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Introduction: Smoking is the most important risk factor for morbidity and mortality in hospital patients. Patient contact with the healthcare system should include smoking cessation counselling. Emergency admissions are seldom given this opportunity.Objective: The aim of the study was to illustrate the implementation of motivational counselling in a department of acute surgery.Methods: Between May
The thesis treats theory and implementation aspects for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation. In Paper I a complete implementation of a stereophonic acoustic echo canceler based on the two-channel fast recursive least-squares algorithm is presented. An analysis of the system calculation complexity is also given, in addition to simulation results on recorded real-life data. Paper II presents a
Popular Abstract in Swedish Även om vi kanske inte tänker på det så ofta så är vår förmåga att bedöma likhet av stor vikt, inte minst då det gäller begreppsbildning och generalisering. Denna avhandling handlar om likhet, speciellt geometriska modeller av likhet. I sådana modeller representeras objekt som punkter i abstrakta rum, och likhet svarar (omvänt) mot avstånd i rummen. Avhandlingen tar uThis dissertation examines and discusses some phenomena related to the geometric representation of similarity. It takes its inspiration from the existing body of empirical research within the fields of perceptual and cognitive psychology, but also connects to certain areas of machine learning. The problems discussed concern the modelling of information integration behavior when concepts like asym
Alport syndrome (AS) is a type IV collagen hereditary disease characterized by progressive hematuric nephritis, hearing loss, and ocular changes. Mutations in the COL4A5 collagen gene are responsible for the more common X-linked dominant form of the disease characterized by much less severe disease in girls and women. A "European Community Alport Syndrome Concerted Action" (ECASCA) group was estab
The arctic fox Alopex lugopus excavates its dens in gravely ridges and hillocks, and creates a local environment quite distinct from the surrounding tundra or heath landscape. In northern Sweden, the vegetation of 18 dens of the arctic fox was investigated, as well as reference areas off the dens but in geologically and topographically similar locations. The species composition showed considerable
In this paper results are presented of ground-based fog microphysical measurements obtained during the CHEMDROP experiment in the Po Valley (Northern Italy) in November 1994. Altogether about 85 hours of drop microphysical data are analyzed. At the beginning of the experiment a comparison of some of the different microphysical instruments, operated during the experiment, was performed. It has reve
The ambition to integrate disaster risk information from multiple stakeholders exists at different scales in any country and serve to control the risk of losses within companies, organizations and countries as a whole. Against the backdrop of extensive deliberations with risk management professionals in Sweden, this paper is based on an interdisciplinary scoping study of literature aimed to enhanc
The purpose of this study was to explore neuroretinal transplantation in a large animal model of severe retinitis pigmentosa and to establish graft development, long-term survival, graft-host integration, and effects on the host retina. Methods Rhodopsin transgenic pigs, aged 6 months, received in one eye a fetal full-thickness neuroretinal sheet in the subretinal space by means of vitrectomy and
The effects of polyamines were investigated in strips of smooth muscle from guinea pig ileum permeabilized with beta-escin (0.005%). Spermine (1 mM) inhibited transient contractions induced in Ca(2+)-free medium by carbachol (0.1 mM) and GTP gamma S (0.1 mM) but potentiated responses to caffeine (20 mM) and D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (40 microM). At high ethylene glycol-bis(beta-amino-ethy
Traditional measures for improved traffic safety need to be complemented by modern technologies in the struggle to reduce the consequences of traffic accidents all over the world. This thesis introduces the Loyal Speed Adaptation (LSA) function based on recent developments in the area of Intelligent Transport Sys-tems to support the vehicle drivers in not using inappropriate or excessive speeds, w
As Covid-19 affects millions of people worldwide, the global health care will encounter an increasing burden of the aftermaths of the disease. Evidence shows that up to a fifth of the patients develop fibrotic tissue in the lung. The SARS outbreak in the early 2000 resulted in chronic pulmonary fibrosis in a subset (around 4%) of the patients, and correlated to reduced lung function and forced exp
Context. Several new multi-object spectrographs are currently planned or under construction that are capable of observing thousands of Galactic and extragalactic objects simultaneously. Aims. In this paper we present a probabilistic fibre-to-target assignment algorithm that takes spectrograph targeting constraints into account and is capable of dealing with multiple concurrent surveys. We present
A method is proposed for realistic simulation of the breast ductal network as part of a computer three-dimensional (3-D) breast phantom. The ductal network is simulated using tree models. Synthetic trees are generated based upon a description of ductal branching by ramification matrices (R matrices), whose elements represent the probabilities of branching at various levels of a tree. We simulated
Can we be mistaken or ignorant about the meaning of our own words? This dissertation explores this question. More specifically it investigates to what extent and in what sense, if at all, the semantic meaning of religious and existentially important words – like ‘God’, ‘friendship’, ‘justice’ or ‘life’ – can be recognition-transcendent to the competent user of them. The possibility of words having
Popular Abstract in Swedish Jonstråleanalys är ett fält inom tillämpad fysik vars utövare sysselsätter sig med bestrålning av olika föremål med joniserande strålning från partikelacceleratorer. Fysiker och kemister observerade i början av nittonhundratalet att joniserande strålning såsom alfapartiklar från radioaktiva källor ger upphov till olika sorters strålning när den växelverkar med materiThe overall goal of this thesis is to test new detector technologies and data acquisition systems, for use in Ion Beam Analysis IBA. This is intended to complement the existing setup, which is routinely used at Lund Ion beam Analysis Facility LIBAF. Proton induced X-ray emission is a well-known method for trace element analysis of heavier elements, but trace element analysis of elements below alum
Development of inhibitory antibodies to infused factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates continues to be the most serious complication of haemophilia A management. Induction of immune tolerance by administering high doses of FVIII concentrate (antigen) and prothrombin complex concentrates to control bleeding was originated in the 1970s in Bonn, Germany, by Dr Hans-Hermann Brackmann, and became known as th
