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This study tests whether the rise of free trade agreements (FTAs) in East Asia since 2000 has been an attempt to manage the growing complexity of trade both between members of that region and each other, as well as between them and the rest of the world. The study uses a measure of dependency based on GDP, as well as a measure of intraindustry trade as indicators. Descriptive statistics showed tha
Globalization is one of the most popular catchphrases in the international relations debate today. Globalization is a complex concept with as many definitions as authors. National borders or jurisdictions do not control the phenomenon, instead, it is moving without restraints from region to region. Is this a threat to the sovereignty of nation-state and an end of the system of Westphalia? Does the
This thesis investigates the role states play in promoting and directing a country’s development. More specifically, it is examined, which factors determine differences in state performance and why different types of states form. This is done through a comparative case study of Botswana and Zambia, two southern African countries that after a similar start into independence developed very different
In a globalized world where power-relations are changing, the need to reformulate the framework of global trade and trade-liberalization to be more conducive for development has been increasingly recognized in trade and development forums. This has resulted in increased donor focus on trade related development assistance and the moral justifications of trade-relations. This thesis set out to quest
Fragmentbaserad läkemedelsutveckling (FBDD) har på senare tid utvecklats som en lovande alternativ metod för att identifiera svåråtkomliga bindningsställen, såsom små fickor eller allosteriska säten. Weak affinity chromatography (WAC™) är en FBDD-metod där dissociationskonstanten kan beräknas genom att jämföra retentionstiden på en proteinkolonn med en referenskolonn. Målet med projektet är att möFragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) has in recent years emerged as an interesting method to target challenging binding sites, such as allosteric sites or small pockets. Weak Affinity Chromatography (WAC™) is a FBDD technology where dissociation constants of injected compounds are determined by comparing retention times between a protein column to a reference column. The goal of this project was t
In the thesis I begin with trying to clarify how we have understood our working time until today and how we ended up like we did, by looking back at the history of working hours and how people have evaluated and looked upon their time use historically. In the next chapter I try to answer whether or not we could shorten our working hours with a maintained, or even increased, quality of life, turnin
The aim of this report was the presentation of a falciparum malaria case originated from Mozambique and the evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Sixty years old Canadian male patient who has been working in Mozambique for 13 years was admitted to hospital with the complaints of high fever (39.6 degrees C), weakness, nausea and vomiting, when returned to Turkey. The patient was slee
Immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozym 435) was effective in the synthesis of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). The transesterification of L-α-glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC) and vinyl laurate was carried out in a solvent free system or in the presence of 50% (v/v) t- butanol. High conversions (>95%) were easily achieved. The lipase was selective for the sn-1 position of the glyc
The increasing attention on halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) stems from their outstanding optoelectronic properties, especially the intriguing photoluminescence (PL) features. The high photoluminescence quantum yields (up to unity) of PNCs, and the tunability of their optical bandgaps by composition engineering and quantum confinement effects, account for the demonstrated great potential in s
Background: Parents face mental health challenges following their child's cancer diagnosis. However, it is unknown whether parental mental illness following a childhood cancer diagnosis influences the child's mortality.Patients and methods: Using several nationwide registers in Sweden, we identified children diagnosed with cancer between ages 0 to 14 from 2005 to 2016. Parental mental illness was
Strenuous physical activity can negatively affect constitutive innate immune function (CIF), the always present first line of defence against pathogens. CIF is non-specific, and thus vital when encountering novel pathogens. A lowered CIF likely increases the risk of infection and disease. Migratory birds engage in truly extreme physical activity during their endurance flights, however, little is k
Problem Statement: Make the order handling process as well as the purchasing process more efficient by constructing a loading application for transport of mixed goods in containers and trailers and to put that application in a wider packaging logistic perspective by analysing the effects of an implementation of this application. Purpose: To simplify the order handling process and the purchasi
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable disease characterized by frequent relapses and a need for multiple treatments, often progresses to a relapse/refractory status resistant to all available drugs and drug classes. Bispecific antibodies, specifically BCMA T-cell engagers, have emerged as effective treatments for MM, demonstrating impressive efficacy. However, these treatments can advers
Joint modeling of diffusion and relaxation has seen growing interest due to its potential to provide complementary information about tissue microstructure. For brain white matter (WM), we designed an optimal diffusion-relaxometry MRI protocol that samples multiple b-values, B-tensor shapes, and echo times (TE). This variable-TE protocol (27 min) has as subsets a fixed-TE protocol (15 min) and a tw
Inducible defences allow prey to increase survival chances when predators are present while avoiding unnecessary costs in their absence. Many studies report considerable inter-individual variation in inducible defence expression, yet what underlies this variation is poorly understood. A classic vertebrate example of a predator-induced morphological defence is the increased body depth in crucian ca
We investigate various performance indicators of ten leading journals in the field of Agricultural Economics and Policy over the period from 2000 to 2020. More specifically, we combine various data sources to derive a coherent record of indicators including acceptance rates, times between submission and first response and impact factors. We show that, for the discipline at large, the turn-around t
There is an increasing interest in landscape-scale perspectives of ecosystem functioning to inform policy and conservation decisions. However, we need a better understanding of the stability of ecosystem functioning (e.g. plant productivity) at the landscape scale to inform policy around topics such as global food security. We investigate the role of the ecological and environmental context on lan
Neutron tomography has emerged as a promising imaging technique for specific applications in bone research. Neutrons have a strong interaction with hydrogen, which is abundant in biological tissues, and they can penetrate through dense materials such as metallic implants. However, in addition to long imaging times, two factors have led to challenges in running in situ mechanical characterization e
