Filtyp
This thesis examines genetic variation in allotetraploids of the Dactylorhiza incarnata/maculata polyploid complex in different parts of Europe. The molecular markers used were AFLPs, allozymes, ITS, nuclear microsatellites and plastid DNA markers. The results showed that the Alps and Greece have served as refugia for the genus during Pleistocene glaciations. Immigration routes of D. majalis ssp.
Reconstruction of movement control properties of the brain could result in many potential advantages for application in robotics. However, a hampering factor so far has been the lack of knowledge of the structure and function of brain circuitry in vivo during movement control. Much more detailed information has recently become available for the area of the cerebellum that controls arm-hand movemen
The studies presented in this thesis concern hydronic space heating systems connected via heat exchangers to a district heating network: referred to as an indirect connection. The objective has been to improve the reliability of district heat supplies and to lower the return temperature from consumer substations. Two of the disadvantages of an indirect connection have been addressed: the thermodyn
In dense deployments, the performance of IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) depends on the development of efficient contention resolution mechanisms since the collision probability can be high even with low number of users with the current 802.11 MAC mechanism. Also, the current 802.11 MAC is not opportunistic in the sense that it does not consider channel quality and traffic load of
The aim of this study was to investigate torso cooling benefit of various PCM vests in a simulated warm environment (Ta= 34 °C, RH=56 %, Va=0.4 m/s). A pre-wetted cotton torso fabric skin was used to simulate sweating on a thermal manikin (Tmanikin=34 °C). Six conditions were tested: nude fabric skin (Fabric Skin), Vest A without (VA) and with frozen gels with a melting temperature (Tm) of 0 °C (V
Previous research has consistently found demographic responses to grain price fluctuations in preindustrial Europe, both at macro and micro level. Grain prices serve as a summary measure of the workings of the preindustrial economy, reflecting not only local harvest conditions but trade patterns and market integration. All over preindustrial Europe the manorial estate was an important institution
The purpose of the study was to investigate and compare the effect of two cooling garments with phase change material (PCM) and ventilation on thermal comfort. Eight female university students (age 24±1 years; height 162±4 cm; body weight 54±4 kg) exercised on a treadmill in an environment of 32 oC with 50 % relative humidity. Tests in three conditions were carried out after moderate exercise with
We synthesized a new homoleptic, tris-bidentate complex [Ru(QPzH)3](2+) based on the novel biheteroaromatic, 8-(3-pyrazolyl)-quinoline ligand QPzH. The QPzH ligand was designed to reduce the distortions typically observed in complexes incorporating the 8-quinolinyl group into the ligand framework. This was indeed observed, and was also, as anticipated, found to facilitate the formation of tris-hom
Many complex motor skills follow probabilistic rules that determine which movement transitions are efficient, stylistically appropriate, and contextually purposeful. However, research on sensorimotor sequence learning has largely focused on deterministic sequences or basic probabilistic regularities, overlooking the acquisition of broader rule-based sequence structures. In contrast, fields such as
The subarctic environment of northernmost Sweden has changed over the past century, particularly elements of climate and cryosphere. This paper presents a unique geo-referenced record of environmental and ecosystem observations from the area since 1913. Abiotic changes have been substantial. Vegetation changes include not only increases in growth and range extension but also counterintuitive decre
During recent years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a powerful tool have had a tremendous impact on research techniques in the realm of geography and spatial analysis. The integrative ability of GIS to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and finally present all types of geographical spatial data, has drawn many attentions to it. Water Resources Engineering as a interdisciplinary
Organic farming has the potential to enhance ecosystem services such as crop pollination. However, it is not known if a similar effect can be generated on conventional farms, without reducing external inputs such as inorganic fertilizers and pesticides, by using more complex crop rotations including ley for animal fodder production. In two separate designs, both located in southern Sweden, we test
Syftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva och analysera hur Försäkringskassans organisationskultur har förändrats. Mer specifikt är syftet att fånga förändringarna i Försäkringskassans organisationskultur genom att studera tjänstemännens relationer, reaktioner och handlingsstrategier över tid. De centrala frågeställningarna är följande: ”Hur har försäkringskassans organisationskultur förändrats?”, ”In 2005, The Swedish Social Insurance Agency (Försäkringskassan), was reformed from being local county authorities to a nationalized and integrated organization. The aim of this thesis is to describe how Försäkringskassan’s organizational culture has changed. The key questions are: ”How has Försäkringskassan’s culture changed?”, ”How are the organizational culture perceived and handled by the empl
Film cooling effectiveness and its distribution characteristics on the gas turbine blade surface were investigated numerically. Seven rectangular ribs were located on the internal wall, and a film cooling hole had a compound inclined angle. The case with a compound angle of 45 degrees was designed to improve the lateral film cooling effectiveness on the downstream surface. The secondary flow jet f
The REVEALS model was developed to reconstruct quantitatively regional vegetation abundance (in a 10(4)-10(5) km(2) area) from pollen assemblages in large lakes (>= 100-500 ha). This model corrects for biases in pollen percentages caused by inter-taxonomic differences in pollen productivity and dispersal. This paper presents the first case study to validate REVEALS, using empirical data from south
BACKGROUND: This clinical study aimed at investigating the impact of postoperative thoracic epidural analgesia on extracellular glycerol concentration and glucose metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue, using the microdialysis technique. The sympathetic nervous activity, which can be attenuated by epidural anesthesia, influences lipolysis and the release of glycerol. METHODS: Fourteen patients
A crucial assumption in models of ecological speciation is that reproductive barriers evolve as a consequence of ecological divergence of populations, rather than geographical separation. To test the prediction that barriers between populations might evolve in the face of gene flow, we studied reproductive barriers between populations of two Swedish ecotypes of the marine snail Littorina saxatilis
The plasminogen activator (PA)/plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) system is believed to be involved in connective tissue remodelling in joint disease and both PA and PAI production has been shown in several cell types in the joint. We quantified immunoreactive PA and PAI in synovial fluid (SF) and correlated their levels to levels of cartilage derived proteoglycans, radiologically visible joint
INTRODUCTION: Sympathomimetic (alpha-adrenergic) drugs are mainly used because of their vasoconstrictor properties, for nasal congestion, or as mydriatics. Although sympathomimetic drugs are used often, allergic reactions are rare, especially when the drugs are administered systemically. Cross-reactivity may exist among catecholamine derivatives, although reported data on this are contradictory. I
The local structure of Zn(II) adsorbed at the water-manganite (gamma-MnOOH) interface has been investigated by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Adsorption experiments were carried out within the pH range 6.17-9.87 and surface coverages of 0.9 to 9.7 mu mol/m(2).Zn(II) coordination was observed to change from six to four as pH was increased. This was indicated by a cha
