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The potential risk for consumers to be exposed to banned azo dyes in leather is strong motivation for the development of an analytical test procedure with improved accuracy. The currently most accepted analytical procedure for this application, the German standard DIN 53316 method, suffers from major drawbacks including low accuracy and the usage of hazardous organic solvents. As a consequence, an

A method is presented for collecting data which yield a scale on which the entities are ranked in preference and all combinations of value distances are ranked (higher-ordered metric scale). The method is based on the concept of secondary preference, i.e. preference among preferences. This method is compared with a classical method based on 50–50 game comparison. Two empirical studies are presente

Current internal radiation dosimetry models for the small intestine, and for most walled organs, lack the ability to account for the activity uptake in the intestinal wall. In existing models the cross-dose from nearby loops of the small intestine is not taken into consideration. The aim of this investigation was to develop a general model for calculating the absorbed dose to the radiation-sensiti

More and more countries are now permitting a classification of structural elements with respect to fire exposure to be formulated analytically as an alternative to the internationally preualent method of classification, based on results of standard fire resistance tests. In some countries, the authorities also have taken the next step to approve a general practical application of a direct analytic

In the study of economic-geographic structures, the shifting focus from the national state to the city and its region has highlighted the lack of reliable interurban data sets. The abundance of usable data sets on international structures and ?ows has no counterpart when studying interurban relations, which makes it hard to draw any extensive conclusions regarding the structure of world city netwo

OBJECTIVE: Despite a change of fetal physiologic and biochemical functions with gestational age, stationary umbilical cord acid-base reference values are used as measures of obstetric care quality. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of low Apgar score relative to low pH when using stationary versus gestational age-adjusted reference values. METHODS: Umbilical artery pH was determined in

Popular Abstract in Swedish De flesta primärar hjärntumörer utgår ifrån astrocyter, oligodendrocyter och ependymala celler, som är hjärnvävnadens egna celler. Cirka hälften av dessa tumörer ingår i en grupp där tumörtypen heter gliom. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) är den mest elakartade tumören inom denna grupp och också den vanligast förekommande.Trots stora forskningssatsningar är behandlingsstrGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant and also the most common form of brain tumour in humans. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate morphological and diagnostics features in human GBM that may be of importance for prognosis and treatment. Immunohistochemically stained tissue sections have been microscopically analysed regarding immuno-reactive cells, cell proliferation,

This review summarizes and discusses the use of central health registers in studies of causes of congenital malformations. The review is illustrated using data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register with adjacent registers and gives examples of different methods to identify environmental exposures. The review stresses the usefulness of this approach but also the inherent problems of which the res

Reduction of the model platinum(IV) complexes cis-[PtCl4(NH3)(2)] (1), trans-[PtCl4(NH3)(2)] (2). trans-[PtCl2(en)(2)](2+) (3), trans-[PtBr2(NH3)(4)](2+) (4), [PtCl6](2-) (5), and [PtBr6](2-) (6) with L-ascorbic acid (H(2)Asc) in 1.0 M aqueous medium at 25 degreesC in the region 1.75 less than or equal to pH less than or equal to 7.20 has been investigated using stopped-flow spectrophotometry. The

The metallation of tetrapyrroles is believed to proceed via a sitting-atop (SAT) complex, in which some of the pyrrole nitrogen atoms are protonated and the metal ion resides above the ring plane. No crystal structure of such a complex has been presented, but NMR and EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure) data has been reported for Cu2+ in acetonitrile, which have been interpreted as the

In this paper, we consider fundamental limitations for DOA estimation with arbitrary lossless antennas or antenna arrays inserted inside a sphere. Spherical vector modes and their associated equivalent circuits and Q factor approximations are employed as a general framework for the analysis. The classical broadband matching theory by Fano is extended to a general multiport S-parameter model of the

We show the implications of the commonly observed age-related decline in aboveground productivity of forests, and hence forest age structure, on the carbon dynamics of European forests in response to historical changes in environmental conditions. Size-dependent carbon allocation in trees to counteract increasing hydraulic resistance with, tree height has been hypothesized to be responsible for th