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Urinary cadmium (U-Cd) sampling can be done either by 24-h urine or spot urine sampling, and adjustment for dilution is usually needed. The choice of sampling period and adjustment technique could, however, potentially induce bias. The aim of the study was to compare 24-h urine and spot urine sampling and two dilution adjustment techniques, when assessing U-Cd. Separate 24-h urine (U24) and timed
To identify markers of non-response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) that could be used in the adjuvant setting. Sixteen pathologists of the European Working Group for Breast Screening Pathology reviewed the core biopsies of breast cancers treated with NAC and recorded the clinico-pathological findings (histological type and grade; estrogen, progesterone receptors, and HER2 status; Ki67; mitotic
BACKGROUND: Sexual reproduction entails the encounter of the sexes and the multiplicity of rituals is parallel to the diversity of mating systems. Evolutionary mechanisms such as sexual selection and sexual conflict have led to the elaboration of traits to gain attention and favours from potential partners. A paradox exists about how coordinated systems can evolve and diverge when there would seem
Atmospheric N deposition is known to severely impact forest ecosystem functioning by influencing soil biogeochemistry and nutrient balance, and consequently tree growth and overall forest health and biodiversity. Moreover, because climate greatly influences soil processes, climate change and atmospheric N deposition must both be taken into account when analysing the evolution of forest ecosystem s
We investigate a new method to place patients into risk groups in censored survival data. Properties such as median survival time, and end survival rate, are implicitly improved by optimizing the area under the survival curve. Artificial neural networks (ANN) are trained to either maximize or minimize this area using a genetic algorithm, and combined into an ensemble to predict one of low, interme
The modeling of industrial combustion applications today is almost exclusively based on two-equation turbulence models. Despite its known limitations, the most the widely used model is still the standard k-ε model. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of two-equation turbulence models applied to a confined swirling flow. Numerical modeling of an axis-symmetric confined sud
Smålands museum, the museum of Småland, is a museum for the county of Kronoberg, a mission given to the museum by the state and county council. The main fields of the museum are the cultural heritage and the history of culture of the region. The museum of Småland is also the Swedish museum of glass. This Master s thesis focuses on the information requirements of the employees at the museum of Smål
This thesis gives a contribution to strategy-proof social choice theory, in which one investigates to what extent there exist voting procedures that never can be manipulated in the sense that some voter by misrepresentation of his preferences can change the outcome of the voting and obtain an alternative he prefers to that honest voting would give. When exactly one element should be elected from a
The purpose of this essay is to acquire variables that explain and may be used as a base for wage estimation in the private sector in Sweden. The factors that are assumed to have an impact on wage estimation are based on earlier Swedish and international studies. Business survey data, which is based upon monthly questions to firms in various sectors of the Swedish economy posed by the Swedish Nati
Today, drug assisted treatment of Methadone and Subutex is well established in Swedish society. However, it has since the late 1960´s been differing perceptions of both the pros and cons on drug assisted therapy. The purpose and aim of this study was to explore and describe what kind of ethical attitudes social workers and representatives of the Swedish Drug Users Union (SDUU) usually have around
Am I allowed to help? – The care manager’s new dilemma Authors: Thea Nilsson Svegard and Helena Rülf Title: Am I allowed to help? – The care manager’s new dilemma Supervisor: Staffan Blomberg Assessor: Alexandru Panican The aim of this essay was to examine how care managers working with elderly look upon their own role in relation to customer-choice. The customer-choice reform is spreading rapi
Den globala uppvärmningen orsakar stigande havsnivåer till följd av avsmältning av landis samt termisk expansion av vattnet. Allvarliga konsekvenser befaras till följd av detta, stora landarealer kan komma att svämmas över vilket bland annat kan bidra till klimatflyktingar. Om havsnivån ökar drastiskt står vi i Sverige inför väldiga utmaningar eftersom stora delar av befolkningen är bosatta längs Global warming is causing rising sea levels due to melting of land ice and thermal expansion of water. This could lead to serious consequences around the world, such as environmental refugees. In case of a radical sea level rise, Sweden faces big challenges because many people live along the coasts. This thesis includes a study on how the Scanian coastal municipalities attack the problem of preven
In the ongoing debate about how we can create a sustainable society, the role of business is negotiated and reshaped with the concept of ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’ (CSR) being central to the discussion. This debate steams from past experiences of business externalities, where costs of business transactions have been offloaded on society. This is also the reality in large dam projects in the
The fight about the syringe - a discourse analysis of the needle exchange debate The debate about needle exchange had been going on for twenty years in Sweden when the Act (2006:323) on the exchange of needles and syringes was introduced in 2006. But still the syringe exchange program is only implemented in Skåne. The purpose of this study was to, with a social constructionist and discourse analy
User Experience is a concept that recently has gained a lot of interest in the high-tech consumer products industry. While technology development has converged and is starting to become a commodity and, as markets mature and loyal customers become more important, User Experience has emerged as a way to gain a competitive advantage. By studying literature, cases and articles, as well as interviewin
Package Prototyping is a group within Tetra Pak R & D in Lund. Package Prototyping is producing different types package prototypes for different purposes. The sealing of the package prototypes is made with various sealing methods, in different sealing rigs, depending on package material. Package Prototyping has had problems with the quality of the package prototypes and have been searching for
Engineering ceramics follow a persistent technical evolution with an increasing amount of applications within advanced industrial solutions. As it is a part of the technological progress, it is of importance that SKF maintain an understanding within the area and stay alert with changes in the environment. There are three main deliveries generated from this report; a market scanning of the most int
This master thesis examines the internationalization of small and medium-seized enterprises with focus on how companies should proceed to establish sales activities overseas. Our thesis work has been done at QlikTech, a small international software company. QlikTech intends to penetrate the British market. The purpose of this master thesis is to create strategies how to gain market shares in the B
A graphic method was developed for presentation of the location and extent of the myocardium at risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This method is based on a mathematical processing of ST-segment deviations of standard 12-lead electrocardiogram following the concept of Titomir and Ruttkay-Nedecky in their dipolar electrocardiotopographic method. The center of the location of t
The solid-state phase behaviour of lyophilised n-dodecyl-beta-D-glucoside (beta-C(12)G(1)), n-dodecyl-beta-D-maltoside (beta-C(12)G(2)) and n-dodecyl-beta-D-maltotrioside (beta-C(12)G(3)) has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray techniques. For beta-C(12)G(1), lyophilisation results in a formation of a crystalline anhydrate. The lamellar spacing (37 angstrom) is c
