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Konflikter mellan olika samhällsgrupper och människors fördomar har länge intresserat samhällsvetenskapliga forskare. Många har också sökt svar på frågan om vad som kan göras för att överbrygga och minska dessa klyftor, splittringar och fördomar. Denna avhandling relaterar till denna diskussion och forskningsprocessen har ägt rum i flera steg. Först har en experimentell praxis utvecklats för att mConflicts between different social groups and people's prejudices have interested social science researchers for a long time. Many have also sought answers to the question of what can be done to bridge and reduce these gaps, divisions and prejudices. This dissertation relates to these discussions and the research process has taken place in several stages. First, an experimental practice has been d

Principen om aktiers fria överlåtbarhet är av grundläggande betydelse för aktiebolagsrätten. Med anledning av att framförallt fåmansbolag har ett berättigat behov av att kunna begränsa aktiens omsättning, och därigenom kontrollera bolagets ägarkrets, tillhandahåller ABL tre olika överlåtelsebegränsningar vilka kan regleras i bolagsordningen. Vid sidan av bolagsordningen, kan aktieägarna emellertidIn the field of company law, the principle of free transferability of shares is of fundamental importance. Since close companies in particular have a justified need for the ability to limit share turnover, and thus control the company ownership group, the Swedish Companies Act provides three different means of transfer restrictions that can be implemented in the articles of association. However, b

Endast den som är svensk medborgare har en absolut rätt att vistas i landet. När en utlänning begår ett brott kan detta under vissa förutsättningar leda till att utlänningen utvisas. När domstolen avgör om en utlänning ska utvisas på grund av brott görs en avvägning mellan brottets allvarlighet eller risken för att utlänningen återfaller i brott och utlänningens anknytning till Sverige. UppsatsenSummary Only Swedish citizens enjoy the absolute right to reside in Sweden. A foreigner who commits a crime can, under certain circumstances, be deported. When the court decides whether or not a foreigner is going to be deported because of crime it makes an adjustment between the severity of the crime or the risk of continued criminal activity and the foreigners attachment to Sweden. The thesis

Energy use and energy feedback - An evaluation of Sweden’s largest energy saving experiment at E.ON E.ON Sverige AB is now performing Sweden’s largest energy saving experiment to see if its customers can reduce their electricity consumption just by visualizing it. The experiment turns to 10 000 of E.ON’s customers, having an annual consumption exceeding 10 000 kWh. Customers are equipped with a di

Protesting against human rights violations is dangerous. Worldwide, human rights defenders are subject to violations ranging from harassment to murder. One way in which human rights defenders are silenced is through the misuse of the national judicial system where it is employed to punish human rights defenders for their work. Vague laws contribute to making this possible because they obfuscate th

Skyldigheten för en avtalspart att meddela motparten om eventuellt miss-nöje med avtalsrelationen eller den levererade prestationen har länge varit en del av den svenska rätten. Skyldigheten förstås i dag som ett utlopp av par-ternas lojalitetsplikt och stadgar en allmän avtalsrättslig reklamationsplikt. Den allmänna reklamationsplikten har de senaste åren återkommande prö-vats av HD. Genom HD:s pThe obligation for a contracting party to notify the counterparty of any dissatisfaction with the contractual relationship or the counterparty’s performance has for long been a part of Swedish law. The obligation is an expression of the parties’ duty of loyalty and establishes a general contractual obligation to give notice. An obligation that has been the focus of several of the Swedish Supreme C

Framväxten av artificiell intelligens (AI) har medfört ett flertal utmaningar för det upphovsrättsliga regelverket. Det befintliga upphovsrättsliga regelverket ger skydd åt verk som skapats av en människa. Samtidigt har framstegen inom AI och den djupa maskininlärningen möjliggjort att AI-system genererar alster i form av litteratur, musik och bilder, som traditionellt har hört till människans domThe emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) poses a number of challenges to copyright law. The existing copyright regulations provide protection for works created by human beings. At the same time, advances in AI and deep machine learning have enabled AI systems to generate creations of literature, music and images, which are traditionally associated with the human domain. The thesis investigat

The Swedish Antarctic Research Expedition named “SWEDARP” was performed during October 1988 through April 1989. The aim of our project was to study the radioactivity in air and water from Gothenburg to the Antarctic. Between Gothenburg and the Equator, the average activity concentration of 7Be in air was 4.3 ± 0.7 mBq/m3. The activity concentration of 7Be in the South Atlantic down to Antarctica v

Popular Abstract in Swedish Nygjuten betong innehåller överskottsfukt som avges till omgivningen under uttorkningen. Om uttorkningen får fortsätta i en konstant luftfuktighet antar betongen så småningom samma fuktighet. Eftersom betong är ett tätt material tar det lång tid, ofta flera år, innan så har skett. Tills detta har inträffat sker en fukttransport från de inre delarna ut till ytan. En delThere were two principal objectives for this thesis. The first was to develop a methodology and evaluation model of moisture redistribution in order to make the future relative humidity in a screeded concrete slab predictable. The second objective was to develop a method to determine the critical humidity for ion transport in concrete. Residual moisture in screeded concrete slabs may be redistrib

