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Objective: To characterize the trend of opioid use (number of users, dispensations and oral morphine milligram equivalents) in Catalonia (Spain). Design, setting, and participants: This population-based cohort study included all individuals aged 18 years or older, registered in the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP), which covers >75% of the population in Catalonia, Spain, fr

Background—The effects of ticagrelor pretreatment in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is debated. This study investigated the effects of ticagrelor pretreatment on clinical outcomes in this patient group. Methods and Results—Patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary PCI were includ

Introduction: Community Case Management (CCM) aims to improve health outcomes among children under five with malaria, diarrhea, and pneumonia, but its effectiveness in Malawi is limited by inconsistent standards of delivery characteristic of paper-based interventions. This may lead to negative impacts on child health outcomes and inefficient use of health system resources. This study evaluated the

Background: Cell therapy constitutes an attractive alternative to treat stress urinary incontinence. Although promising results have been demonstrated in this field, the procedure requires further optimization. The most commonly proposed cell types for intraurethral injections are muscle derived cells (MDCs) and mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect

ABSTRACT AND INTRODUCTION Theories of text and discourse have long assumed the existence of semantic objects called discourse referents, "things being talked about and referred to by pronouns and definite noun phrases"(cf. e.g. Karttunen (1976), Sigurd (1982), Sidner (1983)). Such referents are also often alluded to in sentence grammars, above all in theories of pronominalization and control -ofte

Context. Observations of the Galactic bulge suggest that the disk formed through secular evolution rather than gas dissipation and/or mergers, as previously believed. This would imply very similar chemistry in the disk and bulge. Some elements, such as the α-elements, are well studied in the bulge, but others like the neutron-capture elements are much less well explored. Stellar mass and metallici

Background and purpose — Strenuous efforts to minimize postoperative infection rates have been made, including the Swedish nationwide initiative Prosthesis Related Infections Shall be Stopped (PRISS). This study calculated the incidence rate of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) before and after PRISS. Patients and methods — All 45,438 primary TKAs

BACKGROUND: The Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) trial was a non-inferiority trial that compared percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using first-generation paclitaxel-eluting stents with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with de-novo three-vessel and left main coronary artery disease, and reported results up to 5 years. We now report 10-year all-cau

CONTEXT: Viral/bacterial infection is proposed as a trigger for the autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD): Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Previous studies in European Caucasian AITD subjects found higher birth rates in the autumn/winter, suggesting those born in the autumn/winter experience increased viral/bacterial exposure after birth, impacting upon immune system developmen

The UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 states that access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy should be provided for all by 2030. The effects on socioeconomic development by access to safe, affordable, and clean electricity stands out as educational benefits, income improvement, and health progress. However, the electrification rate has been slow for sub-Saharan Africa and

Background: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), both the time needed for patients to gain symptom improvement with long-acting bronchodilator therapy and whether an early response is predictive of a sustained response is unknown. This study aimed to investigate how quickly meaningful symptom responses are seen in patients with COPD with bronchodilator therapy and whether these respons

OBJECTIVES: To illuminate patterns observed in International Cancer Benchmarking Programme studies by extending understanding of the various influences on presentation and referral with cancer symptoms.DESIGN: Cross-country comparison of Denmark, England and Sweden with qualitative analysis of in-depth interview accounts of the prediagnostic process in lung or bowel cancer.PARTICIPANTS: 155 women

Background: Increased nasal resistance as measured by 4-phase rhinomanometry is associated with a paucity of apneas relative to hypopneas in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. The ratio of hypopneas to apneas for a given apnea hypopnea index (AHI) may influence treatment choice. This study aimed to investigate if OSA patients with an elevated hypopnea apnea ratio are associated with differenc

The purpose of this study was to investigate for how long the thermal power of hydration can be measured with isothermal calorimetry, which is a general measurement technique with stable properties that, in many cases, can detect low rates of processes. Measurements were conducted for 365 days on cement paste with Portland cement, fly ash blended Portland cement and different water-to-binder ratio

Objectives: To compare the short- and long-term emotional distress (grief, anxiety and depressive symptoms) after early miscarriage and satisfaction with treatment between women randomized to expectant management vs vaginal misoprostol treatment. Methods: This was a preplanned analysis of data collected during a randomized controlled trial comparing expectant management with misoprostol treatment

This thesis focuses on the languages of thought of multilingual students writing in English, a non-native language. The study examines which languages are used as languages of thought and what functions these languages serve for year-9 students (age 15-16) in a Swedish high school while writing an essay in English under exam-like conditions. The study sheds detailed light on individual differences

Introduction: Tumour stage is the most important prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The aim of this study was to evaluate if female gender was a prognostic factor in different tumour stages in relation to histology and given therapy. Methods: From 1989-2008, 1497 patients in eastern Scania, in southern Sweden with 202,000 inhabitants, were re

Context. Determination and calibration of the ages of stars, which heavily rely on stellar evolutionary models, are very challenging, while representing a crucial aspect in many astrophysical areas. Aims. We describe the methodologies that, taking advantage of Gaia-DR1 and the Gaia-ESO Survey data, enable the comparison of observed open star cluster sequences with stellar evolutionary models. The