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Sda is a high-frequency carbohydrate histo-blood group antigen, GalNAcβ1-4(NeuAcα2-3)Galβ, implicated in pathogen invasion, cancer, xenotransplantation and transfusion medicine. Complete lack of this glycan epitope results in the Sd(a−) phenotype observed in 4% of individuals who may produce anti-Sda. A candidate gene (B4GALNT2), encoding a Sda-synthesizing β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
The sky view factor (SVF) is an important radiometric parameter for assessing the canopy energy budget of urban areas. There are several methods to determine the SVF observationally. The most common is taking a photo with a digital camera equipped with a fish-eye lens and then converting ratio of sky area to canopy area into SVF. However, most urban canopy models use this variable as derived from
En katalysator är en substans som kan snabba på en kemisk reaktion utan attsjälv förbrukas. Katalysatorer används vanligen i kemisk produktion och i bilarsförbränningsmotorer (för att ta bort tex CO och NO). För att optimera katalysatornoch utveckla andra och bättre katalysatorer i framtiden så behöver vi vetahur katalysatorn fungerar på atomär nivå. Katalysatorer i industrin är komplexavilket görA catalyst is a substance that can speed up the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed. Catalysts are crucial for chemical production industries, where about 90% of all chemicals are produced using catalysts. They are also used for exhaust gas cleaning, for instance in cars, where CO and unburned fuels are oxidized to CO2 and NOx is reduced to N2. To optimize catalysts, and deve
We perform a land-surface model intercomparison to investigate how the simulation of permafrost area on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) varies among six modern stand-alone land-surface models (CLM4.5, CoLM, ISBA, JULES, LPJ-GUESS, UVic). We also examine the variability in simulated permafrost area and distribution introduced by five different methods of diagnosing permafrost (from modeled monthly ground
Background: Late effects induced by radiotherapy (RT) are of great concern for mediastinal Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) patients and it is therefore important to reduce normal tissue dose. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact on the normal tissue dose and target coverage, using various combinations of intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and
Growing evidence suggests that people with autoimmune conditions may be at increased risk of hepatobiliary tumors. In the present study, we evaluated associations between autoimmune conditions and hepatobiliary cancers among adults aged ≥66 in the United States. We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data (1992–2013) to conduct a population-based, case–control study. C
Background: Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS) 2 (p110δ-activating mutations causing senescent T cells, lymphadenopathy, and immunodeficiency [PASLI]-R1), a recently described primary immunodeficiency, results from autosomal dominant mutations in PIK3R1, the gene encoding the regulatory subunit (p85α, p55α, and p50α) of class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinases. Objectives: We sought
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease associated with obesity, insulin resistance and hypoinsulinemia due to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Reduced mitochondrial function is thought to be central to β-cell dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced insulin secretion are also observed in β-cells of humans with the most common human genetic disorder, Down syndrome (DS, Trisomy
BACKGROUND: There is a worldwide increase in the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) among whites. In Sweden, a five-fold increase has been recorded since 1960, although the increase in mortality rate is substantially lower. Tumor thickness is recognized as the most important histologic prognostic factor for primary melanoma. In a previous study, the authors did not find any significan
Peroxisomes and mitochondria were purified from potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bintje) by differential centrifugation followed by separation on a continuous Percoll gradient containing 0.3 M sucrose in the lower half and 0.3 M mannitol in the upper half. The peroxisomes band at the bottom and the mitochondria in the middle of this type of gradient. Mitochondrial contamination of the perox
Conventional wastewater treatment plants are designed for treating manmade wastewater (e.g., from households and industries) and to protect the environment (e.g., receiving water bodies) and humans from adverse effects.The objective of this work was to investigate the feasibility of treating municipal wastewater without a biological treatment step by applying different separation processes, such a
Earth observing systems are now routinely used to infer leaf area index (LAI) given its significance in spatial aggregation of land surface fluxes. Whether LAI is an appropriate scaling parameter for daytime growing season energy budget, surface conductance (Gs), water- and light-use efficiency and surface–atmosphere coupling of European boreal coniferous forests was explored using eddy-covariance
Most freshwater ecosystems are subject to multiple anthropogenic stressors, which commonly reduce biodiversity across all levels. Existing freshwater bioassessment programmes aim at identifying responses of aquatic biota to stressors. For practical reasons, higher-level taxonomic groups (e.g. genus or family) are often used in these programmes. This approach, however, may bias assessment results a
Background: A warmer climate has consequences for the timing of phenological events, as temperature is a key factor controlling plant development and flowering. In this study, we analyse the effects of the long-term climate change and an extreme weather event on the first flowering day (FFD) of five spring-flowering wild plant species in the United Kingdom. Citizen science data from the UK Woodlan
Objective: Posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCiS) constitutes 20–30% of ischemic stroke cases. Detailed information about differences between PCiS and anterior circulation ischemic stroke (ACiS) remains scarce. Such information might guide clinical decision making and prevention strategies. We studied risk factors and ischemic stroke subtypes in PCiS vs. ACiS and lesion location on magnetic
225Ac-PSMA-617 targeted-therapy has demonstrated efficacy in 75-85% of patients; however, responses are not durable. We aimed to establish translatable mouse models of disseminated prostate cancer (PCa) to evaluate effectiveness of 225Ac-PSMA-617 at various disease stages. Methods: C4-2, C4-2B, or 22Rv1 cells were injected into the left ventricle of male NSG mice. Disease progression was monitored
