Filtyp
Nemacheilid fishes in the genus Turcinoemacheilus are physically small members of the ichthyofauna communities of high-altitude and mountainous freshwater ecosystems. They are all distributed in Western Asia apart from a single species, described in the Himalayas. They are usually very similar in appearance, which complicates their proper identification and/or description. This is why it is import
Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patien
Covid-19 has caused great challenges to the energy sector, particularly in residential buildings with low-income households. This study investigates the impact of the confinement measures due to the Covid-19 outbreak on the energy demand of seven residential archetype buildings in Greater London. Three levels of confinement for occupant schedules are proposed and compared with the base case before
A century after the Spanish Flu, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought renewed attention to socioeconomic and occupational differences in mortality in the earlier pandemic. The magnitude of these differences and the pathways between occupation and increased mortality remain unclear, however. In this paper, we explore the relation between occupational characteristics and excess mortality among men duri
Pharmaceutical industry funding of patient organizations raises ethical challenges related to patient engagement in healthcare due to fears of commercial agendas influencing patient advocacy and creating industry-driven inequalities across patient organizations. We contribute to an international body of knowledge on patient organization–industry relations by analyzing all payments reported by comp
This paper provides the first regional econometric decomposition of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion in eight regions of the world. Using the best publically-available time series data (1971–2011), the analysis examines the key determinants and relationships of the ‘Green Energy Economy’ (GEE) in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, Non-OECD Europe and countries from t
Popular Abstract in Swedish Stokastika effekter är av stor betydelse i många biofysiska system. Evolution, djurs sökande efter föda, spridning av virusinfektioner och stamcellsdifferentiering, är alla exempel på processer som på ett eller annat sätt är stokastiska till sin natur. Syftet med denna avhandling är att undersöka de verktyg som ofta används för att kvantifiera slumpmässighet i naturen o
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the major pediatric cancer diagnosed in economically developed countries with B-cell precursor (BCP)-ALL, accounting for approximately 70% of ALL. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided the first unambiguous evidence for common inherited susceptibility to BCP-ALL, identifying susceptibility loci at 7p12.2, 9p21.3, 10q21.2, and 14q11.2. To
Objective: To identify effective interventions which improve quality of care for people with dementia (PwD) living at home. METHODS: MEDLINE-(via PubMed), CINAHL, PsycINFO and ISI Web of Science databases were searched. Inclusion criteria: (1) randomized controlled trials; (2) published in English-language, peer-reviewed journals between 1990 and 2012; (3) evaluated strategies to improve quality
Aim: To conduct a multi-language translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Intermittent and Constant OsteoArthritis Pain (ICOAP) questionnaire for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: The questionnaires were translated and cross-culturally adapted in parallel, using a common protocol, into the following languages: Czech, Dutch, French (France), German, Italian, Norwegian, Spanish (Cas
Inbreeding depression may drive the evolution of inbreeding avoidance through dispersal and mate choice. In birds, many species show female-biased dispersal, which is an effective inbreeding avoidance mechanism. In contrast, there is scarce evidence in birds for kin discriminative mate choice, which may, at least partly, reflect difficulties detecting it. First, kin discrimination may be realized
We have studied the degree of genetic variation at a variable Mhc class II beta gene in four populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar by using RFLPs. The class II beta gene encodes the part of the Mhc class II molecule that contains the antigen binding region and is therefore essential for disease resistance. There was extensive genetic variation in all four populations; the expected heterozygos
Noroviruses (formerly Norwalk-like viruses) are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide and are associated with a significant number of nosocomial and food-borne outbreaks. In this study we show that the human secretor FUT2 gene, which codes for an alpha(1,2)-fucosyltransferase synthesizing the H-type 1 antigen in saliva and mucosa, is associated with susceptibility to norovirus infection
Background: Pharmacodynamic studies of antibiotics have attracted great interest in recent years. However, studies on the pharmacodynamics of different antibiotics against Clostridium difficile are scarce. Methods: The postantibiotic effects (PAE) and the postantibiotic sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) effects (PA SME) of vancomycin, metronidazole and fusidic acid were investigated by vi
OBJECT: The aim is to describe the development of the scientific literature on dementia. METHODS: We present a quantitative, bibliometric study of the literature on dementia, based on Medline, covering 36 years (1974-2009). Two samples of references to dementia papers were retrieved: The main sample based on the MeSH term Dementia holds more than 88 500 references. We have compared the annual
Changes in soil texture, bulk density, pH, concentrations and stocks of OC, N, P and K before and after conversion of a 6-year-old Acacia senegal plantation to other land management systems (LMS) were investigated, after three cropping seasons, in the drylands of western Sudan. LMS included pure and intercropped sorghum (PS), roselle (PR) and grasses (PC) with A. senegal at high and low-tree densi
* The ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor has the largest genome of all fungi yet sequenced. The large genome size is partly a result of an expansion of gene family sizes. Among the largest gene families are protein kinases and RAS small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), which are key components of signal transduction pathways. * Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses were used to e
The ongoing climate change is not only a challenge for the environment but also for economic and social development. The continuing rise of consumption and production of natural resources that needs to be preserved is affecting the environment. The urbanization is contributing to a higher demand of commercial buildings and housing, this needs resources like building material which releases carbon
