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Chronic hyperglycemia leads to deterioration of insulin release from pancreatic beta-cells as well as insulin action on peripheral tissues. However, the mechanism underlying beta-cell dysfunction resulting from glucose toxicity has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to define a set of alterations in mitochondrial protein profiles of pancreatic beta-cell line in response to

Uraemia is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Osteopontin (OPN) is highly expressed in aortas of uraemic apolipoprotein E knockout (E KO) mice. OPN affects key atherogenic processes, i.e. inflammation and phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We explored the role of OPN on vascular pathology in uraemic mice. Uraemia was induced by 5/6 nephrectomy in E KO and in OPN and

PURPOSE: preeclampsia (PE) is a severe, multi-system pregnancy disorder of yet unknown cause, missing means of treatment, and our fundamental understanding of the disease is still impaired. The purpose of this discovery study was to define candidate placenta tissue protein biomarker signatures to further decipher the molecular features of PE.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: we used recombinant antibody microa

Human embryonic stem cells offer a potential unlimited supply for functional hepatocytes, since they can differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells displaying a characteristic hepatic morphology and expressing various hepatic markers. These cells could be used in various applications such as studies of drug metabolism and hepatotoxicity, which however, would require a significant expression of drug

Peroxidase-like activity of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) has been recently disclosed. To maximize such activity, two catalytically conserved residues (histidine and arginine) found in the distal pocket of peroxidases have successfully been introduced into that of the VHb. A 15-fold increase in catalytic constant (k(cat)) was obtained in P54R variant, which was presumably attributable to the lower

Storm water quality was monitored at four sites in a middle-sized Swedish town. The objective was to compare storm water pollution in the first flush storm water runoff between sites with different traffic intensities within a town. Flow proportional storm water runoff samples were collected. The samples were analyzed for suspended solids, conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, oil index,

Many filamentous organisms, such as fungi, grow by tip-extension and by forming new branches behind the tips. A similar growth mode occurs in filamentous bacteria, including the genus Streptomyces, although here our mechanistic understanding has been very limited. The Streptomyces protein DivIVA is a critical determinant of hyphal growth and localizes in foci at hyphal tips and sites of future bra

The nervous system is engaged by infection, indirectly through inflammatory cascades or directly, by bacterial attack on nerve cells. Here we identify a neuro-epithelial activation loop that participates in the control of mucosal inflammation and pain in acute cystitis. We show that infection activates Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) and Substance P (SP) expression in nerve cells and bladder epitheli

The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary arch

A fundamental understanding of protein stability and the mechanism of denaturant action must ultimately rest on detailed knowledge about the structure, solvation, and energetics of the denatured state. Here, we use 17O and 2H magnetic relaxation dispersion (MRD) to study urea-induced denaturation of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP). MRD is among the few methods that can provide molec

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) develops in about 40% of insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (TlDM) patients, and is associated not only with diabetes duration and metabolic control, but also with a genetic predisposition. Constitutive alterations of cytoskeletal proteins may play a role in the development of DN. We investigated the expression of these proteins in cultured skin fibroblasts, obtai