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Caveolae and lipid rafts are plasma membrane microdomains that are considered to play a role in cellular signalling. Caveolins and cavins as well as cholesterol are required for the structure and function of caveolae. The papers summarized in this thesis examine the role of caveolae in smooth muscle function. Ca2+-sensitization is a contractile process depending on inhibition of myosin phosphatase

Objective. To describe neonatal outcome including the presence of congenital malformations in infants born to women substituted with thyroid hormones, and the maternal characteristics of these women. Design. Register study based on prospectively collected data in relation to delivery. Setting. Swedish Health Registers. Population. All pregnant women (n = 848,468) and all infants born (n = 861,989)

Evidence of a possible association of cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) types, especially members of the genus Betapapillomavirus, and the development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is accumulating. Vaccination with virus-like particles (VLPs) consisting of self-assembled L1, the major capsid protein, has been introduced to control anogenital HPV infection. This study examined the serologic

Test sensitivity pertains to the ability of a test to identify subjects with the target disorder. In cancer screening, test sensitivity can be estimated using interval cancer incidence as an indicator of false-negative result. A randomized trial provides the optimal approach for estimating test sensitivity, as the control arm provides the expected rates. We estimated the sensitivity of the prostat

OBJECTIVE: Describe the clinical course and predictors of change in self-reported outcomes and objectively assessed physical function over time in middle-aged subjects at high risk of, or with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: We examined 259 subjects (mean age 52.6 [SD 10.4]) at mean 18 and 25 years after previous meniscectomy and 50 population-based age- and sex-matched reference subjects with

OBJECTIVEParalleling the rise of pediatric obesity, the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing among youth. In this study, we asked whether the co-occurrence of risk alleles in or near five genes modulating insulin secretion (TCF7L2 rs7903146, IGF2BP2 rs4402960, CDKAL1 rs7754840, HHEX rs1111875, and HNF1A rs1169288) is associated with a higher risk o

When pathogenic bacteria breach the epithelial lining at mucosal surfaces, rapidly available innate immune mechanisms are critical to halt the infection. In the present study, we characterized the production of antibacterial polypeptides released by epithelial cells. IFN-γ, but neither TNF nor IL-1β alone, induced release of antibacterial activity to a cell culture medium, causing a lytic appearan

Phosphonated polymers may show high intrinsic proton conductivities at low water contents provided that the local concentration of phosphonic acid groups is very high [1,2]. Moreover, the lower acidity of aryl- and alkylphosphonic acids in relation to sulfonic acids requires higher acid contents to reach high conductivities also at higher water contents. In this context, poly(vinylphosphonic acid)

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling består av en undersökning av den litterära formen och den litterära kompositionen hos Johannes Klimakos Stege, samt en studie av hur författaren använder traditionen för att undervisa sin läsare. Förutom en kort introduktion och en genomgång av tidigare forskning, omfattar avhandlingen fyra kapitel. I det första kapitlet visas, utifrån ett antal detalj

The aim of this thesis is to describe how the luminosity can be measured in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Luminosity is a fundamental quantity that is used in most physics studies at the LHC. For example in order to measure cross sections. Firstly, the detector description of LUCID which has been implemented in the global ATLAS software framework is described and validated. Se

The current form-giving activity in industrial design is, by and large, characterised by explorations that depend on an individual’s capability to mentally manipulate a solution space from which to select and express the intended result. Designers often rely on artistic experimentation, aesthetic inspiration, or product specifications. Such approaches often lead to satisfactory results, but could

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi blir alla förkylda, får influensa eller magsjuka någon gång då och då. Smittsamma sjukdomar orsakas av patogener, d.v.s. virus, bakterier eller andra typer av parasiter. De flesta patogener som vi kommer i kontakt med tas om hand av vårt effektiva immunförsvar och vi märker i bästa fall inte av smittan. Huruvida vi blir sjuka eller inte när vi utsätts för smitta, berThe Major Histocompatibility Complex (Mhc) genes are crucial for the recognition of self and non-self peptides by the immune defence system. They are extremely variable in most studied vertebrate species. I have studied the extent and the importance of Mhc variation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), mainly from the Baltic Sea. Levels of Mhc heterozygosity in hatchery populations of salmon were bet

The terminal investment hypothesis predicts that individuals should invest more in their present reproduction if they are less likely to survive to future reproductive events. Infections, which reduce viability, may be used by individuals as a cue of a diminishing residual reproductive value and could therefore theoretically trigger an intensification of breeding effort. We tested this hypothesis

Popular Abstract in Swedish Fibromyalgisyndromet (FMS) karakteriseras av långvarig utbredd värk och smärta, ofta följt av trötthet, stelhet och sömnsvårigheter. Symtomen anses kunna förvärras av fysisk eller psykisk överbelastning. Orsakerna till uppkomsten av FMS är inte kartlagda, men utvecklingen av tillståndet och graden av upplevda svårigheter anses kunna bero på flera sammanlänkande mekanismFibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterised by diffuse, long-lasting, widespread pain and aching, accompanied by fatigue, stiffness and sleep disturbances. The symptoms may be aggravated by physiological and psychological overload. The aim of this thesis was to obtain further knowledge of the functional limitations and disabilities of patients with FMS and to evaluate the effects of physical exer

Three pyralid moths, the Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuehniella), the almond moth (Ephestia cautella) and the Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella), infest food products all over the world and cause severe problems in factories, shops and households. For health and environmental reasons chemical control becomes more and more restricted. We here present some promising results offering eff

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det ljus (fotonflöde) som solen sänder ut är grunden för biologiskt liv. Med denna strålning överförs en del av den frigjorda energin från solen till jordens biosfär, där växterna tar upp de energirika fotonerna och omvandlar fotonenergin till kemisk energi. Den kemiska energin lagras sedan som energirika molekyler som transporteras runt i de biologiska systemen för att