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Aims: The Swedish National Inpatient Registry is an important source of data for numerous epidemiological studies, amongst them studies on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). General validation studies indicate that in general 85-95% of diagnoses reported are correct, but this is not true for all groups of diseases, why specific validation studies are of great importance. Methods: Charts
Previous studies have suggested that amplification of genes, notably the TOP2A gene, on chromosome arm 17q may be important for the development of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST). In order to study the frequency, distribution, and chromosomal organization of rearrangements at 17q, interphase and metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to evaluate copy number
In the present study three different strains of Escherichia coli (JM 109 - a native "wild type" strain, JM 109/pBSD 1300 - a strain overproducing the membrane anchor domain of Bacillus subtilis succinate-quinone reductase, SQR, a protein that contains two transmembraneously arranged heme groups and JM109/pLUV 1900 - a strain overproducing cytochrome c(550) from B. subtilis, a protein where the cyt
In this paper, problems related to simulation model documentation and model exchange between users are discussed. Complex simulation models have gained popularity in the environmental field, but require extensive documentation to allow independent implementation. The existence of different simulation platforms puts high demands on the quality of the original documentation. Recent experiences from
[3H]arachidonic [( 3H]20:4) and [14C]linoleic acid [14C]18:2) were fed to rats in Intralipid or cream. Later (30-240 min) the stomach, small intestine, plasma, and liver were analyzed for radioactivity in different lipid classes. [3H]20:4 and [14C]18:2 were emptied from the stomach and absorbed by the intestine at similar rates. The [3H]20:4:[14C]18:2 ratio of the lipids in the small intestinal wa[3H]arachidonic [( 3H]20:4) and [14C]linoleic acid [14C]18:2) were fed to rats in Intralipid or cream. Later (30-240 min) the stomach, small intestine, plasma, and liver were analyzed for radioactivity in different lipid classes. [3H]20:4 and [14C]18:2 were emptied from the stomach and absorbed by the intestine at similar rates. The [3H]20:4:[14C]18:2 ratio of the lipids in the small intestinal wa
Background: Children with long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) risk living with aerodigestive morbidity and mental health difficulties. No previous study has investigated their experiences of schooling, despite the importance of schools in children’s development, learning and social relationships. We aimed to describe experiences of schooling in children with LGEA in Sweden in comparison with childr
En varumärkesinnehavares ensamrätt medför en rätt att hindra andra från att använda det skyddade varumärket. Ensamrätten omfattar dock endast användning som sker för varor eller tjänster i näringsverksamhet. Varumärkesrätten innehåller endast exempel på vilka handlingar som en varumärkesinnehavare kan motsätta sig. Domstolarnas tillämpning av rekvisiten ”användning”, ”för varor eller tjänster” ochA trademark owner's exclusive right means a right to prevent others from using the protected trademark. However, the exclusive right only covers use in the course of trade in relation to goods or services. Trademark law contains only examples of which actions a trademark owner may object to. For this reason, the courts’ interpretation of the necessary conditions "use", "in relat
Estimating area of polygons on the Earth’s surface is required in many fields in earth science. In the field of carbon modelling, one application of estimating polygons’ area is to estimate carbon flows for regions. This thesis aims to develop a methodology to estimate area of a polygon on a spherical/ellipsoidal surface applied to the problem to estimate carbon flows in regions. It is common th
Social workers who work within the government with welfare benefits are surrounded by laws, rules, regulations, and ethical codes that have an effect on their everyday work. This study aims to broaden the knowledge regarding social workers’ possibilities to do what they consider best for their clients. This was achieved by conducting semi-structured, qualitative interviews with five social workers
Objective To document the frequency and causes of maternal mortality and severe (near-miss) morbidity in metropolitan La Paz, Bolivia. Design Facility-based cross-sectional study. Setting Four maternity hospitals in La Paz and El Alto, Bolivia, where free maternal health care is provided through a government-subsidised programme. Population All maternal deaths and women with near-miss morbidity. M
Although climate is known to be one of the key factors determining animal species distributions amongst others, projections of global change impacts on their distributions often rely on bioclimatic envelope models. Vegetation structure and landscape configuration are also key determinants of distributions, but they are rarely considered in such assessments. We explore the consequences of using sim
Based on the body of evidence implicating ocular blood flow disturbances in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, there is great interest in the investigation of the effects of antiglaucoma drugs and systemic medications on the various ocular vascular beds. The primary aim of this article was to review the current data available on the effects of antiglaucoma drugs and systemic medications on ocular blood
Räddningstjänstens personal har ett arbete med stora krav på fysisk och psykisk stryka. I mindre kommuner är flertalet anställda på deltid och har andra arbeten på heltid att sköta. De har jour och beredskap och de förväntas träna och underhålla sin kapacitet. I denna undersökning jämförs 145 personers hälsovärden, (BMI, blodtryck samt blodsocker) från två undersökningstillfällen med ett års inter
I dagens samhälle räcker det inte med en produkts relativa överlägsenhet för att garantera dess framgång på marknaden. Snabb ekonomisk utveckling och avancerad teknologi har lett till knivskarp konkurrens på den globala marknaden. Genom ökad marknadstransparens och avancerade kommunikationer underlättas tillgänglighet till information samt genomförande av gränöverskridande transaktioner. Det har bIn today’s society, the relative superiority of a product is not enough to guarantee its success on a marketplace. Rapid economic development rates and advancing technology has led to a more competitive global market. Increased accessibility to information and cross-border transactions is a result of market transparency and advanced communication techniques. Creating product imitations or very sim
In order to better utilize the wind in urban areas, small-scale wind-turbines can be retro-fitted on existing buildings. However, wind-turbines are as structures very prone to oscillate. If the turbines would be mounted with a stiff connection, these vibrations would transmit to the building structure where high-frequency vibrations will transmit as structure-borne noise, and low-frequency vibrati
Architecture has always been a part of tourism. It was an attraction of cultural tourism, but with opening of Bilbao Guggenheim Museum, a new trend in tourism was noticed, triggered by Bilbao Effect. This new phenomenon was described as architourism, which puts architecture in front as one of the main reasons to visit destinations. This research however aims at understanding how important is archi
Bee-mediated pollination plays a crucial role in sustaining global food production. However, while the demand for these pollination services is increasing, many bee species are in decline. To address this discrepancy, farmers use managed bee species to improve crop pollination. One key factor affecting pollination efficiency is the affinity for the crop of interest (i.e., the extent to which a bee
Jordens havsnivå förändras ständigt och dessa förändringar kan ha olika orsaker: i ett längre geologiskt tidsperspektiv är det processer i jordens inre som påverkar havsnivån, men i ett kortare perspektiv spelar till exempel tillväxten och avsmältningen av inlandsisar stor roll. Under kvartärtiden har den sistnämnda processen varit den dominerande vad gäller att påverka havsnivåerna: vid istider hResults from an investigation of relative sea-level changes from c. 11,000 cal. yr BP to the present in the Tasiusaq area, Inner Bredefjord, southwest Greenland, are presented in this thesis. Isolation sequences from two small lakes have been identified using stratigraphic analyses, XRF-scanning, loss on ignition and macrofossil analyses. Macrofossil and bulk samples have been dated in order to e
