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BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by an abnormal increase of phosphorylated tau (pTau) species in the CSF. It has been suggested that emergence of different pTau forms may parallel disease progression. Therefore, targeting multiple specific pTau forms may allow for a deeper understanding of disease evolution and underlying pathophysiology. Current immunoassays measure pTau epitopes
OBJECTIVE: To explore the quality of maternal and newborn care (QMNC) during the COVID-19 pandemic by facility type among 16 European countries, comparing rates of instrumental vaginal birth and cesarean.METHODS: Women who gave birth in the WHO European Region from March 1, 2020, to February 7, 2022, answered a validated online questionnaire. Rates of instrumental birth, instrumental vaginal birth
OBJECTIVE: To investigate potential associations between individual and country-level factors and medicalization of birth in 15 European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.METHODS: Online anonymous survey of women who gave birth in 2020-2021. Multivariable multilevel logistic regression models estimating associations between indicators of medicalization (cesarean, instrumental vaginal birth [I
English Medium Instruction in Multilingual and Multicultural Universities analyses the issues related to EMI at both a local and international level and provides a broad perspective on this topic. Drawing on field studies from a Northern European context and based primarily on research carried out at the University of Copenhagen, this book:• introduces a topical global issue that is central to the
This thesis encompasses an introductory part and five papers related to developing techniques and phantoms required for the further growth of photoacoustic imaging (PAI). In PAI, images are created by detecting acoustic waves followed by the absorption of laser light, enabling high spatial resolution while maintaining high optical contrast. Due to the distinct absorption patterns of various chromo
OBJECTIVE: To explore the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the associations between the CSF proteomic patterns and clinical manifestations.METHODS: CSF samples from 29 female outpatients with SLE were analyzed with label-free liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Inclusion and CSF collection were conducted irrespective of clinical manifestation
Background: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release from trigeminal structures is central to migraine pathophysiology. This study employed an ex vivo model preserving anatomical continuity between the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) and trigeminal ganglion (TG) to investigate (1) whether TNC stimulation induces peripheral CGRP release from the TG and (2) the potential involvement of a dis
CSF concentrations of β-amyloid 42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) are well-established biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and have been studied in relation to several neuropathological features both in patients and in cognitively unimpaired individuals. The CSF p-tau/Aβ42 ratio, a biomarker combining information from both pathophysiological processes, has emerged as a promising tool for moni
BACKGROUND: This study sought to characterize a cohort of talar neck and body fractures, focusing on fracture characteristics, associated injuries, treatment and outcome.METHODS: We reviewed adult patients registered in the Swedish Fracture Register 2011-2021 with talar neck and body fractures. A minimum 2-year follow-up was conducted for treatment outcomes.RESULTS: We included 313 patients (318 f
The High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP) formed in the circum-Arctic during the Cretaceous. The timing and duration of emplacement of these mafic magmas are important for understanding the climatic and environmental effects, yet many uncertainties remain. The dating methods used vary greatly between different regions. For example, the mafic intrusions in Svalbard have mainly been dated using
The highest-spin discrete states (I ∼ 60ℏ and Ex ∼ 30MeV) in normal deformed nuclei have been observed in the rare-earth isotope 156Dy using the GAMMASPHERE spectrometer. The quadrupole moments for a variety of configurations, including the 9/2+[404] (g9/2) proton, 1/2+[660] (i13/2) and 1/2-[541] (f7/2, h9/2) neutron orbitals, were measured in a wide range of ∼ 130 nuclei.
BACKGROUND: – The clinical use of risk scores to guide treatment decisions and improve clinical outcomes has rarely been prospectively evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate whether a biomarker-based ABC-AF risk score–guided multidimensional treatment strategy improves long-term outcomes in patients with AF. METHODS: – The multicenter, registry-based, randomized, controlled, open-label study enro
Engraved ochres and ostrich eggshells from the South African Blombos Cave and Diepkloof Rock Shelter are among the earliest expressions of human symbolic behavior. They appear to document a continuous practice of mark-making across ∼40,000 years. During this time, the engraved markings change from simpler, unstructured patterns to more complex markings such as cross-hatchings. Previous work examin
Background: A prediction model that estimates survival and neurological outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients has the potential to improve clinical management in emergency rooms. Methods: We used the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation to study all out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases in Sweden from 2010 to 2020. We had 393 candidate predictors describing the cir
We identify biomarkers for disease progression in three type 2 diabetes cohorts encompassing 2,973 individuals across three molecular classes, metabolites, lipids and proteins. Homocitrulline, isoleucine and 2-aminoadipic acid, eight triacylglycerol species, and lowered sphingomyelin 42:2;2 levels are predictive of faster progression towards insulin requirement. Of ~1,300 proteins examined in two
Objectives: Carbon dioxide (CO2) angiography for endovascular aortic repair (CO2-EVAR) is used to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), especially in patients with chronic kidney disease or allergy to iodinated contrast medium (ICM). However, some technical issues regarding the visualization of the lowest renal artery (LoRA) and the best quality image through angiographies performed from pigtai
Aims: Estimation of prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has been influenced by that various risk stratification models use different numbers of prognostic parameters, as well as the lack of a comprehensive and time-saving risk assessment calculator. We therefore evaluated the various European Society of Cardiology (ESC)-/European Respiratory Society (ERS)-based three-and four-strata
In soil, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) meet the roots of both host and presumed nonhost plants, but the interactional mechanisms of AMF with and functional relevance for nonhost plants is little known. Here we show AMF can colonize an individually grown nonhost plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, and suppress the growth of Arabidopsis and two nonhost Brassica crops. This inhibitory effect increased
