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Popular Abstract in Swedish Svensk populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Kvartärtidens avlagringar döljer mycket och detaljerad information om palaeoklimatet och de lämpar sig därför väl för att modellera palaeoklimatets förändringar. Inlandsisar är av avgörande betydelse för klimatet under kvartärtiden. Deras tillväxt och avsmältning beror till stor del på klimatiska faktorer, såsom temperatur, nedeThis thesis presents results from studies on geomorphology, lithostratigraphy and ice flow patterns during the final termination and deglaciation of the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet in NE Germany. Ice flow patterns derived from till fabrics and glaciotectonical data indicate that short-lived marginal domes had formed during the advance and the retreat of the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet in NE German

Popular Abstract in Swedish Studier av cystatin C's funktion in vitro och in vivo.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Forskning om stamceller har fått mycket uppmärksamhet de senaste åren. Mycket av intresset avspeglar möjligheten att använda denna typ av celler som en terapi för att bota olika sjukdomar. En stam cell från hjärnan är en cell som har förmåga att dela sig symmetriskt, varvid två kopior bildas eller asymmetriskt, vilket ger upphov till en ny stam cell samt en progenitorceIn the present thesis, we have examined the in vivo properties of in vitro expanded human and rat neural stem-and progenitor cells after transplantation into the neonatal and adult rat brain. The survival and differentiation of the grafted cells were assessed using species-specific antisera, and pre-labelling with the reporter gene green fluorescent protein (GFP). Long-term growth factor-expanded

Popular Abstract in Swedish Inflammatoriska ledsjukdomar, innefattande bl.a. ledgångsreumatism, reumatoid artrit, och ledinflammation vid psoriasis, psoriasisartrit, är vanliga. I västvärlden lider cirka 1 procent av den vuxna befolkningen av reumatoid artrit (RA) medan psoriasisartrit (PsoA) är mindre vanlig. Ett kännetecken för dessa sjukdomar är att de medför en risk att ledernas vävnader brytsThe pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritides include synovial inflammation and joint tissue destruction. Tissue destruction has traditionally been regarded a consequence of inflammation, but recent observations indicate that the processes are not always closely linked and may proceed uncoupled. The ultimate target organs for the destructive process are articular cartilage and bone. This thesis f

In the present thesis molecular genetic methods were used to address different biological and clinical aspects of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome-positive leukemias and the BCR and ABL genes. In the first study, children with Ph-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) were found to have essentially the same breakpoint locations in BCR as adults, a pattern which differs from the one seen in Ph-positiv

Popular Abstract in Swedish Pyrimidiner är DNA-byggstenar som är essentiella för cellens överlevnad och delning. I mänskliga celler finns pyrimidiner att tillgå antingen genom återupptag eller genom biosyntes (nysyntes). Biosyntesen av pyrimidiner sker i flera steg och i ett av dem spelar enzymet Dihydroorotat dehydrogenas (DHODH) en avgörande roll genom att katalysera en oxidationsreaktion. När cIn the first part of the PhD work, small chemical entities (fragments) found to inhibit human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), were chemically optimized. As part of an ample program at Active Biotech to find new drugs against autoimmune diseases, expanded fragments were repeatedly designed, synthesized and evaluated in a human DHODH assay. Potent inhibitors were identified within three classe

Popular Abstract in Swedish Atmosfäriskt nedfall är den största källan till miljögiftet PCB i sötvatten. I flertalet vattendrag, exempelvis Emån, fungererar också sediment som en källa. Ett pappersbruk i anslutning till Emån hade använt returpapper som innehöll PCB som råvara. PCB följde med utsläppen till ån och lagrades in i sedimenten. Miljögiftet läckte sedan ut långsamt till vattnet. Största Atmospheric deposition is one source of persistent pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in aquatic environments. Other point sources can also contribute to the PCB loadings in the water. In the Emån River, in southeast Sweden, contaminated sediment was a source of PCB, the largest deposits of it being found in a small lake connected with the river, Lake Järnsjön, the sediment of it c

