran. We administered GD, anxiety, and depression ques
This article assesses what is analytically at stake when individuals claim that their rights under the European Convention on Human Rights have been interfered with and the respondent State invokes compliance with positive human rights obligations as the aim pursued with the interference. These situations could be framed as manifesting a tension between negative and positive obligations. This is a
The transition to the Nordic Bronze Age included new technological innovations, social institutions and sociopolitical structures pushed by extensive long-distance exchange of metals and other exotica. However, traditional views often oversimplify this as a simple two-way trade system, failing to adequately explain the complex interactions in and between the regions like Scandinavia in which the s
Abstract in French:Le système éducatif suédois met, depuis des décennies, l’accent sur l’importance de l’évaluation critique de l’information. Néanmoins, les approches d’évaluation de l’information mises en œuvre demeurent insuffisamment développées d’un point de vue analytique. Cet article porte sur deux défis essentiels auxquels sont confrontés les établissements scolaires pour préparer les jeunTeachers are now encouraged to use generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools to complete various school-related administrative tasks, with the promise of saving considerable amounts of time and effort. Drawing on interviews from 57 teachers across eight schools in Sweden and Australia, this paper explores teachers’ experiences when working with GenAI. In particular, it focuses on the large
This study examines whether individual propensity to commit crime and family environment interact in their association with child-to-parent violence (CPV). We assume that individual propensity will be more strongly associated with CPV among those adolescents who are less attached to and controlled by their parents. The study has a cross-sectional design of 4,930 adolescents (age 16 years on averag
Summary: Screening initiatives for osteoporosis must facilitate treatment of those at elevated fracture risk. In a randomized controlled trial of 24,229 women, those in the screening group with FRAX ≥ 15% were invited for DXA with AOM treatment offered as per national guidelines. Treatment initiation in the following year was 9.5 times higher compared with controls. Purpose: To determine if screen
OBJECTIVE: Despite recent advances, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) remain incompletely understood, and comparative proteomic analyses of AAV subtypes are lacking. This study aimed to identify key molecular signaling pathways activated in AAV and to elucidate molecular distinctions between AAV with proteinase 3
Against the backdrop of growing geopolitical challenges, many countries are re-examining international scientific cooperation through the lens of national security. The security turn in research collaboration and exchange in higher education has prompted policy debates over the future of global science. More can be learned about this security turn by examining a society in which national security
The first multi-bend achromat based synchrotron MAX IV operates two protein crystallography beamlines, BioMAX and MicroMAX. BioMAX is designed as a versatile, stable, high-throughput beamline catering for most protein crystallography experiments. MicroMAX is a more ambitious beamline dedicated to serial crystallography including time-resolved experiments. Both beamlines exploit the special charact
Recent years have seen major advances in tau-associated brain disorders through interdisciplinary research spanning molecular biology, neuroimaging, clinical trials, and therapeutic development. The Tau2024 Global Conference, hosted by the Alzheimer's Association, CurePSP, and Rainwater Charitable Foundation, showcased these efforts by bringing together researchers and experts worldwide to discuss
In this study, we present the solvothermal synthesis of LuPO4:Pr3+ (1%) nanocrystals in a dimethyl sulfoxide-water solvent system. The as-prepared nanocrystals exhibit a relatively high degree of crystallinity, along with significant short-range disorder, particularly in the anionic sublattice, as revealed by XRD and Raman spectroscopy data. Low temperature luminescence spectroscopy under VUV exci
This doctoral thesis investigates the conceptual, epistemological, andpsychological dimensions of conspiracy theories, aiming to develop a more preciseand philosophically rigorous framework for understanding and evaluating them.The work is structured around five original papers that address key questions:What constitutes a conspiracy theory? Are such theories inherently irrational?How should we co
Antibody–enzyme complexes (AECs) are ideal for immunosensing. Although AECs using antibody fragments can be produced by bacterial hosts, their low affinity limits their sensing applications. We have improved the affinity of AECs by combining two antibodies using Catcher/Tag systems; however, it requires multiple antibodies and an enzyme production process. In this study, to realize the production
