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Transplants of fetal midbrain raphe neurons into the adult brain have been shown to promote recovery of complex behavioral deficits in several experimental models, but the mechanisms underlying these effects are only partially understood. In the present study, we have used a well-characterized model system to ascertain whether midbrain raphe graft can display behaviorally relevant changes in trans
Agricultural landscapes are characterised by dynamic crop mosaics changing in composition and configuration over space and time. Although semi-natural habitat has been often shown to contribute to pest biological control, the effects of increasing landscape heterogeneity with cropland have been disregarded. Here, we examine how cereal aphids, their enemies and biological control are affected by th
The possibility of using radio over fiber (RoF) analog transmissions to characterize the wireless propagation channel of distributed antenna systems is investigated. In particular, the coherence time of kilometer-long, fiber-based networks is analyzed. Joint measurements of the phase noise of parallel links to the same site (intra-site) and to different sites (inter-site) in such a network are pre
Background. Anaemia in haemodialysis patients can be effectively treated with erythropoietin. We investigated whether subcutaneous (SC) epoetin β administered once weekly was as effective as the same weekly dosage given in two to three divided doses. Methods. One hundred and fifty-eight patients (delivered Kt/V >1.0, where K=dialyser-renal urea clearance, t=dialysis time and V=filtration volume, o
Background: In 2014 the Swedish government assigned to The Public Health Agency of Sweden to conduct studies to evaluate optimal use of existing antibiotic agents. The aim is to optimize drug use and dosing regimens to improve the clinical efficacy. The present study was selected following a structured prioritizing process by independent experts. Methods: This phase IV study is a randomized, open-
Den allmänna rösträtten har genom historien varit något som människor be-hövt kämpa för. Idag kan man tycka att det ska vara en självklarhet att alla människor är berättigade lika och allmän rösträtt, men så har fallet långt ifrån alltid varit. Så sent som 1965 såg man till att alla svarta medborgare i USA tilläts utöva sin rätt att rösta. I Sverige, Storbritannien och USA finns det många likhetUniversal suffrage has throughout history been something people have had to fight for. Today, it may seem self-evident that all people are equally entitled to universal suffrage, but this has far from always been the case. As recently as 1965, measures were taken to ensure that all Black citizens in the United States were allowed to exercise their right to vote. In Sweden, Great Britain, and the
Denna examensuppsats undersöker den rättshistoriska utvecklingen av det svenska statliga detaljhandelsmonopolet för alkohol med fokus på hur inskränkningar i näringsfriheten och köprätten reglerats och motiverats från framförallt 1850-talet fram till idag. Uppsatsen analyserar de bakomliggande politiska resonemangen och hur dessa har skiftat i takt med samhällets förändringar, från tidig moralisk This thesis examines the legal history of the Swedish state monopoly on alcohol retail, focusing on how restrictions on freedom of trade and purchasing rights have been regulated and justified, primarily from the 1850s to the present day. The thesis analyzes the underlying political reasoning and how this has shifted in line with changes in society, from early moral education to modern public heal
Subject motion and eddy-current distortions represent significant challenges in diffusion MRI, particularly for clinical protocols utilizing "half-sphere" sampling. While the current gold standard, FSL’s eddy, employs Gaussian Process (GP) predictions to correct these artifacts, its performance can degrade under specific acquisition constraints, most notably when sampling lacks antipodal
Fåmansföretagsreglernas grundläggande syfte är att förhindra att fåmansägare omvandlar inkomster som bör beskattas i inkomstslaget tjänst, till kapitalinkomster för att på så vis minska sin skatt. Givet att fåmansägaren uppfyller de förutsättningar för att beskattas i enlighet med 57 kap. IL, så kommer dennes inkomster därför schablonbeskattas. Det finns undantag till nu nämnda regler. Ett undantaThe main purpose for the rules regulating closely held companies is to prevent the owners of such companies from converting income that would be taxed in the higher wage-related income category into the lower capital income in order to reduce their tax liability. If the owners of a closely held company satisfies the conditions for taxation in accordance with Sweden’s Chapter 57 Act on Income Taxat
