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ObjectivesThis nested case–control study aimed to investigate the relationship between components of the Swedish food-based dietary guidelines (SDG) from 2015 and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsData were obtained from the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) conducted 1991–1996. Diet was assessed at baseline using a validated diet history method. Incident RA case

This thesis presents four interconnected studies showing methods for characterizing and separating cells based on their acoustic properties, with particular focus on isolating rare cells from blood samples.The first study introduces a technique for single-cell density measurements using microcapillary-adapted density gradient centrifugation. Using fluorescent markers to visualize the density gradi

Background: The increased prevalence of atopic diseases may be due to lifestyle changes affecting our exposure to microbes. We investigated the association between infections, fever, and atopic diseases in a large international birth cohort setting. Methods: 3842 children at genetic risk for type 1 diabetes were followed prospectively for the first 10 years for the occurrence of infections and ato

Halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a transformative photovoltaic technology, achieving unprecedented power conversion efficiencies. However, the development of electron-transport materials (ETMs), particularly organic ETMs, has significantly trailed behind the rapid progress in hole-transport materials (HTMs). Among the organic ETMs, naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based systems stand

Stage- and lineage-specific gene expression patterns are controlled by a complex interplay between transcription factors, the epigenetic landscape, and the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the DNA. The 3D structure allows for the formation of DNA loops that juxtaposition distal regulatory elements to the promoters, allowing for tight control of gene expression. Developing a tool to facilitate t

Venetoclax-obinutuzumab (Ven-Obi) is a standard first-line therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The impact of age, fitness, and dose reductions remains unclear. We analyzed patients treated with Ven-Obi in the CLL13 and CLL14 trials, excluding patients with TP53 aberrations. Fitness was assessed using the cumulative illness rating scale (CIRS, >6) and creatinine clearance (≤70 mL

Acoustofluidic particle manipulation has attracted considerable interest in biomedical applications due to its non-contact and label-free characteristics. However, existing computational models for predicting particle motion in acoustofluidic systems mainly focus on single-particle behavior, often neglecting particle–particle interactions and the impact of particle distribution on the acoustic and

Histatins are a family of multifunctional, cationic histidine-rich saliva peptides. The most prominently represented are Histatin 1, Histatin 3, and Histatin 5. Despite considerable similarities in primary structure, the three members are known to display varied antimicrobial properties and healing abilities. This study aims to provide a detailed structural comparison of Histatin 1, Histatin 3, an

Background: The 313-variant polygenic risk score (PRS313) provides a promising tool for clinical breast cancer risk prediction. However, evaluation of the PRS313 across different European populations which could influence risk estimation has not been performed. Methods: We explored the distribution of PRS313 across European populations using genotype data from 94,072 females without breast cancer

In this work, we have studied how the choice of the continuous phase oils affects droplet-internal acoustic manipulation and mapped the acoustic properties of the selected oils to evaluate their compatibility with droplet acoustofluidic methods. The selection of continuous phase included hydrocarbon, fluorinated, and silicone oils. To map the acoustic properties of the oils, we measured their spee

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of telemedicine-delivered diet and/or exercise interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people at risk. Methods: Embase (via Ovid), Medline (via Ovid), Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus and SciELO were searched from January 2010–December 2020 for intervention studies using a diet and/or exercise intervention delivered through telemedicine for T2D prev

Background: Individuals with diabetes (DM) are often treated with statins, which have a rare side effect: peripheral neuropathy. We aimed to study whether statin treatment affects the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and ulnar nerve entrapment (UNE) in type 2 DM (T2DM). Methods: We combined multiple national registers in Sweden to identify individuals diagnosed with CTS or UNE in specialized c

In multiple myeloma (MM), advancements in treatments and toxicity management have enhanced survival rates. This, coupled with shifting age demographics in MM, necessitates an updated assessment of infection risks in MM patients compared to the general population. Using Swedish population-based registries, we investigated the incidence of infections in 8,672 Swedish symptomatic MM patients diagnose

Antibiotic persistence arises when a subset of cells in an otherwise susceptible bacterial population temporarily exhibits elevated tolerance to bactericidal antibiotics. While significant progress has been made in elucidating persister mechanisms, much of this research has focused on Gram-negative bacteria, and these findings are not always applicable to Gram-positive species. This study explores

Introduction: Extrauterine pregnancy (EP), represents a significant challenge in reproductive medicine, manifesting in approximately 2% of all pregnancies, primarily implanting within the fallopian tubes (95%). Surgery remains a cornerstone in the therapeutic options for ectopic pregnancies. The most common surgical approach at the moment is laparoscopy. However a relatively new surgical technique

Micro-LEDs have emerged as a hot research topic due to their potential for next-generation display and lighting applications, necessitating advanced characterization techniques to optimize their performance. This study demonstrates the advantage of cathodoluminescence in the scanning electron microscope to be a critical tool for the optical characterization of InGaN platelets with red quantum well

Background: Air pollution has been linked to breast cancer risk, but previous studies have seldom considered specific exposure windows, like pregnancy. During pregnancy the breast undergoes substantial changes and exposures may have a stronger impact than if they occurred during other time periods. This study aims to identify associations between ambient air pollution exposure during pregnancy and

Minimal Kitaev chains, composed of two quantum dots connected via a superconductor, have emerged as an attractive platform to realize Majorana bound states (MBSs). These excitations exist when the ground state is degenerate. The additional requirement of isolating the MBS wave functions further restricts the parameter space to discrete sweet spots. While scaling up to Kitaev chains with more than

The coherence factors of quasiparticles in a superconductor determine their properties, including transport as well as their susceptibility to electric fields. In this work, we propose a way to infer the local coherence factors using local transport to normal leads. Our method is based on measuring the local current through a lead as the coupling to a second one is varied; the shape of the current