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Popular Abstract in Swedish Xantofyll cykeln, dens enzym, pigment och regleringThe xanthophyll cycle involves the light-dependent and reversible conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin. Zeaxanthin has been implicated in the protection of the photosynthetic machinery from over-excitation. The enzyme violaxanthin de-epoxidase catalyses the conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin. The enzyme is located in the thylakoid lumen and its activity is strictly pH controlled. Apart f
Popular Abstract in Swedish Sjukskrivning, huvudsakligen relaterad till muskuloskelettala besvär, har ökat i Sverige, framförallt bland kvinnor. Prevalensen besvär i nacke, skuldra och rygg är högre för sjukvårdsbiträden/undersköterskor i jämförelse med anställda inom andra yrken. Det övergripande syftet med föreliggande avhandling var att få ökade kunskaper om mätmetoder, riskfaktorer för framtidThe overall aim of this thesis was to gain further knowledge of the assessments, predictors of future sick leave and intervention with regard to early prevention of neck, shoulder and back disorders in nursing aides/assistant nurses working in the home-care service. In Paper I, 15 clinical tests on impairment level related to the low back, were examined for intra- and inter-rater reliability on 1
The main objective of this ethnological thesis is to investigate the linkage between everyday life with a genetic disease and intrinsic patterns of modernity. The thesis is a compilation thesis that contains four individual articles each addressing the everyday experience of a genetic disease from different angles, with different research questions and theoretical presumptions. Each of the four ar
I have briefly outlined different levels of scale in the discussion of centre–periphery, from a local to a more global perspective. I have tried to show that the concepts of centre and periphery cannot be applied without qualification. Different realities are concealed behind them. The common factor is nevertheless that they signal some kind of contacts, in the form of giving and taking, of power,
The thesis Housing Culture, Information Flows, and Craftsmen 1740-1820 (Bostadskultur, informationsflöden och hantverkare 1740-1820) investigates two mansion houses – Bålby in Närke and Skottsbergska gården in Karlshamn – with the focus on craftsmen and their clients. This is in order to analyse the relationship between professional craftsmen in the capital and in other regions. The clients have a
Popular Abstract in Swedish Undervisning ställer stora krav på lärares röster. Rösten behövs som ett pedagogiskt verktyg, i kommunikation med eleverna, i allt ifrån högläsning till instruktioner i idrottshallen. I en studie från 1996 beskrev Fritzell (1996) att lärare är överrepresenterade i väntrummen på röstmottagningarna. Flera studier om förekomsten av röstproblem hos lärare har genomförts i oTeachers have high occupational voice demands and is a group frequently presented at voice clinics. Little is known about the teachers’ own view of the contribution from the environment and about the teachers’ voice use at their work-place. The purpose of the present thesis was ; to develop and assess a self-rating instrument for the rating of throat-related problems in relation to voice, to inve
Popular Abstract in Swedish Intresset för biobränsle som en alternativ energiresurs har ökat eftersom utsläppen av CO2, NOx och SO2 bör sänkas. Användningen av biobränsle i en trycksatt fluidiserad bädd förbrännare/förgasare är därför en teknik som är lovande. En fluidiserad bädd har en rad fördelar såsom effektiv värmeöverföring, bränsleflexibilitet och låg förbränningstemperatur. Trots sina fördIncreasing awareness of the need of reducing CO2, NOx and SOx emissions from combustion systems has led to a strong interest in biomass as a fuel source. Using it in combination with fluidised bed combustion technology can lead to a lowering of NOx emissions to the atmosphere. However, this is not a problem-free technique, since the flue gas can contain ammonia, NOx and tar. The fluidised bed can
This thesis comprises five papers discussing two case studies – the mega-event World Championships in Athletics 1995 in Göteborg and the regional festival Storsjöyran in Östersund, Sweden. The study adopts an organisational-theoretical perspective and focus on both intra- and interorganisational aspects of the marketing work. The purpose is to understand the structure and the processes of the orga
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid många industriella processer bildas olika typer av biprodukter, som kan vara mer eller mindre giftiga. En ovarsam hantering av de giftiga ämnena, eller en olycka, kan lätt leda till att den omgivande miljön blir förorenad. Förr, när man var mindre medveten om riskerna med de här ämnena hamnade de ofta i marken kring anläggningarna. Det har resulterat i många förorenBioremediation of soils is considered a low-cost alternative to other remediation techniques. Its ability to remove a number of different pollutants has been demonstrated, relying mainly on the activities of indigenous soil bacteria. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered major environmental pollutants in soil, some of them being toxic and others carcinogenic. Since high-molecu
