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Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection (OI) and cause of death in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), even in settings with access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aims to determine factors associated with adverse outcome of TB treatment in PLHIV. Materials and Method: The study was retrospective cohort study which includes 958 individuals aged ≥15 y

The longitudinal and multidisciplinary research project Malmö Youth Sport Study measured the sports results achieved by two cohorts of pupils using a variable named ACHIEVE, dividing the pupils into three categories (an elite group competing at the national or international level, a group competing at the district level, and a third group either not competing at all or below district level). This

Background: Illegal drug use is a public health concern with far-reaching consequences for people who use them and for society. In Sweden, the reported use of illegal drugs has been growing and the number of drug-induced deaths is among the highest in Europe. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date estimation of the societal costs of illegal drug use in Sweden, relying

Starting university is associated with major academic, personal and social opportunities. For many people, university entrance is also associated with increased stress and alcohol consumption. At the start of the autumn term 2002, all students entering educational programmes at two comparable middle-sized Swedish universities were invited to participate in a comparative intervention study. This in

Background: Improving maternal and reproductive health still remains a major challenge in most low-income countries especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The growing inequality in access to maternal health interventions is an issue of great concern. In Ghana, inadequate attention has been given to the inequality gap that exists amongst women when accessing antenatal care during pregnancy and skilled a

(Schagatay E, Lodin-Sundstrom A. Abrahamsson E. Underwater working times in two groups of traditional apnea divers in Asia: the Ama and the Bajau. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine. 2011;41(1):27-30.) Introduction: Traditional apnea diving for sea harvesting for a living continues in some communities in Asia, the outcome being dependent on the total underwater working time. We studied dive and surfac

Popular Abstract in Swedish Fritidsaktiviteter bland personer med reumatoid artrit. Vad predikterar och hur mäter man? Fritidsaktiviteter ansågs redan i antikens Grekland leda till inre tillfredsställelse, mening och värde i livet. De genomfördes enbart för sin egen skull och utan tanke på belöning. I början av 1900-talet kunde fritidsaktiviteter endast genomföras av de personer som inte behövde Leisure Activities in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Associated Factors and Assessment. Leisure activities were considered to give intrinsic pleasure, meaning and value to life already in ancient Greek. It was also performed for its own sake and not by consideration of any external rewards. In the beginning of the 20th century leisure was only possible for wealthy people who could occupy themselves with n

For almost forty years the seemingly harmless term “postmodern” has sown discord and ruffled feathers in the intellectual world. Mere sight of the term has caused some commentators to see red in more than one sense: “postmodernism” for them embodies the utter degeneracy of the 1960s Left. For their part, more than a few commentators on the left have associated the term with the neoliberal climate

The 2008–2009 global financial crisis triggered ‘Green Energy Economy’ (GEE) policy packages to stimulate green growth in many countries. China soon became a leader and, supported by its 11th Five-Year Plan (2006–2010), devoted approximately one-third of its US$ 647 billion stimulus package to green energy technologies. Since then, numerous policy instruments have been implemented to encourage ‘Gr

The Swedish consumer magazine Råd & Rön (”Advice and Results”) has been available to Swedish consumers since 1958. For a major part of this time the Swedish state, represented by Konsumentverket (the Swedish Consumer Agency) and its predecessor, Konsumentinstitutet (the National Institute for Consumer Information), was the owner of the magazine. In 2006 Råd & Rön was sold to the independen

Popular Abstract in Swedish Boken belyser, genom tematiska studier av centrala Dylantexter från de händelserika åren 1961-67, Bob Dylans konstnärskap och utveckling från politisk intresserad protestsångare till mera svårtillgänglig, modernistiskt influerad sångpoet. Avhandlingen inleds med en exposé över det amerikanska 60-talet och folkmusikens framväxt. Bokens andra och tredje kapitel behandlar Bob Dylan (b. 1941) became known as an enfant terrible and a regenerator of rock lyrics already in the tumultuous 60´s. His constantly shifting roles as musician and songwriter, combined with his notable reserve, have led to the growth of a plethora of myths surrounding his person and work. His lyrics, accompanied by an increasingly original rock backing, based on folk music and rhythm & blues

