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Adenovirus-based (Ad) vectors are used widely for experimental gene transfer to the CNS. Ad transduce many cell types including postmitotic neurons. However, their use for, CNS gene transfer is limited due to the host immune response elicited. Furthermore, the extensive distribution of the primary cellular receptor for Ad, the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), allows adenoviral vectors
An effective solvent model with an explicit solvent representation is described. The modelled perturbation of the solute due to the discrete solvent molecules includes polarization and a non-electrostatic interaction. The latter depends on the overlap between the solute wave function and the solvent orbitals and approximately accounts for the restraint the Pauli principle puts on the space which t
Individual differences in animal behavior can be attributed to genetic as well as non-genetic influences. One mechanism by which the behavioral phenotype of an individual can be shaped is via transmission of maternal sex steroids. In this study, we examined the role of yolk testosterone (T) in controlling neophobia in 9-month-old, sexually mature zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Offspring hatc
The aim of the article is to put together four different studies and research perspectives. The four authors present their own studies about drug addicted mothers; fathers called into question by child welfare authorities; children in foster care; child welfare services. The four studies have a qualitative approach, interviewing parents and children in vulnerable positions and in contact with chil
Passivity arguments have long been used in the analysis of systems with friction. This paper proves a new set of integral quadratic constraints, which reduces the conservatism of such methods. The result is used to derive a quantitative bound on the amount of integrator leakage that is needed to remove stiction-induced oscillations in a servo system. Finally, an incremental version of the circle c
Assessing the timescales of recovery, by the use of dynamic models, will be used as input to the policy process to abate acidification. In this study the multilayer dynamic soil chemistry model SAFE was applied to 16 forest sites in Sweden, covering a sulfur deposition gradient of 1.2-11 kg S/ha/yr. Soil samples were collected at all sites and the pH and sulfate concentration dependent isotherm, u
We acclimated two species of sculpin, the freshwater prickly sculpin (Cottus asper) and the closely related marine Pacific staghorn sculpin (Leptocottus armatus) to freshwater (similar to 0 g/L), brackish water (15 g/L), and seawater (30 g/L) for at least 4 wk and examined the relationships between respiration, ion regulation, gill morphology, and freshwater tolerance. The prickly sculpin successf
The oxidation of free DHA has been investigated with respect to monohydroperoxides and polyhydroperoxides, which were analyzed with a novel HPLC method. The temperature and physical system, i.e., bulk and liposome, were varied. We have also studied the effects of antioxidants Such as alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and juice from sea buckthorn on DHA. The HPLC method, which was performed isocrati
Conventional methods often impose difficulties when measuring the viscosity of fluids containing particles or fibres, e.g. tomato paste or fruit preparations, mainly due to the narrow gaps of the viscometer. In order to solve these problems different geometries have been developed, e.g. different mixer systems and wide gap double concentric cylinders. However, these can not be evaluated assuming a
The limitations of a pseudo-transient approach for modeling temperature wave propagation in district heating pipes were investigated by comparing numerical predictions with experimental data. The performance of two approaches, namely a pseudo-transient approach implemented in the finite element code ANSYS and a node method, was examined for a low turbulent Reynolds number regime and small velocity
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The introduction of TNF- alpha -inhibiting biologicals has been a major therapeutic breakthrough in rheumatoid arthritis therapy. Against a background of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug experience, this review focuses on present experiences and possible future developments. TNF inhibition results in profound improvement in the majority of rheumatoid arthritis patients, but non-re
We examined the gliding flight performance of a jackdaw Corvus monedula in a wind tunnel. The jackdaw was able to glide steadily at speeds between 6 and 11 m s(-1). The bird changed its wingspan and wing area over this speed range, and we measured the so-called glide super-polar, which is the envelope of fixed-wing glide polars over a range of forward speeds and sinking speeds. The glide super-pol
Det finns många goda skäl att för olika socialpolitikområden göra jämförelser mellan de nordiska länderna. Detta gäller inte minst för äldreomsorgen. Tillförlitliga studier kräver jämförbar statistik. Den nordiska statistiken inom äldreområdet är emellertid disparat avseende begrepp, insamlingsmetoder och redovisningsmått. Ansvariga statistikmyndigheter borde sträva efter att enhetliggöra statisti
A celebrated theorem in operator theory is A. Beurling's description of the invariant subspaces in $H^2$ in terms of inner functions [Acta Math. {\bf81} (1949), 239--255; MR0027954 (10,381e)]. To do the same thing for the Bergman space $L^2_a$ has been deemed virtually impossible by many analysts, in view of the fact that the lattice of invariant subspaces is so large, and that the invariant subsp
The Furuta pendulum consists of an arm rotating in the horizontal plane and a pendulum attached to its end. Rotation of the arm is controlled by a DC motor, while the pendulum is moving freely in the plane, orthogonal to the arm. Motivated, in particular, by possible applications for walking/running/balancing robots, we consider the Furuta pendulum as a system for which synchronized periodic motio
Nitric oxide (NO) has concentration-dependent biphasic myocardial contractile effects. We tested the hypothesis, in isolated rat hearts, that NO cardiostimulation is primarily non-cGMP dependent. Infusion of 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, 10(-5) M), which may participate in S-nitrosylation (S-NO) via peroxynitrite formation, increased the rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dP/dt; 19 +/- 4%,
In order to reconstruct the late Pleistocene seismic stratigraphy, 550 km of high-density 3.5 kHz subbottom seismic-reflection profiles were recorded within a 70 km(2) area in the narrow offshore border zone between Germany and Denmark. A depositional unit 3 was analysed for its seismic facies association, and in the central study area mound, oblique, channel, reflection-free, shingled, hummocky,
