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Developing individualized spatial models that capture the complex dynamics of multi-electrode EEG data is essential for accurately decoding global neural activity. A widely used approach is network modeling, where electrodes are represented as nodes. A key challenge lies in defining the network edges and weights, as precise connectivity estimation is critical for enhancing neural characterization
One of the key ecological processes affected by climate change is plant carbon uptake. However, there is substantial uncertainty about how plant carbon uptake will respond to warming in mountain ecosystems, which are known for sharp temperature gradients and abrupt shifts in vegetation structure. Specifically, we lack an understanding of whether these response trajectories over time will be linear
Rationale: Evidence suggests that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment promotes weight gain in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It is unclear whether weight gain is influenced by CPAP adherence or comorbid disorders. Objectives: To examine the CPAP effects on body mass index (BMI) and local adiposity and the potential moderators of CPAP effects on BMI in patients with O
Long-distance migrants are under strong selection to arrive on their breeding grounds at a time that maximizes fitness. Many arctic birds start nesting shortly after snow recedes from their breeding sites and timing of snowmelt can vary substantially over the breeding range of widespread species. We tested the hypothesis that migration schedules of individuals co-occurring at the same non-breeding
Malawi är ett land i södra Afrika och betraktas som ett av de fattigaste länderna i världen. Befolkningen lever framför allt på landsbygden och är helt beroende av jordbruk för att överleva. Det finns dock inga register och ingen säkerställd rättighet över marken de brukar. Användandet av geografiska informationssystem, GIS, ökar runt om i världen. Hos ett jordbrukskooperativ i Malawi, NASFAM, fiMalawi is a country in southern Africa and considered to be one of the poorest countries in the world. The main part of the population lives in rural areas and is completely depending on farming for their livelihood. There are, however, no records of land registration or tenure for the smallholder farmer. The use of geographical information systems, GIS, is increasing around the world. At a small
När ett nytt sätt att använda ett redan känt läkemedel för behandling av en ny sjukdom påvisas, är det möjligt att erhålla ett patent den andra medicinska indikationen. Tidigare var det inte möjligt att patentera senare medicinska indikationer på grund av det allmänna nyhetskravet och förbudet på patent på medicinska förfaranden för diagnosticering eller terapeutisk och kirurgisk behandling. Till When a new medical use for a known pharmaceutical drug is discovered, it is possible to be granted a second medical use patent. Second medical use patents were previously not accepted due to the general novelty requirement for patents and the prohibition of patents on treatments by surgery or therapy and diagnostic methods. Due to the developments in EPO case law and the revision of EPC it is howe
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to deepen the understanding of industrial networks in the context of Chinese indigenous innovation policies. More specifically, it is the intention to explore which relationships of Chinese ICT firms with various business and non-business actors can facilitate directly or indirectly its innovativeness. Attention is also paid to the impact of overall innovation
This master’s thesis centers on the meetings on one organization, the Fredsbaskrarna or Peace Berets. Its purpose it to reveal and analyze the interactions, conversations and narratives at these meetings. Fredsbaskrarna is an interest organisation started by military veterans, where local meetings and face-to-face interactions are of central importance. The concrete research questions are: Which e
Background: Studies carried out in simulated environments suggest that checklists improve the management of surgical and intensive care crises. Whether checklists improve the management of medical crises simulated in actual emergency departments (EDs) is unknown. Methods: Eight crises (anaphylactic shock, life-threatening asthma exacerbation, haemorrhagic shock from upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Objectives: This study determined: 1) the interobserver agreement; 2) valvular flow variation; and 3) which variables independently predicted the variation of valvular flow quantification from 4-dimensional (4D) flow cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with automated retrospective valve tracking at multiple sites. Background: Automated retrospective valve tracking in 4D flow CMR allows consistent ass
Over the last couple of years audio and radio sensors have become cheaper and more common in our everyday life. Such sensors can be used to form a network, from which one can obtain distance measures by correlating the different received signals. One example of such distance measures is time-difference of arrival measurements (TDoA), which can be used to estimate the positions of the senders and r
Brain activation mapping using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been extensively studied in brain gray matter (GM), whereas in large disregarded for probing white matter (WM). This unbalanced treatment has been in part due to controversies in relation to the nature of the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast in WM and its detectability. However, an accumulating body of
Background: There is an increasing global interest in selection processes for candidates to surgical training. The aim of the present study is to compare selection processes to specialist surgeon training in the European Union (EU). A secondary goal is to provide guidance for evidence-based methods by a proposed minimum standard that would align countries within the EU. Methods: Publications and g
Climate change has been identified as one of the greatest threats facing our world today. The effects of climate change are expected to increase global sea level rise and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. This poses a significant risk to cities due to their high population density and economic, political, cultural and commercial activities. Coastal cities in low- and middle-in
Food waste is a growing global problem. Even in Sweden, being one of the most sustainable countries in the world, the food waste levels are high. Understanding the role of local governance is crucial to tackle the problem of food waste. By using a simplified A-B-C (attitude-behaviour-conditions) framework, I explore Lund municipality prior to the general elections of 2018 and its governance system
The Covid-19 virus was first discovered in China in December of 2019 and in February of 2020, the Covid-19 virus began to spread worldwide, which caused the World Health Organization (WHO) to classify the virus as a pandemic. Since then previous studies have shown an increase in interest in outdoor life, which has led to an increase in the number of visitors in popular nature areas. Furthermore, t
The Viking Age saw the colonisation of most of the isles of Scotland by settlers from Norway. These newcomers brought their own customs, practices and perceptions to the Isles, maintaining close links with the Scandinavian world. However, these islands had already experienced millennia of anthropogenic change by the time of Norse settlement, and generations of previous inhabitants had populated th
Agriculture is necessary for providing nutrition to a growing global population. However, many unsustainable agricultural practices contribute to climate change, cause local pollution and disrupt natural biological and nutrient cycles. Conservation agriculture (CA) is one of the many practices that have been proposed to meet the challenge of sustainable agricultural production. CA aims to restore
The interest for renewable energy within Australia is growing and the New South Wales (NSW) Government has committed to a Renewable Energy Target scheme of 20 percent renewable energy by 2020. Wind energy is a mature renewable energy resource, which has been successfully deployed for electricity generation around the world. It is further believed to be a viable option to help expand the renewable
Structural changes to agricultural landscapes due to agricultural intensification caused declines in biodiversity and abundance of animal groups providing ecosystem services and disservices to agriculture. Little is known about the relative contribution of animals to services and disservices after harvest and how these animal groups are affected by landscape configuration. Therefore, this study in