Beskattning är en central fråga för många företag. För att uppnå en jämnare företagsbeskattning över tid finns det möjligheter för företag att spara under-skott och genomföra underskottsavdrag vid ett senare tillfälle. Det saknas tidsbegränsningar för hur länge ett underskott kan vara ackumulerat vid oför-ändrad ägarstruktur. Om det däremot sker en ägarförändring kan den så kal-lade beloppsspärrenTaxation is a central issue for many businesses. To even out corporate tax payments, it is possible for companies to carry forward losses and make loss deductions in later financial periods. There is no time constraint on how long such a deficit can accumulate if the ownership structure remains unchanged. However, if there is a change in the ownership structure a threshold may be activated and, if
Research suggests that polyphenols, such as anthocyanins, that are found in considerable amounts in many types of berries, contributes with a positive effect on human cognition. However, clinical trials are warranted to support these findings. Preparation for such a trial includes developing a berry-rich study product and a corresponding reference beverage. Phenolic compounds are highly unstable a
Cycling as mode of transport can be seen as a sustainable and active mode of travel that can be part of the solution for climate change and urban congestion. Many cities in Europe are now investing in cycling to reduce their carbon emissions and make their spaces more liveable and accessible. Some cities have arguably already achieved an advanced cycling culture where cycling is normalised and wov
This study comprehensively evaluated the global warming potential of an office building in a newly built Scandinavian neighbourhood seeking to reach sustainability. The primary objective of the research was to support the city authorities of Helsingborg by providing valuable insights into actual carbon emissions at the building level and proposing measures to minimize these emissions to achieve cl
HD 129590 is a stellar system with a directly imaged debris disk located in the Scorpius–Centaurus association, approximately 420 light years away. With an estimated age of 15 Myr, young systems like HD 129590 have been ideal for studying the development and evolution of exocomets and planetary disks at early epochs of star formation, at a time when such structures are just emerging. Consequently,
The clinical evaluation of regional delays in myocardial motion (myocardial asynchrony) has proved problematic, yet it remains an important functional parameter to evaluate. Prior attempts to quantify regional asynergy have met with limited success, often thwarted by the low temporal resolution of imaging-system data acquisition. If a delay in onset of motion of 30-40 msec is clinically important
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Several pathologic processes might contribute to the degeneration of the cholinergic system in aging. We aimed to determine the contribution of amyloid, tau, and cerebrovascular biomarkers toward the degeneration of cholinergic white matter (WM) projections in cognitively unimpaired individuals. METHODS: The contribution of amyloid and tau pathology was assessed through
Background: The implementation of screening programmes in Sweden during the mid-1990s increased the number of small node-negative breast cancers. In this era before staging by sentinel node biopsy, routine axillary dissection for staging of early breast cancer was questioned owing to the increased morbidity and lack of perceived benefit. The long-term risk of axillary recurrence when axillary stag
Renewable diesel fuels have the potential to reduce net CO2 emissions, and simultaneously decrease particulate matter (PM) emissions. This study characterized engine-out PM emissions and PM-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation potential. Emissions from a modern heavy-duty diesel engine without external aftertreatment devices, and fueled with petroleum diesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil
Introduction Children with appendicitis often present with complicated disease. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical management of pediatric appendicitis, and to report how disease severity and operative modality are associated with short- and long-term risks of adverse outcome. Materials and Methods A nationwide retrospective cohort study of all Swedish children (<18 years) diagnose
Objective: The long-term outcome after repair of complete atrioventricular septal defect in young infants is still not fully understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate data after repair for complete atrioventricular septal defect over a 25-year period to assess survival and identify risk factors for left atrioventricular valve–related reoperations. Methods: A total of 304 consecutive
