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Den svenska sexualbrottslagstiftningen har genomgått stora förändringar över åren. Våldtäktsbestämmelsen har på olika sätt utvidgats och tvångskravet har sänkts med tiden. Syftet har delvis varit att förstärka och tydliggöra rätten till sexuellt självbestämmande och sexuell integritet. Detta är två begrepp som har varit återkommande i sexualbrottslagstiftningen under senare år. Trots detta har tvåThe Swedish legislation on sexual offences has been subject to major changes over the years. The provision of rape has in various ways been extended and the coercion requirement has been reduced over time. The purpose of the changes has partly been to strengthen and clarify the sexual integrity and self-determination – two concepts that have been recurring in the legislation on sexual offences in

Vittnesmål utgör idag ett viktigt förfarande i rättsprocessen. Vittnesuppgifter är viktiga för att myndigheterna ska få kännedom om brott och är dessutom viktiga bevismedel i rättegång. Under de senaste åren har hot och våld mot vittnen ökat vilket skapat en rättsotrygghet för vittnen. En möjlig lösning för att öka tryggheten för vittnen som diskuterats de senaste 30 åren är införandet av anonyma Testimonies are an important part of the judicial process. Testimonies are important in order to create awareness of crimes for authorities, and are also important evidence in court proceedings. During the last years, threats and violence against witnesses have increased, which has led to an insecurity among witnesses. A possible solution that has been discussed for the last 30 years is the possib

Hedersbegreppet finns på något sätt inom alla kulturer. Mot slutet av 1990-talet uppmärksammades hedersproblematiken runt om i västvärlden. I början av 2000-talet slog Sverige av hedersproblematiken, när tre flickor mördades. Alla tre flickor hade träffat svenska killar som de börjat umgås med, något som familjen och släkten ansåg hade skämt ut familjen och som resulterade i att de mördades. UppsaThe concept of honor exists in some way within all cultures. Towards the end of the 1990s, the issue of honor was recognized throughout the western world. In the early 2000s, Sweden was confronted with the subject, when three girls were murdered. All three girls had met Swedish guys whom they had started to socialize with, something that the family considered to have brought the family shame and w

Background Kenya is facing social and economic problems related to the high unemployment rate the country has suffered since independence. The Kenyan government are placing a lot, if not all, eggs in one basket and betting on entrepreneurship to solve these problem. For entrepreneurship to thrive there needs to be an ecosystem facilitating it and inherent in this ecosystem are support organisation

Detta examensarbete är inspirerat av den slöjdebatt som sker i Sverige idag, angående huruvida ett slöjförbud bör införas i den svenska för- och grundskolan. Arbetet intar ett straffrättsligt perspektiv på frågan och undersöker hur argumenten som framförs av politiska förespråkare, i ett par utvalda motioner, förhåller sig till Nils Jareborgs och Claes Lernestedts kriminalrättsliga grundprinciper.This essay is inspired by the debate in Sweden today, about whether a ban on veiling should be introduced in the Swedish preschools and elementary schools. With a criminal-law perspective, this essay examines motions filed by political advocates for a ban and evaluates the compatibility of their arguments to Nils Jareborg's and Claes Lernestedt's criminalization principles. Simultaneously,

Uppsatsens syfte är att utreda om Sveriges införande av det ekonomiska arbetsgivarbegreppet ger önskad effekt. Syftet med begreppets inkorporering i lagstiftningen är att skapa konkurrensneutrala regler där företag inte ska anställa på grund av skatteregler utan på affärsmässiga grunder. Begreppet är sedan tidigare känt på global nivå och innebär att arbetstagare inte bara har sin legala arbetsgivThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether Sweden's introduction of the economic employer concept have had the desired effect. The purpose of the concept's incorporation into legislation is to create competition - neutral rules where companies are not to be employed due to tax rules but on commercial grounds. The concept is already known on a global level and means that employees

Besides bone marrow, the kidneys are often dose-limiting organs in internal radiotherapy. The effects of high-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation on the kidneys after alpha-radioimmunotherapy (alpha-RIT) with the alpha-particle emitter, At-211, were studied in nude mice by serial measurements of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The renal toxicity was evaluated at levels close to the dose l

Photosynthesis is performed by a multitude of organisms, but in P nearly all cases, it is variations on a common theme: absorption of light followed by energy transfer to a reaction center where charge separation takes place, This initial form of chemical energy is stabilized by the biosynthesis of carbohydrates. To produce these energy-rich products, a substrate is needed that feeds in reductive

We review the ecology and distributions of the chafers Liocola marmorata (F.), Gnorimus nobilis (L.) and Gnorimus variabilis (L.) in Sweden based on museum and several large private collections. These species live in hollow deciduous trees, in Sweden especially in oaks. The former and recently documented localities are shown on maps. More than 100 years ago, all the species as well as their habita