The effect of hydrogen enrichment to natural gas flames was experimentally investigated at atmospheric pressure conditions using flame chemiluminescence imaging, planar laser-induced fluorescence of hydroxyl radicals (OH PLIF) and dynamic pressure monitoring. The experiments were performed using a 3rd generation dry low emission (DLE) burner used in both SGT-700 and SGT-800 industrial gas turbines
Popular Abstract in Swedish Patienternas perspektiv på att vara IVA patient i relation till IVA syndrom/delirium Att intensivvårdspatienter (IVA patienter) som vårdats med respirator inte minns sin tid på IVA är en myt. Det finns patienter som inte minns , men de flesta patienterna i avhandlingen minns från uppvaknandet och borttagandet av droger och respiratorn sin tid de närmaste dagarna däreftWhen a person becomes critically ill, injured and/or undergoes major surgery and requires intensive care, a complex dilemma can arise. The condition of the illness, the specific caring situation and the environment lead to significant changes and effects in the senses and perceptional abilities. Under these conditions some patients can develop symptoms of the Intensive Care Unit syndrome/delirium.
Objective: To investigate whether intermittent short-term courses of penicillin V (PcV) administered as intermittent prophylaxis against acute otitis media (AOM) during upper respiratory tract infections altered the nasopharyngeal bacterial. flora and/or its susceptibility to penicillin. Methods: In a double blind, placebo controlled study 70 children (30 in the PcV group and 40 in the placebo gro
Hypoglycaemia is presumed to be the cause of death in about 3% of insulin-treated diabetic patients. Some of these patients suffer from hypoglycaemic brain damage, but the majority have no evident brain damage and are supposed to have died from other causes such as a cardiac arrhythmia. The putative mechanism is a hypoglycaemia-induced prolongation of the QT interval which increases the risk of ma
Ferrochelatase is the terminal enzyme in haem biosynthesis, i.e. the enzyme that inserts a ferrous ion into the porphyrin ring. Suggested reaction mechanisms for this enzyme involve a distortion of the porphyrin ring when it is bound to the enzyme. We have examined the energetics of such distortions using various theoretical calculations. With the density functional B3LYP method we calculate how m
We previously reported that injury-induced medial vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and neointima formation in carotid arteries of inducible nitric oxide synthase knockout ( iNOS KO) mice were significantly reduced compared with wild type (WT). However, the molecular pathway underlying such differences is not known. In this in vitro study, we discovered that the AP-1/Ref-1/thioredox
BACKGROUND: Global haemostatic tests are often abnormal in critically ill patients, secondary to activation or consumption of coagulation factors or inhibitors. Methods for analysing plasma levels of these factors are, however, not widely available, and the predictive value of global tests is not known. We examined the clinical applicability to predict the outcome of the global haemostatic tests u
OBJECTIVE--To investigate whether a lack of glutathione-S-transferase mu (GSTM1) activity was related to an increased risk for adverse outcome after asbestos exposure. METHODS--A study was made of 78 male former asbestos cement workers, with retrospective cohort data on exposure, radiographical findings, and lung function. Venous blood samples were obtained for the analysis of GSTM1 polymorphism b
The quality and quantity of UV measurements have increased greatly in the last few years. Variations among measurements from different instruments are diminishing toward the 5% level. Long-term trend detection is still a problem, with little historical data available for baseline estimations. Enhanced UV levels are clearly associated with the Antarctic springtime ozone reductions. Measurements sho
PURPOSEHuman papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infection is causing an increasing number of oropharyngeal cancers in the United States and Europe. The aim of our study was to investigate whether HPV antibodies are associated with head and neck cancer risk when measured in prediagnostic sera. METHODSWe identified 638 participants with incident head and neck cancers (patients; 180 oral cancers, 135 oro
Secondary metabolites produced by fungi and bacteria are among the potential agents that contribute to adverse health effects observed in occupants of buildings affected by moisture damage, dampness and associated microbial growth. However, few attempts have been made to assess the occurrence of these compounds in relation to moisture damage and dampness in buildings. This study conducted in the c