Popular Abstract in Swedish Under 9 år (1989-1997) studerades individuellt märkta mindre hackspettar i ett undersökningsområde i södra Smålands ädellövskogar. De flesta studierna gjordes i 17 potentiella revir, vilka undersöktes årligen. Följningar av hackspettar försedda med radiosändare visade att fåglarna rörde sig inom ett, i medeltal, 742 ha stort hemområde under vintern. Under häckningstideOver 9 years, 116 breeding attempts made by individually marked lesser spotted woodpeckers (Dendrocopos minor) were followed in a study area in southern Sweden. The home-range area decreased from on average 742 ha in winter to a defended territory of 103 ha prior to breeding and 43 ha during nesting. The annual timing of the breeding varied between years but was each year synchronized with the bu

Popular Abstract in Swedish Alla celler behöver energi och de skaffar den på olika sätt, t. ex. från oxidering av mat eller från solljus. Adenosin trifosfat (ATP), som kallas för cellens energivaluta, kan dock inte syntetiseras direkt från mat eller ljus. Nästan alla organismer utnyttjar proteinkomplex i form av en andningskedja som sitter i membranet för att alstra en proton potential. Det kan liComplex I is the mitochondrial enzyme complex that oxidizes NADH produced in the citric acid cycle and reduces quinone in the membrane, coupled to proton pumping out of the mitochondrial matrix, creating a membrane potential. This process generates about 40% of the energy used by living organisms. High-resolution structures of complex I recently became available, but the molecular mechanism behind

Technology transfer is important to understand how knowledge is transformed to economic value. Applying a case study approach, this thesis investigates the technology transfer efforts from the University of Dar Es Salaam to indigenous informal SMEs in Tanzania and examines the impact of one of their technology transfer mechanisms on the specific technological capabilities that were acquired at the

This thesis presents two new technologies, SIRE technology based biosensors and magneto immunoassays, which can be used for bioanalytical applications. One of the main problems associated with biosensor technology is the instability of the recognition element since it is of biological origin and thus, has a limited lifetime. Conventionally, this problem has been solved by immobilizing the biologic

Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) are surrogate measures of central adiposity that are associated with adverse cardiovascular events, type 2 diabetes and cancer independent of body mass index (BMI). WC and WHR are highly heritable with multiple susceptibility loci identified to date. We assessed the association between SNPs and BMI-adjusted WC and WHR and unadjusted WC in up to

The barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mutants fch2 and clo-f2 comprise an allelic group of 14 Chl b-deficient lines. The genetic map position of fch2 corresponds to the physical map position of the gene encoding chlorophyllide a oxygenase. This enzyme converts chlorophyllide a to chlorophyllide b and it is essential for Chl b biosynthesis. The fch2 and clo-f2 barley lines were shown to be mutated in the

Aims Biogeographical evidence suggests a strong link between climate and patterns of species diversity, and climate change is known to cause range shifts. However, there is little understanding of how shifts affect community composition and we lack empirical evidence of recent impacts of climate change on the diversity of vertebrates. Using a long-term comprehensive dataset on bird abundance, we e

Lake sediments from the Magherus, Valley in the lowlands of northern Transylvania provide new evidence of paleoenvironmental development in Romania during the Late Glacial. The studied sediments were deposited as a result of the damming of a small river valley following a series of mass wasting events that occurred during the deglaciation period. A continuous sedimentary sequence belonging to the

Immunotherapy with intratumoral injection of adenoviral vectors expressing CD40L has yielded positive results in experimental and clinical bladder cancer. We therefore hypothesized that anti-CD40 antibody would be effective in this setting. Agonistic CD40 antibodies were developed as vaccine adjuvants but have later been used as treatment of advanced solid tumors and hematologic cancers. Systemic

In the in vitro motility assay, actin filaments are propelled by surface-adsorbed myosin motors, or rather, myosin motor fragments such as heavy meromyosin (HMM). Recently, efforts have been made to develop actomyosin powered nanodevices on the basis of this assay but such developments are hampered by limited understanding of the HMM adsorption geometry. Therefore, we here investigate the HMM adso