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Aims: In a co-twin control design, we aimed to examine whether individuals who initiate metformin treatment have an altered risk of incident diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA), for up to 11 years after starting the treatment, compared with their non-treated co-twin. Methods: In all twin pairs different for metformin treatment (N=1 261 pairs) and all eligible twins/singletons (N=52 341) aged 35–75 ye
Introduction: Despite therapeutic achievements in haemophilia care, there is still the need to monitor and define personal treatment outcomes and document results to achieve the best possible care. Hence, a need for unbiased, timely and comprehensive real-world information exists to support informed shared decision-making regarding treatment and care. Aim: To describe a medical device for people l
Introduction: Vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (vNOTES) is a technique combining vaginal entrance to the abdomen with endoscopic overview. Previous studies have shown that vNOTES decreases operating time, hospitalization, postoperative complications, and pain. We aimed to present patient demographics, costs, and surgical outcomes following the implementation of vNOTES for be
This paper investigates the construction of trust in scientific inquiries and defends the importance of social epistemology in 13th century Parisian astronomy. A major issue in ancient and medieval astronomy is attributed to the difficulty of acquiring precise first-hand knowledge of astral phenomena, making collective work necessary, but raising concerns about trusting second-hand knowledge. The
As the green transition requires a radical approach to the re/distribution of resources, the 2024 edition of Lund Architecture Symposium (LAS24) invites a cohort of progressive architectural practices to explore contemporary tendencies in space and materiality. While the construction industry accounts for nearly 40% of the global CO2 footprint – much coming from the production and waste of materia
Happé (Cognition 1993; 48: 101-19) showed that idiom understanding was linked to theory of mind in children with autism. We studied the relationship between the understanding of idioms and first order theory of mind in 26 children, aged 5.1-6.4 years, with language impairment (LI). Theory of mind was assessed by 'droodles'. Idiom understanding was assessed by videotaped sequences in which idioms w
Aim: To model the long-term cost-effectiveness of scaling up two prevention interventions against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), i.e. community mobilisation through participatory learning and action (PLA) and mHealth mobile phone messaging, implemented in rural Bangladesh as part of the “DMagic” trial. Methods: A health-economic Markov model of the three-arm, cluster-randomised controlled DMagic
Nine children with specific and severe developmental language disorder (DLD) were assessed on language, reading and spelling tasks in grades four and five. The DLD children had earlier attended a language preschool program. Four children performed within normal limits on a standardized reading test but only one child reached a normal performance on a spelling test. The best readers and spellers in
In this paper, the problems of defining specific language impairment in children are addressed. In particular, the borderline between specific language impairment and handicaps involving disorders of pragmatics and/or cognition are scrutinized. The delineation between specific language impairment on the one hand, and language impairment concomitant with other handicaps has, to some extent, been ar
Hyperbolic phonon polaritons - hybridized modes arising from the ultrastrong coupling of infrared light to strongly anisotropic lattice vibrations in uniaxial or biaxial polar crystals - enable to confine light to the nanoscale with low losses and high directionality. In even lower symmetry materials, such as monoclinic (Formula presented.) -Ga2O3 (bGO), hyperbolic shear polaritons (HShPs) further
Descriptions of language and speech are commonly made in either a linguistic or a dynamic mode. The linguistic mode is rate-independent, i.e. it lacks a temporal domain, and is used, for example, in phonological analysis. The dynamic mode is rate-dependent and is commonly used for articulatory and acoustic analyses of speech. In this paper we elaborate three related points. First, we argue for the
2023 marks the year when the UIA World Congress Copenhagen event turns the Øresund Region into the epicenter of global debate on architecture’s capacity to reimagine the transformation of societies into sustainable living. Celebrating this manifestation, which will commence on both sides of the Sound, LAS23 will utilize the New European Bauhaus’ three concepts -- sustainability, aesthetics, inclus
Aim: Allometric relationships, which describe plant growth patterns shaped by environmental conditions, reflect functional trade-offs and represent key functional traits that optimise adaptation, resource acquisition, stress tolerance and competition. Here, we assess how these allometric relationships and associated functional trade-offs drive ecosystem structure, functioning and competitive inter
Background: Technetium-99 m-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal cortical scintigraphy is commonly used in the evaluation of children with urinary tract infections. Pyelonephritis and post-pyelonephritic scarring manifest as renal cortical defects on DMSA renal scintigraphy, including DMSA Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) imaging. SPECT image quality can be degraded by blurring r
Comparative thinking is a fundamental human drive and a hallmark of contemporary life. For social action, such as the learning and use of additional languages, a target for appraisal (an L2 attribute) is evaluated in relation to a comparison standard (an appraiser's standpoint). An appraiser can be the person themselves, another person, a social group, people in a particular social context, or, in
The 2022 edition of Lund Architecture Symposium (LAS22) will engage in (re)activating architectures. During recent years, architecture has frequently been used to communicate the ramifications of contemporary life and culture. Rarer is the communication of architecture’s role within these ramifications. Responding to this dilemma, this symposium will explore architecture that takes a much more act
The 2021 edition of Lund Architecture Symposium (LAS21) will address the emergence of transformatory practices in architecture.The pressing contemporary challenges in global discourse require architects to dissolve – even obliterate – the conventional boundaries between design and implementation. These transformatory practices combine multiple skills from various industries to advance the conjavas
References to politics are currently proliferating within global architecture discourse. The looming perils of climate change, the automation of labor markets, and the breakdown of models for city and state governance, for example, have catalyzed an increasing interest in the politics of architecture. Yet, the relationship between architecture and politics remains unclear. What role can/should pol
This brief summarizes expert knowledge on what really works to protect pollinators. To guide and assist national governments and other relevant governmental bodies in the endeavor to stop and reverse pollinator decline, this brief is intended for everyone interested in pollinator and nature restoration, from local practitioners to national and international governmental agencies.
