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The acylation of α-trinositol is very sensitive to reaction conditions. Competing condensation reactions may give pyrophosphates and cyclic phosphates. Treatment of a tert-ammonium salt corresponding to α-trinositol with carboxylic acid anhydride and DMAP gives a good yield of the expected esters.
Acyloxymethylation of an acylated silver salt of α-trinositol gives, after deprotection, membrane permeable 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,6-tris(ethoxycarbonyloxymethyl sodium phosphate). The acyl groups, 3-(4,5-methylenedioxy-2-nitrophenyl)propanoyl, are cleaved by hydrogenolysis.
Acylation of 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,6-trisphosphate (α-trinositol) followed by alkylation of the phosphate groups with benzyl bromoacetate or 2-benzyloxyethyl iodide and deprotection provides a route to analogues with modified phosphate groups. The modifications made alter steric and ionisation properties but the possibility to participate in hydrogen bonding and ionic interaction is retained.
Phytic acid treated with Baker's yeast gave D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-tris(phosphate) (α-trinositol) which was transformed into (+)-D-1,2-O-isopropylidene-myo-inositol and (-)-D-4,5-tri- O-benzyl-myo-inositol, two key intermediates in the synthesis of optically active myo-inositol derivatives and related compounds.
The reaction of perbenzylated (±)-myo-inositol 1,2-bis- and 1,2,6-tris-phosphites with benzyl bromoacetate, followed by catalytic (Pd/C) hydrogenolysis affords (±)-myo-inositol 1,2-bis- and 1,2,6-tris(carboxymethylphosphonate). The same procedure is used for the synthesis methyl α-D-mannopyranoside 2,3,4-tris(carboxymethylphosphonate).
α-Trinositol analogues, including methyl ethers, deoxy, oxa and aza derivatives were prepared. The parent compound possesses weak analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Removal of the non-phosphorylated hydroxyls generates a compound devoid of analgesic activity but which retains the anti-inflammatory property of the parent compound. The protection of these hydroxyls as methyl ethers lends to
D-(-)-Quinic acid was appropriately protected to permit the phosphorylation of the three vicinal hydroxyl groups. Final deprotection lead to tris(phosphates) possessing the same configuration as the parent α-trinositol and an arm suitable for the attachement of a photoactivable group.
Language and different sexual health discourses constitute barriers to the uptake of information on sexual and reproductive health and rights among migrants. Challenges remain with regards to the design and implementation of culturally appropriate programmes and interventions. This study explored the role of civic communicators in increasing access to sexual health information among migrants reset
Benzylidene protected bis-MPA, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propanoic acid, was synthesised and evaluated as building block in the construction of dendrimers. It was found that the anhydride of benzylidene protected bis-MPA reacts with neopentylic alcohols to give high yields of acylated products. Purification is facilitated by the crystalline nature of most ester products. Deprotection by hydrogenolysis
The use of hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) as a processing aid for linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was investigated. Various generation (or pseudo-generation) HBPs were used which had either 16 carbon atom alkanes or a mixture of 20/22 carbon atom alkanes on the end groups. In addition, the degree of end group substitution was studied. Blends of up to 10% HBP content were mixed via extrusion
This paper uses the notion of material affordances to show that a focus on how people engage with materials helps understanding how organizations transit toward sustainability. Material affordances refer to the enablements and constraints afforded by materials to someone engaging with an environment for a particular purpose. Based on a qualitative study of a company's efforts at becoming circular,
Improving access to SRHR-information and care among refugees and migrants remain a central issue. Countries with strong integration policies have significant reductions in the inequities in sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Securing access to SRHR is linked to the extent to which gender equality is fulfilled, including equal rights for men and women to learn the language and participate in
In the past several years many Western European countries have introduced stricter entry regimes both for third-country nationals, as well as for asylum-seekers and refugees. More recently, since the mixed migratory influx of 2015, the figure of the foreigner has become more and more visible on a national level sparking debates on the future of the European Union (EU), European and national identi
BACKGROUND: Apoptosis is central in both diabetes and atherosclerosis, linked to pancreatic beta cell death and plaque progression. Circulating Caspase-3 has also been associated with diabetes and coronary calcium score. Here, we explored if soluble Caspase-3 (sCaspase-3) is associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors and predicts incidence of diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD).METHODS:
Despite the growing interest in employee voice, real opportunities for co-workers to challenge the status quo are limited (Kenny et al., 2020; Wilkinson et al., 2018; de Maria, 2008). This conceptual paper explores the unruly dimension of employee voice in connection to whistleblowing and protest as modes of ethical resistance (de Maria, 2008). It partly follows recent attempts inorganisation stud
