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A major obstacle in ex vivo gene transfer has been the loss of transgene expression soon after implantation of the grafted transduced cells. Recently, a lentiviral vector system has been developed which has proven to express high levels of transgenes in vivo after direct injection into the tissue. In this study, we have investigated the use of such a vector for ex vivo gene transfer to the brain.
According to the European Commission (EC)(2009), the ageing society is one of the grand challenges of our time, and European researchers are encouraged to cooperate to contribute to the knowledge development required to turn the challenges into sustainable solutions. All countries in Europe face similar problems, but there are also marked differences based on cultural and socio-economic diversity
This paper critically scrutinizes the key success factors and tools described in the partnering literature by exploring how they are implemented in a public–private partnering collaboration. In addition to this the paper investigates to what extent these tools facilitate the relationship between the parties in a partnering process. The empirical data consist of two longitudinal case studies. Both
The problem of synthesizing network-decentralized observers arises when several agents, corresponding to the nodes of a network, exchange information about local measurements to asymptotically estimate their own state. The network topology is unknown to the nodes, which can rely on information about their neighboring nodes only. For homogeneous systems, composed of identical agents, we show that a
A novel detection algorithm with an efficient VLSI architecture featuring efficient operation over infinite complex lattices is proposed. The proposed design results in the highest throughput, the lowest latency, and the lowest energy compared to the complex-domain VLSI implementations to date. The main innovations are a novel complex-domain means of expanding/visiting the intermediate nodes of th
In this paper, a novel hard-output detection algorithm for the complex multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detectors is proposed, which results in a significant throughput enhancement, a near-ML performance, and an SNR-independent fixed-throughput. Moreover, a high-throughput VLSI implementation is proposed, which is based on a novel method of the node generation and sorting scheme. The proposed
Background: Serial transverse enteroplasty facilitates weaning from parenteral support in selected patients with short bowel syndrome, although repeated procedure is frequently required. Our aim was to evaluate the outcome of a series of patients after serial transverse enteroplasty and define predictors of repeated serial transverse enteroplasty and weaning off parenteral support. Methods: All ch
This report outlines the potential for a more structured and strategic relationship between the European Union and the Islamic Republic of Iran following the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). To both address areas of disagreement and complaints, as well as pursue common interests and matters of mutual benefit, the EU needs to put in place an institutional framework that can withstand the
In most studies on technology change, the analysis of cost reductions of new energy technologies has been narrow and has often neglected essential processes related to the deployment of new technologies, such as photovoltaics (PV). However, in the case of distributed PV systems, other costs than for the PV modules – aka the deployment or balance-of-system costs – are significant. This review study
Background: This is an update of the Cochrane review published in 2002. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialised countries. Experimental evidence has supported the hypothesis that dietary fibre may protect against the development of CRC, although epidemiologic data have been inconclusive. Objectives: To assess the effect of dietary fibre on the recurren
The concept of a bioeconomy can be understood as an economy where the basic building blocks for materials, chemicals, and energy are derived from renewable biological resources. Biorefineries are considered an integral part of the development toward a future sustainable bioeconomy. The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize current knowledge about how biorefinery technologies are being
Studying successional processes and related factors in salt marshes encompasses both fundamental (community structuration) and applied (biodiversity conservation and restoration) issues. Current managed realignment projects and sites where, in the past, large storm events led to breaches in embankments create unique experimental conditions for such challenges by re-instating tidal inundation and s
The aim of this study is to analyse the Swedish national curriculum from a Marxist perspective. I aim to examine how a Marxist reading can aid in our understanding of not only the document itself and the ideological views portrayed in it, but also the implications this has for English teachers in Sweden today. The schooling which takes place in classrooms, as well as outside of them, is political
The demand for organic products is high in France, and the amount of land under organic production is increasing. This is due to the Organic Certification label, that helps to bring up the price and attractiveness of organic goods, and the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) that provides farmers funds and assistance. However, organic farmers in France still struggle to make ends meet which is detrim
The estimation of a country’s greenhouse gas emissions has appropriately calculated the total footprint of a nation. However, when such estimates are brought down to the level of each economic activity, they do not reflect the total consumption pattern of a sector by not taking intersectoral relationships into account. Therefore, this study has two major purposes: (1) to estimate the greenhouse ga
Background/Problematization: Iconic brands are the gold standard of branding and have established a central role in the consumers’ lives. Behind every iconic brand, we can find iconic products. Despite the importance of these products, iconic products are overlooked in academia. Few studies have explored the concept and there is no common definition or comprehensive framework. This is restrictive
