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Popular Abstract in Swedish ?Överbrygga det kommunikativa gapet mellan personer med en demenssjukdom och deras vårdare. Ett omvårdnadsperspektiv? En problematik i omvårdnaden av personer med långt framskriden demenssjukdom är hur vårdare skall tolka och förstå den demensdrabbade så att omvårdnaden kan anpassas till dennes behov. Forskning tyder på att vissa reaktioner, bland annat aggressiva handThe aim was to explore possible areas and sources that could inform the care for people with dementia. These were the people with dementia themselves, nurses reflective discussions about caring, nurse-patient interaction together with information from close family members, and the previous personality and sense of coherence of people with dementia in relation to behaviour during the disease as rel

Popular Abstract in Swedish Akut leversvikt medför hög risk för komplikationer orsakade av bakteriesepsis. Hög nivåer av lipopolysackarider (LPS; endotoxin) i det portala blodet kan leda till förhöjd sekretion av pro-inflammatoriska signalsubstanser från leverns Kupffer-celler, vilket har visats vara ett tidigt och viktigt tecken på leverskada. Patogenesen för inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom (?inflammaAcute liver failure is accompanied by a high rate of bacterial septic complications. High portal level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can lead to a pronounced secretion by Kupffer cells of pro-inflammatory mediators which have been shown to be early and important mediators of liver injury. Pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex; involving environmental, genetic, microbial, and im

Cancer är den näst vanligaste dödsorsaken i världen idag och en tredjedel av Sveriges befolkning blir diagnosticerade med cancer under sin livstid. Av alla cancerfall i Sverige, så är prostatacancer den vanligaste och bröstcancer den näst vanligaste, medan hos enbart kvinnor så är bröstcancer den vanligaste med 29,2 % av cancerfallen. Överlevnaden efter en cancerdiagnos har i Sverige ökat sedan 70Cells are commonly used in research to evaluate toxicity and efficiency of drugs. However, to further increase the usefulness of cells as well as the understandings of effects of different interventions, new methods must constantly be developed and refined. Today, many assays use end-point analysis of large populations of cells, to evaluate the research question. However, there are many cases when

Att bli förälder är en stor livsomställning och föräldrars upplevelse av första tiden efter att barnet fötts påverkas bland annat av den information och förberedelse de får under graviditeten. Depression efter förlossningen drabbar cirka 10 % av alla föräldrar, något som även kan påverka anknytningen till barnet och därigenom barnets hälsa och utveckling. Tidigare forskning har visat att nyblivna Parents often feel inadequately prepared for challenges of early parenthood. This thesis aimed to develop an evidence-based programme for antenatal preparation for early parenthood and to test its feasibility. The Medical Research Council’s framework for development and evaluation of complex interventions was used to design the three studies.Interviews were conducted with first-time parents; 18 mo

The majority of the world’s peatlands are located in northern regions where climate change is occurring most rapidly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand whether, and under what conditions, peatlands will remain carbon sinks or become carbon sources. The uncertainties in our predictions stem from a variety of sources, including uncertainty about the competing effects of rising air tem

The sun is the most important energy source for the Earth’s climate system, however, influences of solar variations on climate are not fully understood. Studying past solar activity can improve our understanding of what role the sun plays in Earth’s climate. Cosmogenic radionuclides, such as 10Be in ice cores, are powerful tools to reconstruct past solar activity before the period of direct telesc

Psykisk ohälsa är en vanlig bakgrund till att patienter söker hjälp i primärvården men det är inte alltid dessa problem upptäcks. Patienterna erbjuds inte heller alltid adekvat behandling. Det finns flera väl beprövade bedömningsinstrument och evidensbaserade behandlingar för psykisk ohälsa men tillgängligheten till dessa är begränsad i primärvården. I avhandlingen ingår tre delstudier som är utfThe present thesis comprises three studies carried out within REGASSA, a multicenter randomized controlled trial in primary care. In the REGASSA study a 12 week treatment of mild to moderate depression and stress-related mental Health problems using Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) and physical exercise (PE) was compared with treatment as usual (TAU). The inclusion criteria were

