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Declines in European bird populations are reported for decades but the direct effect of major anthropogenic pressures on such declines remains unquantified. Causal relationships between pressures and bird population responses are difficult to identify as pressures interact at different spatial scales and responses vary among species. Here, we uncover direct relationships between population time-se
The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is a hyperthermal event at ∼56 Ma ago, caused by rapid and massive carbon releases into the ocean-atmosphere system. Currently, the PETM ocean acidification is mainly quantified in the surface ocean. By contrast, PETM carbonate chemistry changes of the deep ocean, a larger carbon reservoir, are largely qualitatively constrained by sedimentary calcium car
The relation between catalytic activity and the presence of oxides on the catalyst’s surface has proven very complex, especially in the case of methane oxidation over Pd. While the metallic Pd surface and a thin, but at least two atomic layers thick, oxide film has been found catalytically active, a single-layer surface oxide or a too thick oxide film are both low-active. Unfortunately, under reac
Background and Purpose: In recent years, the treatment landscape for breast cancer has undergone significant advancements, with the introduction of several new anticancer agents. One such agent is trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), an antibody drug conjugate that has shown improved outcomes in both early and advanced breast cancer. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive evidence regarding
We investigate how selection of psychiatric cases by phenotypic criteria can alter the strength and specificity of their genetic risk by examining samples from national Swedish registries for five disorders: major depression (MD, N = 158,557), drug use disorder (DUD, N = 69,841), bipolar disorder (BD, N = 13,530)) ADHD (N = 54,996) and schizophrenia (N = 11,227)). We maximized the family genetic r
Pro-inflammatory and amyloidogenic S100A9 protein is central to the amyloid-neuroinflammatory cascade in neurodegenerative diseases. Polyoxometalates (POMs) constitute a diverse group of nanomaterials, which showed potency in amyloid inhibition. Here, we have demonstrated that two selected nanosized niobium POMs, Nb10 and TiNb9, can act as potent inhibitors of S100A9 amyloid assembly. Kinetics ana
Co-design processes are of key importance in planning and implementing Nature-based Solutions (NBS), but require boundary management between diverse holders of local, practical and scientific knowledge. Participatory and mapbased planning tools, such as Geodesign workshops, can facilitate such boundary management through mobilising knowledge holders, and translating and negotiating between differe
Objectives: : Knowledge of the correspondence between clinical ICD diagnoses and classification criteria fulfilment is crucial to interpret studies identifying cases via ICD codes. We assessed the degree to which patients registered with ICD-10 diagnoses of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) fulfil established PsA classification criteria. Method: Four hundred
Peatlands are unique ecosystems that contain massive amounts of carbon. These ecosystems are incredibly vulnerable to human disturbance and climate change. This may cause the peatland carbon sink to shift to a carbon source. A change in the carbon storage of peatlands may result in surface deformation. This research uses the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique to measure the
MUC5B is the predominant glycoprotein in saliva and is instrumental in the establishment and maintenance of multi-species eubiotic biofilms in the oral cavity. Investigations of the aciduric Lactobacillaceae family, and its role in biofilms emphasizes the diversity across different genera of the proteolytic systems involved in the nutritional utilization of mucins. We have characterized a protease
In the pulp and paper industry, about 5 Mt/y chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) are produced globally from softwood chips for production of carton board grades. For tailor making CTMP for this purpose, wood chips are impregnated with aqueous sodium sulphite for sulphonation of the wood lignin. When lignin is sulphonated, the defibration of wood into pulp becomes more selective, resulting in enhance
In situ stability studies of an IrO2(110)-TiO2(110) model electrode are carried out under acidic water electrolysis conditions, employing synchrotron-based techniques including surface X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and X-ray reflectometry (XRR) with a photon energy of 21.5 keV. These experiments are complemented by ex situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and X-r
Background: Hypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for cerebral small vessel diseases (SVDs). Yet, it is unknown whether antihypertensive drug classes differentially affect microvascular function in SVDs. Aims: To test whether amlodipine has a beneficial effect on microvascular function when compared to either losartan or atenolol, and whether losartan has a beneficial effect when comp
BACKGROUND: Triage is used as standard of care for prioritization and identification of time-critical patients in the emergency department (ED) globally, but it is unclear what outcomes should be used to evaluate triage. Currently used outcomes do not include important time-critical diagnoses and conditions.METHOD: We used 18 Swedish triage experts to collect and assess outcomes for the evaluation
This paper investigates how stakeholders respond to digital feasibility study images to augmented reality (AR), with the purpose to determine if AR could be the right practical application to create Virtual tourism. Based on the visitors’ perspective via qualitative interviews, the goal is to explore whether a digitalization in a realistic way, manages to mediate the concealed time layers and othe
Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used as a bone substitute and more recently as a carrier for local delivery of bone targeted drugs. Majority of the approved HA based biomaterials and drug carriers comprise of micrometer sized particulate HA (mHA) or granules and can therefore only be used for extracellular drug release. This shortcoming could be overcome with the use of cell penetrating HA nan
The MAM blood group system (International Society of Blood Transfusion [ISBT] 041) consists of one high-prevalence antigen to date, first detected in a 31-year-old woman during her third pregnancy. Epithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) was recently identified as the gene coding the MAM antigen. Six unique genetic variants have been described in EMP3 in 11 MAM- individuals. EMP3 is an 18-kDa glycopr
The ETS family transcription factor GABPA is suggested as an oncogenic element, which is further supported by the recent reporting of it as the sole ETS member to activate the mutant TERT promoter in thyroid carcinomas (TC). However, it remains unclear how GABPA contributes to TC pathogenesis. The present study is designed to address this issue. TERT expression was significantly diminished in TERT
Background: Second malignant neoplasms and cardiotoxicity are among the most serious and frequent adverse health outcomes experienced by childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CCSs) and contribute significantly to their increased risk of premature mortality. Owing to differences in health-care systems, language and culture across the continent, Europe has had limited success in establishing mu
