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The first experimental and theoretical evidence of the surface-catalyzed reaction of p,p'-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) produced from para-aminothiophenol (PATP) by local surface plasmons was reported in 2010, and since that time a series of investigations have supported these findings using different experimental and theoretical methods. Recent work has also found that local plasmons can drive a su

Question To what extent do historical and present-day management regimes and landscape characteristics affect the functional structure of semi-natural grassland communities? Location Semi-natural grasslands, the Baltic island of Öland, Sweden. Methods We assessed community functional structure within 475 (50 cm × 50 cm) semi-natural grassland vegetation plots using two indices: community-weighte

Eyes of the hoverfly Eristalis tenax are sexually dimorphic such that males have a fronto-dorsal region of large facets. In contrast to other large flies in which large facets are associated with a decreased interommatidial angle to form a dorsal 'acute zone' of increased spatial resolution, we show that a dorsal region of large facets in males appears to form a 'bright zone' of increased light ca

Background: The timing of migration substantially influences individual fitness. To match peak requirements with peak resource availability, we hypothesized that individual migrants schedule spring migration in close relation to seasonal changes in environmental conditions along the route and particularly, at the breeding destination.To test this hypothesis, we investigated the timing of spring mi

Hydropower is one of the significant renewable energy resources. It is regularly requested at peak time steps to meet the load requirements of power systems resources allocation. Therefore, modeling the optimal operation of hydropower systems to maximize the entire energy production of reservoir systems can be a vital task for energy investment. Deriving optimal unknown decision parameters of thes

Alternative fuels for combustion engines are becoming increasingly popular as society is pushing to phase out fossil energy to reduce CO2 emissions. The compression ignition (CI) engine has a high overall efficiency which makes it a valuable option for the transport fleet, despite the well known NOx and soot pollutants it emits. These two pollutants are emitted due to a combination of high local cAlternative fuels for combustion engines are becoming increasingly popular as society is pushing to phase out fossil energy to reduce CO2 emissions. The compression ignition (CI) engine has a high overall efficiency which makes it a valuable option for the transport fleet, despite the well known NOx and soot pollutants it emits. These two pollutants are emitted due to a combination of high local c

Sodium niobate (NaNbO3 or NN) is described as "the most complex perovskite system,"which exhibits transitions between, as well as coexistence of, several ferroelectrics (FE) and antiferroelectric (AFE) phases at different temperatures. Recently, solid solutions of NN with stabilized AFE phases(s) have gained attention for energy-related applications, such as high-density energy storage and electro

Arctic communities are currently experiencing the effects of climate change. This paper contributes to a growing body of vulnerability and adaptation research in the Arctic. This case study provides an assessment of current vulnerabilities and offers insight into how climate change is experienced in the hamlet of Cambridge Bay, Nunavut. The predominantly qualitative research method involved semi-s

One of the biggest mysteries astronomers wish to unveil is the formation and evolution of galaxies. Properties of our own galaxy, the Milky Way, can provide great insight into these. The star formation rate (SFR) and whether it varies with distance from the galactic centre (GC), is one of these properties. Studies indicate that the SFR is higher in the bulge region than in the local thick disk of

This thesis asks the question “How do government-initiated local referendums affect citizens’ perceptions of democracy?”. In the theoretical discussion, direct democratic theory is found to be inadequate in studying the effects of government-initiated referendums. Since the referendums are government-initiated, that negates the important aspect of bypassing elites. The referendum democracy concept

Due to globalization, decentralization and the capitalist system's need to physical location cities have become increasingly important economic spheres during thee last decades. City mayors are seen as increasingly important actors, who can shape the future economic development of their cities through networking with businesses and strategic policy development. Therefore several European count

In the beginning of the 1990s, Sweden experienced an economic recession. The unemployment rate increased significantly and the proportion of young adults receiving social assistance rose dra-matically. In response, municipalities initiated local intervention programs aimed at reducing the number of young social assistance recipients. In 2005, this population had decreased. However, the organizatio

This thesis looks into cross-cultural in-store marketing and how, with the use of contemporary symbols, marketing messages can cross language barriers. In the context of cosmopolitan cities with large populations of international inhabitants, being able to market to all individuals regardless of linguistic abilities and cultural backgrounds is critical for firms to stay competitive. Simply replaci

This thesis is a meta-evaluation of a specific evaluation; "Demokrati och delaktighet? Delrapport om Storstadssatsningen i Fosie, Hyllie och Södra Innerstaden" . My thesis concerns two of the three district city councils mentioned in the title, in the City of Malmö, and their way of handling the government initiative Storstadssatsningen. The initiative is aiming to promote strategies to

This essay discusses the Nordic region Bohuslän the decade after it became "Swedish" in 1658, during what I call the region's "transition period". The wide cause of the study is to show how the traditional understanding of this state shift (and of state shifts in general) need to be problemized and understood in the light of the state conditions of Early Modern Europe. By e

This study investigates interculturality in health communication and deriving power relations. The Bilharzia Storytelling Lab 2022 in Kigali is a health communication program devoting significant attention to the role of culture and representing a new approach to respectful health communication practices. Exploring the Storytelling Lab methodology and its roles provides insights into the innovativ

Background: In squamous cell vulvar cancer, sentinel node biopsy is accepted as standard treatment in well-defined patient groups and has reduced surgical morbidity considerably. Currently, due to the lack of evidence, it cannot be offered to patients with tumors of 4 cm diameter or greater or with multifocal tumors, or in local recurrences. Primary objective: This study is primarily a pilot and f

Background: Amyloidosis represents a rare yet heterogeneous multi-system disorder associated with a grave prognosis and an enormous psycho-emotional strain on patients, relatives, and caregivers. We here present the overall study design and first results of AMY-NEEDS, a research program aiming to systematically assess the needs of patients suffering from amyloidosis, their relatives and health car