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By having phenotypically plastic traits, many organisms optimize their fitness in response to fluctuating threats. Freshwater snails with translucent shells, e.g. snails from the Radix genus, differ considerably in their mantle pigmentation patterns, with snails from the same water body ranging from being completely dark pigmented to having only a few dark patterns. These pigmentation differences
Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was studied in laboratory scale experiments as well as in a full scale EBPR process. The studies were focused on carbon source transformations, the use of nitrate as an electron acceptor and characterisation of the microflora. A continuous anaerobic/aerobic laboratory system was operated on synthetic wastewater with acetate as sole carbon source. An ef
IMPORTANCE Active perinatal care increases the rate of survival of extremely preterm infants, but there are concerns that improved survival might increase the rate of disabled survivors. OBJECTIVE To determine the neurodevelopmental outcomes of a national cohort of children 6.5 years of age who had been born extremely preterm (<27 weeks' gestational age) in Sweden. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANT
Studies of predator-mediated selection on behaviour are critical for our understanding of the evolution and maintenance of behavioural diversity in natural populations. Consistent individual differences in prey behaviour, especially in the propensity to take risks ("boldness"), are widespread in the animal kingdom. Theory predicts that individual behavioural types differ in a cost-benefit trade-of
OBJECTIVE: Topical negative pressure therapy has excellent healing effects in poststernotomy mediastinitis. Topical negative pressure therapy reduces bacterial counts, increases wound edge microvascular blood flow and granulation tissue formation, and facilitates healing. No study has yet been performed to examine the effect of topical negative pressure on the blood and fluid content in the sterna
Climate warming will increase the drought exposure of many forests world-wide. It is not well understood how trees adapt their hydraulic architecture to a long-term decrease in water availability. We examined 23 traits characterizing the hydraulic architecture and growth rate of branches and the dependent foliage of mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees along a precipitation gradient (855-
Background: Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) enables non-invasive quantification of cardiac output (CO) and thereby cardiac index (CI, CO indexed to body surface area). The aim of this study was to establish if CI decreases with age and compare the values to CI for athletes and for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods: CI was measured in 144 healthy volunteers (39 +/- 16 ye
OBJECTIVES: A six country Pan-European study of aspects of urogenital ageing (UGA). METHODS: The study was carried out using a stratified random sample of 3000 women between the ages of 55 and 75 years. RESULTS: A total of 30% suffered from UGA symptoms, of whom 60% made efforts to alleviate their UGA problems, most commonly using HRT. There were some international differences regarding womens' pe
A new project based on continuous bi-annual surveys of hectare plots is introduced with the aim to monitor future floristic changes as well as environmental conditions that may be assessed based on species-specific plant traits or ecological indicator values. As a trade-off between the needs for representativeness at the landscape scale and field work efficiency, the hectare plots have been placed
Background: Preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction share some pathophysiologic features and are both associated with placental insufficiency. Fetal cardiac remodeling has been described extensively in fetal growth restriction, whereas little is known about preeclampsia with a normally grown fetus. Objective: To describe fetal cardiac structure and function in pregnancies complicated by preeclam
We report a novel approach for single-shot planar imaging of CH3 radicals in premixed methane and air flames. A 213 nm beam from the 5th harmonic of an Nd:YAG laser was resonantly absorbed by the CH3 radicals, which were excited to the highly pre-dissociative upper level and dissociated to H2 and CH (X), as the main dissociation channel. The CH radicals were consequently excited by a 388 nm beam f
Comprehensive but interpretable assessment of the environmental performance of diets involves choosing a set of appropriate indicators. Current knowledge and data gaps on the origin of dietary foodstuffs restrict use of indicators relying on site-specific information. This Personal View summarises commonly used indicators for assessing the environmental performance of diets, briefly outlines their
(1) Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare systemic disease, which often affects the esophagus, leading to dilation and complications such as dysphagia and reflux. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition with recurrent episodes of upper airway collapsibility and is known to impair quality of life (QoL). The primary aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of esophag
Shared housing is a rather unusual phenomenon in Sweden. However, due to the decreasing availability of affordable housing and a large share of single-person households in urban areas, sharing is on the rise and new forms of shared housing have entered the market. By analysing how shared housing overlaps with existing patterns of socioeconomic segregation and by interviewing developers of diverse
Popular Abstract in Swedish Internationalisering av högre utbildning beskrivs i första delen av avhandlingen i ett vidare perspektiv, flera olika forskningstraditioner som berör högre utbildning och internationalisering beskrivs i syfte att utgöra en bakgrund för argument som framhåller ett pedagogiskt och didaktiskt perspektiv som väsentligt i samband med utveckling och konkretisering av en interThe development of higher education in the Western countries involves ideas of internationalisation, included in curricular objectives. Policy-makers stipulate internationalisation ideologies, from a politico-economic perspective, where ideas about flows of various cultural elements are incorporated in visionary idealistic terms. Nevertheless teachers and students and others concerned with higher
Aims: The hypothesis of 'metabolically healthy obesity' implies that, in the absence of metabolic dysfunction, individuals with excess adiposity are not at greater cardiovascular risk We tested this hypothesis in a large pan-European prospective study. Methods and results: We conducted a case-cohort analysis in the 520 000-person European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (
Background: Depression is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aims were to explore the prevalence of depression, anxiety, antidepressant use, obesity, Hemoglobin A1c > 64 mmol/mol, life-style factors, pre-existing CVD, in patients with newly diagnosed T2D; to explore associations with depression; and to compare with Swedish general population data. Methods
BACKGROUND: Brief admission by self-referral, a novel crisis intervention designed to reduce suicide and self-harm in adults, was adopted for adolescents in paediatric psychiatry in Malmö, Sweden, in 2018. We aimed to investigate changes in utilisation of emergency psychiatric care.METHODS: We did an observational longitudinal cohort study in The University Hospital in Malmö, Sweden, which provide
Lars Elleström’s impact on intermedial studies is undoubtedly foundational, multifaceted and systematic. However, his medium-centered model of communication may be said to rephrase some arbitrary communication constants, such as the principle of transfer/transmission of cognitive import between source and target and through the media product. These kind of theoretical attachments imply that severaLars Elleström’s impact on intermedial studies is undoubtedly foundational, multifaceted and systematic. However, his medium-centered model of communication may be said to rephrase some arbitrary communication constants, such as the principle of transfer/transmission of cognitive import between source and target and through the media product. These kind of theoretical attachments imply that severa
Introduction: Animal-assisted and nature-based interventions in psychosocial treatment for various groups of clients have been studied internationally. However, there is little knowledge about how young adults with autism experience participation in such types of interventions. This clinical study aimed to describe the feasibility of animal-assisted and nature-based activities on a farm as a compl
