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Background: The association between adiposity and cardiometabolic traits is well known from epidemiological studies. Whilst the causal relationship is clear for some of these traits, for others it is not. We aimed to determine whether adiposity is causally related to various cardiometabolic traits using the Mendelian randomization approach. Methods and Findings: We used the adiposity-associated va
This study reports the changes in number of breeding Starlings Sturnus vulgaris as recorded in seventeen areas distributed over all Sweden in 1981-2002. The number of breeding attempts declined by about fifty percent, consistent with the general decline observed in the Swedish Breeding Bird Survey. In no area was a long-term increase observed. There was no consistent geographical pattern; areas wi
Popular Abstract in Swedish I fem autopsistudier undersöktes humana käkledspreparat med tomografi (skiktröntgen), makroskopiskt (inspektion) och mikroskopiskt för förekomst av degenerativa (nedbrytande) förändringar. Speciellt undersöktes förekomst av erosiva förändringar i benet samt förändringar i den förkalkade broskzonen (skiktet mellan mjukbrosk och ben). Det förkalkade brosket var i normalaIn five autopsy specimen studies human temporomandibular joints were investigated by conventional tomography, macroscopy, and microscopy for degenerative changes, in particular erosive hard-tissue changes.In the microscopical evaluation special attention was paid to the calcified cartilage. The calcified cartilage was outlined by a flat or gently undulating basophilic tidemark and an irregular os
Background. The aim was to evaluate whether patients with benign ovarian cysts, functional ovarian cysts, or endometriosis have an increased risk of developing gynecologic cancer. Methods. The Swedish Hospital Discharge Register was used to identify a cohort of women discharged from hospital with the diagnoses of ovarian cyst (n = 42 217), functional ovarian cyst (n = 17 998), or endometriosis (n
Summer N-2-fixing cyanobacterial blooms are a common feature in the Baltic Sea, and the occurrence of Nodularia spumigena toxic blooms is of particular concern. Cyanobacterial blooms can be favoured by certain conditions including high concentrations of dissolved organic matter, which may increase the availability of iron critical for N-2 fixation. Cyanobacteria may negatively affect grazers becau
Male sex development and reproductive function is regulated by androgens acting via the androgen receptor (AR). The AR harbours two polymorphic repeats of CAG and GGN triplets, encoding glutamines and glycines, respectively. Both polymorphisms affect the AR transactivation ability, although the function of the GGN repeat was virtually unknown at the start of this project. Thus, the main purpose wi
Background: Prior studies have identified some risk factors for stress fracture in athletes and military recruits. Objective: To determine whether historical factors, physical measures, biochemical variables of skeletal metabolism, genetic factors, bone density (BMD) and bone size could predict risk of stress fracture over 4 years in physically fit cadets at the US Military Academy (USMA). Methods
This report describes the results obtained from fire tests in a 1/3-scale room. The aim of the study was to investigate how changes in external radiation and oxygen supply affect the production of smoke and toxic gases. The ventilation was varied to simulate under- and well-ventilated fires. The thermal exposure to the materials was varied to simulate fires of different sizes. Fifty-nine tests wer
A model for the web consolidation process in the paper dryer is developed and compared with experimental data for the kraft pulps. The model contains one parameter called the shrinkage factor which is used as the fitting parameter to the experimental data. The shrinkage factor can have a value between zero implying no shrinkage and a value of one which implies that all the liquid volume removed le
Background and Purpose-High-dose heparin has been used extensively to treat patients with progressive ischemic stroke, but the scientific support is poor and the current stroke guidelines advise against its use. We studied how heparin treatment for progressive stroke has been discarded in Sweden. Methods-All 78 hospitals in Sweden that admit acute stroke patients participate in Riks-Stroke, the Sw
Beech bark lesions, (Cryptococcus fagisuga), the most common lichen and fungi epiphytes on beech (Fagus sylvatica) stems were studied at 48 sites in Scania, south Sweden. Different site variables and the influence of nitrogen deposition were investigated. The field vegetation and lichens were used as biological indicators by calculating indices for nutrition status, toxicity, pH, light and moistur
BACKGROUND: The possible excess of congenital malformations in infants born after in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been much discussed in the literature, with controversial conclusions. This population based study is aimed at analyzing the presence of congenital malformations in a large group of infants born after IVF and to compare malformation risk both with that of all infants born and accordin
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDG) and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG) are major lipids in vegetable food. Their digestion and absorption are unknown. This study examines the hydrolysis of galactolipids in vitro with human duodenal contents, pancreatic juice, and purified human pancreatic lipases. Galactolipids were incubated with human duodenal contents
The purpose of this study was to assess the value of the ventilation study in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism using a new automated method. Either perfusion scintigrams alone or two different combinations of ventilation/perfusion scintigrams were used as the only source of information regarding pulmonary embolism. A completely automated method based on computerised image processing and a
The frequency of micronuclei (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) is extensively used as a biomarker of chromosomal damage and genome stability in human populations. Much theoretical evidence has been accumulated supporting the causal role of MN induction in cancer development, although prospective cohort studies are needed to validate MN as a cancer risk biomarker. A total of 6718 subjects
Scheelite CdMoO4 and wolframite eCdWO(4):MO (0.04-0.4wt%) single crystals were studied using the time-resolved spectroscopy under UV excitation over a temperature range of 1.85-300K. The threshold energies for the creation of free charge carriers were measured using the method of photostimulated luminescence. The decay kinetics of the main emission in CdMoO4 and the molybdenum-related emission in
AIMS: To investigate the association between political trust in the Riksdag (the national parliament in Sweden) and having purchased illegal liquor during the past 12 months. METHODS: The 2004 public health survey in Skåne is a cross-sectional postal questionnaire study answered by 27,757 respondents aged 18-80 with a 59% response rate. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the assoc
BACKGROUND: Cyclin A1 is a cell cycle regulator that has been implicated in the progression of prostate cancer. Its role in invasion and metastasis of this disease has not been characterized. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and cDNA microarray analyses were used to assess protein and mRNA expression of cyclin A1 and proteins with roles in metastasis, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEG
Business challenges today are becoming more numerous, and more urgent. Many companies are expanding beyond their traditional product and market boundaries, while others are forming new alliances or outsourcing supporting functions to other producers. The concept of product-service system (PSS), analysed in this study, has the potential to improve companies’ competitiveness and provide new business