Popular Abstract in Swedish Gangesfloden i Varanasi (Indien) anses samtidigt vara fullkomligt ren och svårt förorenad, beroende på vem som definierar dess egenskaper, brahminska religiösa specialister eller vetenskapligt orienterade miljöaktivister. Medan kontroversen fortgår, försöker några hinduiska religiösa ledare att anpassa sina traditioner till de nya miljöparadigmen, och deras förhållningsWhether the Ganges river in Varanasi (India) is pristinely pure or heavily polluted depends on by whom it qualities are defined, the Brahmin religious specialists in the city or the science oriented environmentalists. While the controversy continues, some Hindu religious leaders are searching for ways to adjust their respective traditions to the environmental paradigms, an initiative that reflects

This thesis deals with the international rules regarding passenger liability on an international aircraft. The focus will be the carrier's liability toward passengers on an aircraft. The purpose is to give an account of the common international rules and to clarify the problems with interpretation of the passenger liability article. I will focus on the Montreal Convention of 1999, which is the

The Most-Favoured-Nation treatment has been a common feature in international economic relations for a long period of time. The principle provides for equal competitive opportunities between contracting states and has been a standard in the field of trade, investment and other areas of economic co-operation. Although its application to these fields of law is widely accepted, the principle has stil

Since 2001 there has been an increase in oil price and unlike other times there is nothing indicating a major persistent decline. As oil is a limited resource and since current production capacity can not fully meet the growing demand the price on oil is kept high. A high oil price will not only result in higher price on fuel and thereby a higher cost of transport. It will also affect areas such a

Genom Europakonventionen och regeringsformen tillförsäkras den enskilde ett flertal rättigheter. Varje medborgare åtnjuter bland annat skydd till frihet och personlig säkerhet samt till privat och familjeliv, sitt hem och sin korrespondens. Dessa friheter får begränsas genom lag under förutsättning att begränsningen tillgodoser ändamål som är godtagbara i ett demokratiskt samhälle. Att utreda brotThe Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) and the Swedish constitution guarantee everyone a number of civil rights. Every citizen has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence. These rights may be limited by law, presumed that these limitations have a righteous purpose in a democratic society. Investigating crimes

For a successful project of urban wind power requires wind as well as attachments, sound level and the requirements and regulations should be taken under consideration. But a lot of experience is still lacking and many projects fail therefore. This report covers the aspects described above and a summary of experiences and knowledge gaps have been made with the aim of facilitating the planning phas

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) har vuxit från att på 1950-talet varit en diskussion om företags sociala ansvar, till att idag utgöra en allt viktigare beståndsdel i företags beslutsfattande. CSR har uppstått som en motreaktion från allmänheten efter flertalet företagsskandaler och ökad globalisering då företagen kommit att utgöra viktiga aktörer för samhällsutvecklingen. Utvecklingen har frCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has evolved from in the 1950s being a discussion, to today constitute an increasingly more important component of corporate decision-making. CSR has emerged as a public backlash against several corporate scandals and increased globalization that has given corporations greater influence over the societal development. The CSR development has, until now, been cha

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vanligt viloelektrokardiogram (EKG) med 12 avledningar är ett av de mest använda redskapen för diagnostik av hjärtsjukdom. Tidigare forskning har visat att detta EKG ej är optimalt, men att nya EKG-metoder kan ge viktig tilläggsinformation. En metod som i flera tidigare studier visat sig innehålla diagnostisk potential är analys av de högfrekventa signalkomponenterna i The standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most commonly used methods for diagnosing heart disease. Standard ECG is not always optimal, however, and new ECG methods can provide additional information. Analysis of high-frequency QRS components (HF-QRS) has been shown to increase the diagnostic performance of the ECG. Since the amplitudes of the HF-QRS are low compared with those vis

Intellectual property law seeks to promote society's industrial development through the recognition of patents. The logic of granting patent protection is clear-cut: Patents provide incentives for developing new technology. The lack of an adequate legal protection for innovations would slow progress and the benefits it brings. Without legal protection, companies would be unlikely to spend sign

Generally, the time of contract formation is when the acceptance becomes binding and effective. This point in time may vary widely under different jurisdiction's national laws. Further, the special characteristics of the Internet may complicate the issue of the time of online contract formation The purpose of this thesis is to shed light on whether there is a requirement of a uniform rule, def

Ur beskattningssynpunkt har det stor betydelse huruvida en verksamhet anses utgöra handel med fastigheter eller inte. Om så är fallet bedrivs näringsverksamhet, och verksamheten träffas av specialreglerna i 27 kap. IL, varpå tillgångarna klassificeras som lagertillgångar. Det påverkar i sin tur dotterbolags möjlighet att med avdragsrätt lämna koncernbidrag till moderföretaget. Det har även betydelFrom a tax standpoint, it is of great importance whether a certain activity is considered to be professional real estate trading or not. The Swedish Income Tax Act (inkomstskattelagen) contains special provisions that applies when professional real estate trading is conducted, saying that a company’s assets can be classified as current assets. This will in turn affect a subsidiary’s possibility to