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This chapter presents a methodological analysis of the use of the efficient-market hypothesis in the recent financial crisis.

Intra cerebral tumours were inoculated into the brain of Fischer-344 syngeneic rats. After one week they were treated with either 5 or 15 Gy of Co-60-gamma radiation. The first immunization was given 1 hour before the radiation treatment and then two more times with 14-day intervals. Immunization was performed with 3 x 10(6) radiation sterilized IFN-gamma secreting tumour cells (N29) injected intr

Smoluchowski's coagulation equation is studied for the kernel K (u, v) = E(u(alpha)v(beta) + u(beta) v(alpha)) with real, non-negative alpha, beta and E, using gamma distributions with a singularity at zero volume as initial size spectra. As the distribution parameter of the gamma distribution, p, approaches its lower limit (p -> 0) the distribution becomes similar to pv(p-1) 1 for small v. Asympt

BACKGROUND: Increased pulmonary vascular resistance is frequently seen after lung transplantation. Thromboxane A2 is a potent vasoconstrictor of pulmonary arteries. Thromboxane-elicited vasoconstriction can ben counteracted by prostacyclin. The effects of lung transplantation on the biosynthesis of these substances were investigated. METHODS: Pulmonary artery flush perfusion with a low-potassium d

Haemophilus influenzae is an important respiratory tract pathogen responsible for a variety of infections in humans. Encapsulated H. influenzae belongs to one of six serotypes (a-f), of which type b is the most virulent one causing serious and sometimes life-threatening diseases (e.g., epiglottitis, septicaemia and meningitis). In contrast, non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi) accounts for the majori

Density functional theory was employed to investigate the adsorption site and hyperfine interactions of nitric oxide adsorbed in Na-LTA (previous name NaA) zeolite. Three different cluster models of increasing complexity were used to represent the zeolite network: (1) a six-membered ring terminated by hydrogen atoms with one sodium ion above the ring, (2) as model 1 with the addition of three sodi

An electric field oscillating at a frequency similar to 1 Hz is found to induce strong modulation of the fluorescence intensity of single poly[2-methoxy,5-(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) molecules (M-W similar to 10(6)) embedded in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix. The MEH-PPV polymer chains are carefully isolated from the electrodes to avoid effects of injection. In a

Six pure strains of obligate anaerobes capable of degrading the toxin beta-N-oxalyl-L-alpha, beta-diaminopropionic acid (beta-ODAP) contained in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) have been isolated from cow rumen. The new isolates were identified as Megasphaera elsdenii (five different genotypes) and Clostridium bifermentans using 16S rDNA analysis. The beta-ODAP degrading efficiency of the isolates wa

Resonance scattering techniques are very useful for high-resolution atomic spectroscopy. The applicability of these techniques has been much extended, particularly through the rapid development of tunable-laser technology. The use of a narrowband tunable laser, acting on a collimated atomic beam, gives a direct method enabling, for example, hyperfine structure and isotope shift studies. The intens

Bacillus subtilis strain 168 encodes two flavocytochromes P450, Cyp102A2 and Cyp102A3. The cyp102A3 gene is preceded by, and organized in an operon with, a gene for a transcriptional regulator, encoded by fatR. The paralogous gene, cyp102A2, is most likely transcribed as a mono-cistronic message. We show that fatR encodes a protein that binds to an operator sequence that is present upstream of its

Glycobiology is the world of sugars: how they are made, what they look like, and what they do. Despite the importance of glycan structures in life, knowledge has been hampered due to their inherent complexity. Lectins are nature's way to decipher the intricate code held by glycans, which makes them important players in both normal and pathological physiology. A key to the understanding of lectins

Leukotriene B-4 (LTB4) is a potent lipid mediator of inflammation that acts primarily via a seven-transmembrane-spanning, G-protein-coupled receptor denoted BLT1. Here, we describe the synthesis and characterization of fluorescent analogs of LTB4 that are easy to produce, inexpensive, and without the disadvantages of a radioligand. Fluorescent LTB4 is useful for labeling LTB4 receptors for which n

A combination of hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange and limited proteolysis experiments coupled to mass spectrometry analysis was used to depict the conformation in solution of HAMLET, the folding variant of human alpha-lactalbumin, complexed to oleic acid, that induces apoptosis in tumor and immature cells. Although near- and far-UV CD and fluorescence spectroscopy were not able to discriminate be