Background Multiple sclerosis ( MS) is a common disease with considerable risk for disability. Optic neuritis ( ON) is a common first symptom of MS but it can also remain an isolated episode. Therefore, predicting the outcome of ON has gained in importance, particularly in light of current discussions of early disease modifying treatments in individuals at risk of developing MS. We reported previo

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund Denna studie är en undersökning av barns musikskapande med synthesizer och dator. I studien deltog nio barn i åttaårsåldern. Musik utgör en viktig del i barns och ungdomars vardag och den stora exponering för musik som sker i vårt samhälle innebär att ingen är någon musikalisk nybörjare. Det är väl känt att barn kan skapa musik på egen hand, mest är det dock bToday’s children live in a world where music in all its different forms has become a significant factor in their everyday life. From earlier research we know that young children are able to create music by singing and using musical instruments. The present study was undertaken with eight-year-old children in school year 2 in order to investigate the children’s composing and composition processes u

Popular Abstract in Swedish Medborgarlön - ett statligt bidrag som ges till alla medborgare utan inkomst- eller behovsprövning - har varit flitigt diskuterat inom akademiska kretsar under senare år. Bland argumenten för medborgarlön återfinns att det antas ge ett erkännande åt obetalt arbete inom hemmet, en mer jämlik fördelning av lönearbete genom att uppmuntra deltidsarbete, leda till minskad ofBasic income - an income granted by the government to each full member of society without means tests or work requirements - has been a widely discussed subject among academics in recent years. However, basic income has not, in most cases, reached the formal political agenda. The main aim of this book is to discuss why this is the case, with Sweden as the focus of the discussion. The aim is also t

Existing pick and place robots are either heavy or have a limited workspace for vertical operations. Since there is no robot today that are both light and have a good vertical workspace, this leads to a gap in the market. With the use of the laws of physics Cognibotics is trying to fill these gaps in the market, by developing new fast and lightweight robots. These new robots are designed to have a

ESG and sustainability is a subject that has become very topical in recent years and gained a greater place in the public debate. The subject has had a major impact in many different sectors of the Swedish industry and companies have become more aware of their impact on the environment. The focus has moved from only including the environmental impact to also including social sustainability and goo

Tvångsvård kan enligt lagen (1990:52) med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga, LVU, beredas barn och unga antingen på grund av miljöfallen i 2 § LVU, eller förutsättningar kopplade till den unges eget beteende i 3 § LVU. Uppsatsen fokuserar på 2 § LVU och syftar till att undersöka vilken rätt barn har att höras och berätta om sina hemförhållanden i mål om tvångsvård enligt 2 § LVU samt hur barnCompulsory care may, under the Care of Young Persons (Special Provisions) Act, LVU, be provided to children and young people either due to environmental conditions under Section 2 or factors related to the young person’s own behavior under Section 3. This thesis focuses on Section 2 and examines children’s right to be heard and to describe their home circumstances in such cases, as well as how the

The Swedish legislation regulates that food producers provide safe food from a microbiological perspective. One way to ensure the foods´ quality, is to control the microbiological levels by combining the measures of different time durations and temperatures during cooking. The elimination of microorganisms in food depends on both temperature and time. The higher the temperature, the shorter the ti

In the last decade, there has been a substantial shift from actively managed funds to funds with passive investment strategies. This shift was also observed by Shleifer (1986), who identified that passive investment funds began to significantly increase their ownership of the S&P 500 in the period between 1975 and 1983. As the ownership of the stock market increased as the number of index fund

Genom Europarättens inflytande har domstolarnas konstitutionella ställning i Sverige stärkts i flera viktiga avseenden. Europarätten har inneburit en ny rättsordning att förhålla sig till i vilken domstolarna har en central roll. Det gäller både genomförandet av EU-rätten och bevakningen av rättighetsskyddet enligt Europakonventionen. Det har lett till en utvidgning av rätten till domstolsprövningThe constitutional position of the courts in Sweden have increased in a significant way through the influence of the European law. The European law have established a new legal order in which the court have a vital role. That includes both the implementation of EU law and the monitoring of the European Convention on Human Rights. This have led to an increased right to judicial review, which have c

Taurine, an amino sulfonic acid abundant in seafood and meat, has been proposed to have a potential role in the prevention of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the association between dietary taurine intake and MASLD remains unclear in human populations. Also, data on dietary taurine intake among adult

The general aim of the thesis was to contribute to a more evidenced based framework in the surgical treatment of diseases in the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), by comparing outcome, measured by complication and survival rates, and evaluate different reconstructions regarding long-term symptoms and quality of life (QoL). The GEJ is a poorly defined anatomic area that represents the lower part of