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The clonal sedge Carex humilis forms rings of densely aggregated ramets in a dry grassland community in Central Europe. We describe the small-scale spatial variation, both in abiotic factors and vegetation, in relation to these rings. Compared to the surrounding vegetation the cover of plants, other than C. humilis, was significantly lower both in the central area of rings and within the rings the
Although the potential negative effects of increased ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on early life stages of aquatic organisms are widely recognized, possible synergistic effects with other stressors have seldom been studied outside the laboratory. We investigated the effects of UV-B radiation and pH on hatchability and early development of moor frog Rana arvalis eggs in the field and in laboratory
The five ribosomal P-proteins, denoted P0-(P1-P2)(2), constitute the stalk structure of the large subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the group of P1 and P2 proteins is differentiated into subgroups that form two separate P1A-P2B and P1B-P2A heterodimers on the stalk. So far, structural studies on the P-proteins have not yielded any satisfactory information usin
This review discusses actual and potential contributors to functional improvement after stroke injuries. Topics that will be covered are neuronal re-organization and sprouting, neural stem/progenitor cell,activation and neuronal replacement, as well as the neuronal milieu defined by glia, inflammatory cells and blood vessel supply. It is well established that different types of neuronal plasticity
An overview of optical techniques for environmental monitoring is presented. Range-resolved measurements of atmospheric pollutants can be performed using the differential absorption lidar technique. Fluorescence lidar allows assessment of vegetation status and also the conditions of the facades of historical buildings. Diode lasers provide particularly realistic schemes for atmospheric gas analysi
Recent models have worked with the assumption that birds try to minimize either time, energy or predation risk during migration, or some combination of these. The few empirical studies available have suggested that time minimization may be the most common strategy. One way of distinguishing between strategies is to study the departure decisions of migrating birds. We supplied migrating European ro
NMR relaxation experiments have provided a wealth of information about molecular motions in macromolecules and ordered fluids. Even though a rigorous theory of spin relaxation is available, the complexity of the investigated systems often makes the interpretation of limited datasets challenging and ambiguous. To allow physically meaningful information to be extracted from the data without commitme
Abstract in UndeterminedThe nuisance alga Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyceae) is known to form dense blooms in many freshwater bodies, and has increased its distribution and abundance. However, information on the mechanisms behind bloom formation and maintenance is scarce. Field observations indicate that G. semen may be favored in humic lakes, In the present study, we performed controlled laborato
The translocation t(8;16)(p11;p13) is associated with a subtype of acute monocytic leukemia (AML M5) characterized morphologically by erythrophagocytosis and clinically by a poor prognosis. The t(8;16) fuses the MOZ gene from 8p11 with the CBP (also named CREBBP) gene from 16p13. Previously published studies of MOZ and CBP rearrangements in t(8;16)-positive AML have used fluorescence in situ hybri
The adsorption of oxalate and malonate at the water-geothite interface was studied as a function of pH and total ligand concentrations by means of quantitative adsorption measurements and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The obtained results conclusively showed that oxalate and malonate both form outer-sphere and inner-sphere surface complexes on goethite, and
The mobilization of free fatty acids from adipose triacylglycerol (TG) stores requires the activities of triacylglycerol lipases. In this study, we demonstrate that adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) are the major enzymes contributing to TG breakdown in in vitro assays and in organ cultures of murine white adipose tissue (WAT). To differentiate between ATGL- and
Far infrared spectra of seven different isotopologs of the water dimer have been measured in neon matrices at 2.8 K. The experiments are interpreted with the aid of density functional theory calculations, in particular the calculated harmonic isotopic shifts were utilized. All six intermolecular vibrational modes of the water dimer and the fully deuterated water dimer are assigned based the isotop
The microbial communities and photosynthetic capacity of cryoconite holes on the Midre Lovénbreen Glacier at 79°N in Spitzbergen (Svalbard Archipelago) were investigated in July/August 2000 and July 2001. The constituents of the microbial assemblages were more abundant in material on the cryoconite bottoms than in the overlying water. Bacterial concentrations ranged from 1.00 to 4.502104 ml-1 in t
We studied the influence of shape and secondary, or intercellular, organization on the absorption and scattering properties of red blood cells to determine whether these properties are of any practical significance for optical evaluation of whole blood and its constituents. A series of measurements of transmittance and reflectance of light from bovine blood in a flow cuvette was conducted with a 6
The first identification of a sex pheromone of a pine sawfly (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae) dates back almost thirty years. Since then, female-produced pheromones of over twenty diprionid species have been investigated by solvent extraction followed by separation and identification. However, no study has shown what the females actually release. Collection of airborne compounds using absorbtion on char
