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The morphologies and proton-transport efficiencies of segmented copoly(arylene ether sulfone) ionomers that contain tetrasulfonated sequences are compared with the corresponding copolymers with disulfonated sequences. Tetrasulfonated 4,4′-bis[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-1,1′-biphenyl (sBCPSBP) is synthesized by metalation and sulfination. This new monomer is then used in K2CO3-mediated polycondensat

Background Little is known about the influence of compliance with neuromuscular training (NMT) on the knee injury rate in football. Aim To evaluate team and player compliance with an NMT programme in adolescent female football and to study the association between compliance and acute knee injury rates. Methods Prospective cohort study based on a cluster randomised controlled trial on players aged

p53 is involved in stress response, metabolism and cardiovascular functioning. The C-allele of rs1042522 in the gene encoding for p53 is associated with longevity and cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of rs1042522 with changes in blood pressure, BMI and waist circumference using a longitudinal approach. Rs1042522 was analyzed in two longitudinal studies; the Doetinchem

BACKGROUND: Internal hernias occur frequently after laparoscopic gastric bypass. We have found no data on the relative strength of the various techniques available for closing these defects. The present study was performed to obtain such data to form a theoretical basis for clinical studies. METHODS: Six piglets were operated laparoscopically and four loops of small bowel created in each. These me

BACKGROUND: The need for completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in breast cancer patients with micrometastases in the sentinel nodes (SNs) is controversial. The aim of this retrospective observational study is to determine if the method of detection of early breast cancer is predictive for additional positive nodes in patients with micrometastases in the SNs. METHODS: Between 2001 and 20

In this study, we assessed the performance of discharge simulations by coupling the runoff from seven Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs; LPJ, ORCHIDEE, Sheffield-DGVM, TRIFFID, LPJ-GUESS, CLM4CN, and OCN) to one river routing model for 16 large river basins. The results show that the seasonal cycle of river discharge is generally modeled well in the low and middle latitudes but not in the hi

Much of the Baltic Sea is currently classified as 'affected by eutrophication'. The causes for this are twofold. First, current levels of nutrient inputs (nitrogen and phosphorus) from human activities exceed the natural processing capacity with an accumulation of nutrients in the Baltic Sea over the last 50-100 years. Secondly, the Baltic Sea is naturally susceptible to nutrient enrichment due to

Hemorrhage is a rare but dreaded complication after pancreatic surgery. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence, risk factors, management, and outcome of postpancreatectomy hemorrhage in a tertiary care center. A retrospective observational study was conducted on 500 consecutive patients undergoing major pancreatic resections at our institution. Postpancrea-tectomy hemorrhage was define

No consensus treatment regime exists beyond surgery for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST), and the purpose of the present study was to find new approaches to stratify patients with good and poor prognosis and to better guide therapeutic intervention for this aggressive soft tissue cancer. From a total of 67 MPNSTs from Scandinavian patients with and without neurofibromatosis type 1

Aim. The aim of this study was to compare preoperative patient evaluation by a vascular physician with a standardized workup protocol prior to elective endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), in terms of differences in patient medication and mortality. Methods. Consecutive patients with infrarenal AAA treated with standard EVAR from 1998 to 2006 (group 2) and 2007

Large real-world registry data are important for understanding the current use and outcomes of novel therapies. The aim of this study was to assess treatment patterns and outcomes in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with prasugrel or clopidogrel. Consecutive patient data from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (SCAAR) for 2010 and 2011 were use

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the diagnostic workup in patients referred for endovascular mesenteric revascularization for symptomatic mesenteric atherosclerotic disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-five patients were identified between 2006 and 2011. Median follow-up time was 24 months. RESULTS: Median age was 71 years, 67 % were women. Forty patients had acute on chronic mesenteric ische

The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are ~22 nucleotide RNAs that inhibit protein synthesis in a sequence-specific manner and are present in a range of species, has born hope of new therapeutic strategies. miRNAs play important roles in development "Development" of what??and disease, but they remain poorly studied in uropathologies beyond cancer. Here, we discuss biologica

Objective The objective of this article is to determine if maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of Down syndrome in the offspring and whether the risk estimates for trisomy 21 based on combined screening is affected by maternal body mass index (BMI). Methods Study group I consisted of a nationwide cohort of 1 568 604 women giving birth; outcome was infants born with Down syndrome

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are the most polymorphic genes found in the vertebrate genome, and they encode proteins that play an essential role in the adaptive immune response. Many songbirds (passerines) have been shown to have a large number of transcribed MHC class I genes compared to most mammals. To elucidate the reason for this large number of genes, we compared 14 MHC c

We use a nested-grid version of the GEOS-Chem chemistry transport model, constrained by isoprene emissions from the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN), and the Lund-Potsdam-Jena General Ecosystem Simulator (LPJ-GUESS) bottom-up inventories, to evaluate the impact that surface isoprene emissions have on formaldehyde (HCHO) air-mass factors (AMFs) and vertical column densit

Background: Apolipoprotein J (ApoJ) is a component of plasma high-density lipoproteins. Previous studies have shown progressive recovery of ApoJ sialic acid content with increased duration of alcohol abstinence. Therefore, the sialic acid index of plasma apolipoprotein J (SIJ) seems to be a promising alcohol biomarker. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a direct ethanol metabolite and has recently attr

We present comprehensive results on continuous atmospheric cluster and particle measurements in the size range similar to 1-42 nm within the European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) project. We focused on characterizing the spatial and temporal variation of new particle formation events and relevant particle formation parameters across Europe. Dif

Objective: We studied the independent and joint effects of the genes encoding alpha-synuclein (SNCA) and microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) in Parkinson disease (PD) as part of a large meta-analysis of individual data from case-control studies participating in the Genetic Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease (GEO-PD) consortium. Methods: Participants of Caucasian ancestry were genotyped for