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The chapter studies the relationship between inequality and institutional change in the long-run. The key message is that societies change slowly and unpredictably because of path dependency of economic, political, and social institutions. Prevalent inequalities between different groups rooted in history may help to explain why change does not take place. This has implications for the results that

Popular Abstract in Swedish I avhandlingen redovisas undersökningar av näringsdynamiken hos fem olika lövträdsarter (ask, björk, bok, ek och lind) vilka jämförs med gran, som är ett mycket undersökt trädslag ur närings-synvinkel. Målsättningen med studierna var att klargöra de olika trädslagens näringstillstånd under likartade förhållanden, deras inverkan på och samspel med marken, samt deras näriThis thesis considers several important aspects of nutrient dynamics and allocation in adult stands of Swedish forest tree species (Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata Mill., Fraxinus excelsior L., Betula pendula Roth., Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst) planted on the same soils. Differences between species in macro- (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S), and micro- (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) nutrient levels in

In our response, we address four themes arising from the commentaries. First, we discuss the distinction between cognition and metacognition and show how to draw it within our framework. Next, we explain how metacognition differs from social cognition. The underlying mechanisms of metacognitive development are then elucidated in terms of interaction patterns. Finally, we consider measures of metac

Integrated models are inherently complex and often obscure to any but those who write them. Their usefulness can be greatly enhanced through well-structured, object-oriented design. A robust and computationally efficient Simulink/C++ library of optics, control, finite-element, and visualization routines for modeling radio telescope performance under various operating conditions is being developed

In the present work we have selected a collection of statistical and mathematical tools useful for the exploration of multivariate data and we present them in a form that is meant to be particularly accessible to a classically trained mathematician. We give self contained and streamlined introductions to principal component analysis, multidimensional scaling and statistical hypothesis testing. Wit

In October 1989, a 24-year-old Kurdish immigrant from Iraq was brought before the Sandviken Lower Court in Sweden charged with assaulting, coercing and threatening his pregnant ex-girlfriend who had left him to live with another man. Although, the court found the defendant guilty as charged, it nevertheless released him on a suspended sentence and a fine of 3000 Swedish Kronor. Conviction on this

Standard Swedish has a large amount of import words from Low German. These words were adopted by the urban population, approximately 5 % of the people, in the middle ages. According to the author very little was taken over by the speakers of the genuine rural dialects. Instead it is resonable to believe that the propagation of these import word took place as an aspect of the weakening of the rural

In the global market of air transport, integration of products and services is now seen as being necessary for the long-term success of engine manufacturers. This paper describes research stimulated by a fundamental shift that is occurring in the manufacture and marketing of aero engines for commercial and defence purposes, away from the selling of products to the provision of services. Our collab

Since Abney (1987), generative syntax has invested much interest in the structure of the Noun Phrase, producing numerous theoretical as well as descriptive studies. Within the field of Scandinavian Noun Phrase studies, Delsing (1993) was a groundbreaking work that has since been followed up by several important studies, including Vangsnes et al. (2003) and Julien (2005). This field of inquiry is e

There is an urgent need to ensure sustainable consumption patterns in western countries such as Sweden. Movements around the world demanding leaders to take action for the survival of our planet also puts pressure on companies to act responsibly. Since consumption patterns are influenced by the decisions made by companies on how to do business the choice of business model can promote or hinder mor