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Background: Optimal manual closed chest compressions are difficult to give. A mechanical compression/ decompression device, named LUCAS, is programmed to give compression according to the latest international guidelines (2005) for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of the present study was to compare manual CPR with LUCAS-CPR. Methods: 30 kg pigs were anesthetized and intubated. After a
Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) is a glycoprotein synthesised in the liver. Its main role is to protect lung tissue from destruction by neutrophil elastase. In severe (PiZZ) AAT deficiency, there is an increased risk of emphysema, especially in smokers. The deficiency is caused by the retention and aggregation by polymerization of the AAT molecules in the liver, which increases the risk of neonatal chol
Virtual Reality and advanced, interactive simulators illustrate the potentials of modern technology for improving the ecological validity of learning experiments. Yet much more preliminary work is needed to appreciate how these growingly complex means can be utilized to promote high-order emotional and motivational constructs of the user, such as self-efficacy. Drawing from the frameworks of serio
Neutral Pb clusters in the size range from a few tens of atoms up to similar to 100 atoms are studied using synchrotron-based photoelectron spectroscopy. The electronic structure is seen to differ increasingly from that of the solid when the cluster size decreases. The valence band narrows gradually - down to about one fifth of the solid-state band width at the smallest size of few tens of atoms.
The high fat-fed mouse is an experimental model for studies of islet dysfunction as a mechanism for glucose intolerance and for evaluation of therapeutic targets. This model is, however, dynamic with a temporal and dietary fat content-dependent impact on islet function and glucose tolerance, the details of which are unknown. This study therefore examined the time course of changes in the insulin r
Objectives: To compare collagenase injections and surgery (fasciectomy) for Dupuytren's contracture (DC) regarding actual total direct treatment costs and short-term outcomes. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Orthopaedic department of a regional hospital in Sweden. Participants: Patients aged 65 years or older with previously untreated DC of 30 degrees or greater in the metacarpophalan
This study evaluated the sample sizes necessary to estimate several soil and vegetation characteristics within 10% confidence intervals with 95% probability in three terra firme tropical rainforest sites. Across all three plots, the most spatially heterogeneous variables were measurements of total standing crop root mass, ground surface litter mass, litter fall, root growth and soil respiration wh
The ground state properties of Mg-31 indicate a change of nuclear shape at N = 19 with a deformed J(pi) = 1/2(+) intruder state as a ground state, implying that Mg-31 is part of the "island of inversion". The collective properties of excited states were the subject of a Coulomb excitation experiment at REX-ISOLDE, CERN, employing a radioactive Mg-31 beam. De-excitation gamma-rays were detected by
The present Comite´ Europe´en de Normalisation (CEN) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards for safety, protective and occupational footwear EN ISO 20344–20347 classify footwear as cold protective by a pass/fail test where the limits are set for an allowed 10 °C temperature drop inside the footwear during 30 min at a temperature gradient of ~40 °C. It is questionable if
Laminar burning velocities of four biomass derived gases have been measured at atmospheric pressure over a range of equivalence ratios and hydrogen contents, using the heat flux method on a perforated flat flame burner. The studied gas mixtures include an air-blown gasification gas from an industrial gasification plant, a model gasification gas studied in the literature, and an upgraded landfill g
Background: As more people reach older age, there is a growing interest in improving old person's health, activity, independence and social participation, thereby adding quality to the extended years. Preventive home visits (PHV) programs for old people have received much attention in recent decades. A large body of research shows mixed effects, and argues that a home visit is a complex social pro
Popular Abstract in Swedish I vår egen tid finns ett stort intresse för släktforskning och historia hos många. Men man tänker sällan på att även människor i gångna tider kunnat blicka tillbaka på sitt förflutna och fundera på sin egen plats i släktleden. Vad var de ville minnas och hur mindes de i en tid utan skriv- och läskunnighet? Det är frågor som ställs i avhandlingen och där svaren söks i deThis thesis examine how farm-dwellers in the Mälaren region during the late Iron Age and early Middle Ages created, transferred, and preserved memory by deliberately placing new houses and graves on the houses and graves of previous generations. Focus is on memory as a social phenomenon and culture-specific resource created by these deliberate practices. The culture-specific element is oral cultur
Popular Abstract in Swedish I samband med 1990 års skattereform förändrades den allmänna inkomstskatten i grunden. Bl.a. infördes skilda skatteskalor för arbetsinkomster och kapitalinkomster. Inkomster som genereras av arbete beskattas progressivt med 45-75 % men avkastning av kapital proportionellt med 30 %. Allokering av inkomst till respektive inkomstkategori har därför stor betydelse i skattesSince the tax reform of 1990 the Swedish tax system separates earned income and capital income. On earned income such as "income from business" taxes and fees leads to a total margin tax burden that vary between 45 and 75 %. This margin effect can be compared to the 30 % proportional income tax on capital income. The allocation of income to earned income or capital income is therefore an important
Background & Aims: Human milk is believed to contain biological factors involved in the regulation of newborn growth, including brain development. Recently, it has also been shown to contain the calcium-binding S100B protein, regarded as a neurotrophic factor. The present study investigates the concentrations of this protein in colostrum, human milk at different levels of maturation and in mil
Increased nitrogen leaching from forest soils is a potential environmental problem in areas with high nitrogen deposition. In Sweden nitrogen is strongly retained in the forests, and high nitrogen leaching is not common from growing forests. However, soil water measurements on clearcuts along a deposition gradient in Sweden showed a positive correlation between increased concentration of inorganic
Glutathione peroxidase activity (GSHPx), total and soluble selenium in two muscles from five species were compared (chicken, duck, turkey, ostrich and lamb). The highest GSHPx activity, found in duck muscles (4.8 U/g; 3.0 U/g), was significantly higher than that in lamb (1.8 U/g; 1.4 U/g), turkey (1.2 U/g; 0.6 U/g), chicken (1.0 U/g; 0.7 U/g), and ostrich muscles (0.9 U/g; 0.8 U/g). GSHPx activiti
PURPOSE: A Swedish and Norwegian study was designed to examine health-related quality of life (HQL) in patients with head and neck cancer (head and neck) at diagnosis and during treatment and rehabilitation. The overall aim was to examine the impact on HQL at diagnosis depending on tumor location, stage, sex, and age (part I) and to describe HQL longitudinally and determine for which patients and
A large gravel pit 30 km north of the Pomeranian ice margin has been investigated. Besides gravel, sand, fines and diamicton, several deposits of organic material are present, some of them showing a typical Eemian Pollen- and macroflora. Previous interpretations assume that the sediments below the Eemian peat belong to the Saalian, and those above the peat to the Weichselian. Sorted sediments in t
Adaptation is essential in maintaining stability during balance-challenging situations. We studied, ill standing subjects with eyes open and closed, adaptive responses of the anteroposterior head, shoulder, hip and knee movements: gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior EMG activity and anteroposterior body Posture when proprioceptive information from the neck or calf muscles underwent vibratory pertu
A small-scale prototype of the CALIFA calorimeter, which is a subsystem of the R 3 B detector, has been constructed and tested using the 179 MeV proton beam at The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden. The prototype consists of 15 Csl(Tl) elements with a size of 10 x 30 x 130 mm(3), assembled in a 3 x 5 array. Each crystal was individually tested using gamma-ray sources and the light output unifor
