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Social capital research has consistently shown positive associations between generalised trust and health outcomes over 2 decades. Longitudinal studies attempting to test causal relationships further support the theory that trust is an independent predictor of health. However, as the reverse causality hypothesis has yet to be empirically tested, a knowledge gap remains. The aim of this study, ther
Converting information into work has, during the past decade, gained renewed interest as it gives insight into the relation between information theory and thermodynamics. Here, we theoretically investigate an implementation of Maxwell's demon in a double quantum dot and demonstrate how heat can be converted into work using only information. This is accomplished by continuously monitoring the charg
Little is known about the demographic/life-style/physiological determinants explaining the variation of serum perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) concentrations in children. We identified significant determinants in children and investigated the influence of low-level PFAA-contaminated drinking water (DW) (<10 ng L-1 of single PFAAs) on serum concentrations. Four perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) and 11 perf
Deposition, annealing, and integration of ferroelectric Hf x Zr 1 - x O 2 (HZO) thin films on the high-mobility semiconductor InAs using atomic layer deposition are investigated. Electrical characterization reveals that the HZO films on InAs exhibit an enhanced remanent polarization compared to films formed on a reference TiN substrate, exceeding 20 μ C / cm 2 even down to an annealing temperature
The sulfation of gas-phase KOH and KCl was investigated in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres at temperatures of 1120 K, 1260 K, 1390 K, and 1550 K. Well-defined gas environments were generated in a laminar flame burner fuelled with CH4/air/O2/N2. Atomized K2CO3 and KCl water solution fog and SO2 were introduced into the hot gas as sources of potassium, chlorine, and sulfur, respectively. The
Nanowires (NWs) are novel nanomaterials with applications in everything from medical implants to solar cells. With increasing number of applications, it is increasingly likely that organisms are exposed to these materials either intentionally or by accident. It is, therefore, important to study their interactions with biological systems and biomolecules. Upon exposure to biological fluids, nanostr
Purpose of Review: Many aspects of reproduction have been associated with increased blood pressure and impaired glucose metabolism that reveals a subsequent increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this review is to assess reproductive life factors associated with an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, e.g., early life programming, sexual, and reproductive health
We apply a spectrally-resolved electron interferometry technique to the measurement of the spectral phase in the vicinity of the 3s13p64p Fano resonance of argon. We show that it allows disentangling the phases of the two nearly-overlapping electron wavepackets corresponding to different spin-orbit final states. Using simple assumptions, it is possible to process the experimental data and numerica
Hypothesis: The anomeric configuration (α or β) of n-hexadecyl-D-maltopyranoside (C16G2) has been shown to affect the morphology of the micelle, from elongated for α-C16G2 to worm-like micelles for β-C16G2. The entanglement of worm-like micelles often leads to strong modifications of the rheological behavior of the system and, as such, the anomeric configuration of C16G2 could also provide the pos
Despite medical, technical, and pedagogical advances, the risk for language impairment is still much higher in deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children than in hearing peers. Research on linguistic, cognitive, and communicative development in DHH children has found a range of basic spoken language deficits. Twenty percent to 50% of deaf children still meet criteria for language impairment. Tests of
Patients with traveler’s diarrhea (TD) can acquire extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing members of the Enterobacterales (EPE) during travel to areas of endemicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of EPE carriage in travelers from southern Sweden who were sampled for bacterial diagnostics of TD compared to those of EPE carriage 10 year
Our understanding on how organisms evolutionarily cope with simultaneously occurring, multiple threats over generations is still elusive. In a long-term experimental study, we therefore exposed clones of a freshwater cladoceran, Daphnia magna, to threats from predation and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) during three consecutive parthenogenetic generations. We show that Daphnia can adapt to different
Foam is one of the unique properties of beer, but how the amphiphilic components stabilize the foam is still not fully understood. This study concerns the main surface active components. For this purpose, protein from barley and iso-humulone from hop, were extracted from raw materials separately to be able to consider their effect separately and in the controlled mixture. The layers were formed in
Antibodies to the Vel blood group antigen can cause adverse hemolytic reactions unless Vel-negative blood units are transfused. Since the genetic background of Vel-negativity was discovered in 2013, DNA-based typing of the 17-bp deletion causing the phenotype has facilitated identification of Vel-negative blood donors. SMIM1, the gene underlying Vel, encodes a 78-amino acid erythroid transmembrane
Here we present a method to control the size of the openings in hexagonally organized BCP thin films of poly(styrene)-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) by using surface reconstruction. The surface reconstruction is based on selective swelling of the P4VP block in ethanol, and its extraction to the surface of the film, resulting in pores upon drying. We found that the BCP pore diameter increa
Retrofitting historical buildings was neglected for many years, as common systems could not be used. Now that technology has evolved, retrofitting buildings worth preserving is getting more common and can play a significant role in reaching climate targets by reducing the energy use. In order to produce equally much or more energy as the respective buildings use renewably and on site, the exploita
GaSb-based nanowires in a gate-all-around geometry are good candidates for binary p-type transistors, however they require the introduction of compressive strain to enhance the transport properties. Here, we for the first time demonstrate epitaxial GaSb-GaAsxSb1−x core-shell nanowires with a compressively strained core. Both axial and hydrostatic strain in GaSb core have been measured by X-ray dif
BACKGROUND: Iodine has been suggested to protect against breast cancer, but there are no epidemiologic studies on individual risk. An interesting finding is that in areas where the exposure to both selenium and iodine are high (e.g., Japan), the risk of breast cancer is lower than in areas where selenium is high and iodine low (e.g., United States), or in areas where both are low (e.g., Northern E
The rapid pace of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19) pandemic presents challenges to the real-time collection of population-scale data to inform near-term public health needs as well as future investigations. We established the COronavirus Pandemic Epidemiology (COPE) consortium to address this unprecedented crisis on behalf of the epidemiology research comm