Background: Humans, independent on where they live, are exposed to complex and various mixtures of chemicals, including persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The variability of the exposure depends on sources of the chemicals and is influenced by e.g. geography, social and cultural heritage. While exposures to POPs are frequently studied in populations from developed industrial countries, very lit

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is the most frequently delivered psychological intervention for adults with chronic pain. The treatment yields modest effect sizes and the mechanisms of action remain understudied and unclear. Efforts are needed to identify treatment mediators that could be used to refine CBT and improve outcomes. The primary aim of this study is to investigate whether pain-relat

Background and purpose - Little is know about patterns of sick leave in connection with total hip and knee joint replacement (THR and TKR) in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Patients and methods - Using registers from southern Sweden, we identified hip and knee OA patients aged 40-59 years who had a THR or TKR in the period 2004-2012. Patients who died or started on disability pension were excl

Befolkningen växer och andelen som vill bo i städer ökar stadigt vilket skaparbehov av ny mark att bygga bostäder på. Tidigare har de flesta städer och orterutvecklats genom att växa utåt, vilket har lett till förlust av naturområden ochjordbruksmark och ökat beroendet av bilar. Att bygga staden inåt istället, så kallad förtätning, är numera en populär strategi för att minska bostadsbristen. I denThe proportion of people living in densely built up areas is gradually increasing,forcing cities to generate new land to build homes upon. In this process there is a risk for an inexplicit decrease of green space. The green features ofneighbourhoods help to create a supportive environment for health and physicalactivity, thus a reduction of greenness may reduce the general well-being in thepopulat

In Sweden, various public health interventions have been performed to reduce risky sexual behaviors among young people and promote safer and positive approaches to sexuality, while attempting to bridge the gap between the less privileged or more vulnerable young people and their more privileged peers. This study aimed to compare the individual- and familial-level determinants of risky sexual behav

We are currently using the planet’s limited resources in a very unsustainable way: around one-third of all food produced for human consumption is wasted each year, which has immense environmental, social and economic consequences. Even though ranked as one of the most sustainable countries in the world, Denmark still wastes annually food worth €1.1billion. To reduce the amount of food waste and al

Ett av livets största beslut är beslutet om föräldraskap. Det är dessutom ett beslut som i slutändan görs av modern, eftersom det är hon som tar beslutet om abort. Härigenom uppstår en situation som inte är jämställd, vilket har orsakat en viss debatt den senaste tiden. Debatten gäller huruvida det bör finnas en rätt för fadern att göra en så kallad juridisk abort, alltså en möjlighet att avsäga sThe choice to become a parent is not an easy one to make, moreover it is today a choice more likely to be made by the mother. She has the opportunity of abortion, whereas the father can’t affect his becoming a parent after the moment of conception. This constitutes a situation of inequality between the sexes, which this year has caused a debate to arise in social media as well as in news papers. I

År 2010 beslutade regeringen att lagstiftningen avseende barn- och tvångsäktenskap krävde översyn och skärpning. Beslutet fattades mot bakgrund av uppgifter som Ungdomsstyrelsen lade fram 2009. Dessa uppgifter bestod av beräkningar att uppskattningsvis 70 000 ungdomar då levde i en situation där deras val av partner var begränsat och villkorat av deras familj. Lagstiftningsåtgärderna trädde i krafIn 2010, Sweden's Government decided that the legislation, concerning child marriages and forced marriages, needed to be strengthened and reviewed. The decision was made in light of data that Ungdomsstyrelsen put forward in 2009. This data consisted of calculations that approximately 70 000 youths lived in a situation where their choice of partner was limited and conditioned by their families.