“Across all borders”: An investigation into media activities and the Scandinavian Media Model in 1959In this case study we are going to investigate two different radio productions that in interesting ways were crossing the geographical borders between the countries Sweden and Norway and between Sweden and Denmark in the year of 1959. Through the concepts of border (see Hurd et al. 2006) showing ho

In the production of pulp and paper, water-soluble components, such as hemicellulose, monosaccharides, and lignin, are released and accumulate in the process water. The process water is usually concentrated and incinerated for heat generation and the recovery of pulping chemicals, such as in the Kraft and sulfite processes. The growing trend toward a more sustainable forest industry has increased

Plant nutrients can be recycled through microbial decomposition of organic matter but replacement of base cations and phosphorus, lost through harvesting of biomass/biofuels or leaching, requires de novo supply of fresh nutrients released through weathering of soil parent material (minerals and rocks). Weathering involves physical and chemical processes that are modified by biological activity of

Geotechnical engineering is the science dealing with mechanics of soils and rocks and its engineering applications. Geotechnical engineering projects vary in a wide range, from evaluation of the stability of natural slopes and man-made soil deposits, to the design of earthworks and foundations. Traditional methods, using manual calculations or simplified computational methods, do not, as a rule, t

When doped into solid state transparent crystals, rare-earth ions can have optically excited states with milliseconds coherence time and up to six hours coherence time for hyperfine levels after being cooled down to liquid helium temperature. This long coherence property makes them unique as solid state material and attractive for quantum information applications.The rare-earth ions have narrow ho

Numerous barbiturates, such as (±)-pentobarbital, reversibly enhance the affinity for equilibrium binding of [3H]diazepam to well-washed rat cortical membranes in a chloride-dependent and picrotoxinin-sensitive manner [Leeb-Lundberg et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77:7468-7472 (1980)]. The chemical specificity and stereospecificity of this barbiturate effect in vitro has been examined in det

Collagen is the main organic building block of musculoskeletal tissues. Despite collagen being their smallest load bearing unit, these tissues differ significantly in mechanical function and properties. A major factor behind these differences is their hierarchical organization, from the collagen molecule up to the organ scale. It is thus of high importance to understand the characteristics of each

The role of Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), the main protein component of HDL, in cholesterol transport and metabolism is well known and has been studied for more than four decades. More recently, ApoA-I protein has been shown to also have a positive role in glucose control by both stimulation of glucose uptake by muscles and by increasing glucose-stimulated pancreatic insulin secretion. Two of the f

Following the impressive development of bulk lead-based perovskite photovoltaics, the “perovskite fever” did not spare nanochemistry. In just a few years, colloidal cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals have conquered researchers worldwide with their easy synthesis and color-pure photoluminescence. These nanomaterials promise cheap solution-processed lasers, scintillators, and light-emitti

This paper presents the results of the 2022 Groundwater Time Series Modelling Challenge, where 15 teams from different institutes applied various data-driven models to simulate hydraulic-head time series at four monitoring wells. Three of the wells were located in Europe and one was located in the USA in different hydrogeological settings in temperate, continental, or subarctic climates. Participa

This paper presents the results of the 2022 Groundwater Time Series Modelling Challenge, where 15 teams from different institutes applied various data-driven models to simulate hydraulic-head time series at four monitoring wells. Three of the wells were located in Europe and one was located in the USA in different hydrogeological settings in temperate, continental, or subarctic climates. Participa

Microalgal range expansions are increasing in frequency and magnitude worldwide mostly due to anthropogenic factors. However, they often remain unnoticed until mass development (algal blooms) occurs due to difficulties in detection when population densities are low. However, population genetic methods offer an approach to investigate these patterns. One such potentially expanding bloom-forming spe

BackgroundSevere perineal trauma (SPT) affecting the anal sphincter muscle complex is a serious complication following childbirth, associated with short-term and long-term maternal morbidity. Effective preventive strategies are still scarce. The aim of the Oneplus trial was to test the hypothesis that the presence of a second midwife during the second stage of labour, with the purpose of preventin