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This dissertation investigates the labour migration from Southern Europe to Sweden, and the changes in Swedish immigration policy between 1960 and 1972. The overall ambition is to bring both the state and employers into the analysis of immigration policy and the recruitment of foreign labour - not separately but together in one study. The dissertation is divided into two main parts. The first part
Background: The indications for percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) in renovascular disease, as well as its benefits, remain a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of angioplasty and to identify risk factors associated with less successful outcomes in patients with atheromatous renal artery stenosis and renal failure of varying degrees. Methods: The re
Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy is central to the long-term management of asthma and is extensively used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While administration via inhalation limits systemic exposure compared with oral or injected corticosteroids and, therefore, the risk of systemic corticosteroid-related adverse effects, concerns over the long-term safety of
Ett medlemskap i EU innebär långtgående rättsliga konsekvenser på nationell nivå. Medlemsstaternas suveränitet är emellertid fortfarande relativt oinskränkt på den direkta beskattningens område, vilket följer av att unionen saknar befogenhet på området och medlemsstaterna således åtnjuter exklusiv kompentens. Medlemsstaterna kan fritt utforma sina skattesystem, men den nationella beskattningsrätteAn EU accession involves far-reaching legal consequences on a national level. Nevertheless, the sovereignty of the member states has remained relatively unrestricted in the area of direct taxation. The Union has no remit of competence in the area and the Member States therefore enjoy exclusive competence when it comes to direct taxation. The Member states maintain the right to design their own tax
The aim of the present study is to develop a mathematical model for evaluating therapeutic response of combined treatment modalities. The study was performed in rats of the Fischer-344 strain with rat glioma N32 or N29 tumors implanted subcutaneously on the thigh of the hind leg. Pulsed electric fields, PEF, with 16 exponentially decaying pulses with a maximum electric field strength of 140 V/mm a
Purpose: To investigate whether the reduced retinal function and morphological retinal changes previously demonstrated in ABCA4 carriers had remained stationary or had deteriorated over time at 5-year follow-up to further explore if carriers of an autosomal recessive trait also express a weak phenotype, although this is not expected for an autosomal recessive disorder. Methods: Thirteen ABCA4 carr
This report summarizes 28 case studies addressing the common interest for indicators in case studies in Nordic and Baltic countries and is distributed to different building types – Benchmarking systems and indicators (4 case studies) – Offices (7 case studies) – Housing (8 case studies) – School and nursery (5 case studies) – Shopping centres (3 case studies) – Hospital (1 case studies) There are
How fish eyes may save yours?According to the World Health Organization, cataract was responsible for over half of the blindness world-wide in 2010. Getting a cataract means that the lens inside your eye gets clouded, preventing clear, sharp vision. Cataract can be caused by age, physical trauma, genetics, or even skin disease. It can virtually happen to everyone. It is possible to fix cataract byI have investigated some of the biological regulatory mechanisms governing the development of crystalline lenses. I used fish as model animals because they possess optically interesting lenses, while the geometrical simplicity of fish lenses allows for studies that are difficult or impossible with the lenses of other animals.First we have investigated lens optical plasticity by measuring longitudi
Background: Transient ischemic attacks (TIA) indicate an increased risk of stroke, one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. In order to prevent stroke, our knowledge of diagnosis, demographics, risk factors, investigations, and treatment of patients with TIA needs to be improved.Aims: The aims of this thesis were to validate data and diagnoses in the Riksstroke TIA module (Riks
Why should we teach tourism at universities?This presentation targets the question of why tourism should be part of university education. Presently, this is questioned by colleagues in traditional academic disciplines as well as by parts of the tourism industry, which are somewhat reluctant to employ people with a university degree. It is thus time for this matter to be raised. If we are to answer
Background: Although routine administration of pharmacologic sedation or analgesia during mechanical ventilation in preterm neonates is not recommended, its use in clinical practice remains common. Alpha-2 agonists, mainly clonidine and dexmedetomidine, are used as adjunctive (or alternative) sedative agents alongside opioids and benzodiazepines. Clonidine has not been systematically assessed for
Background: In the context of the investigation of the quark gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions, hadrons containing heavy (charm or beauty) quarks play a special role for the characterization of the hot and dense medium created in the interaction. The measurement of the production of charm and beauty hadrons in proton-proton collisions, besides providing the necessary reference for the
BACKGROUND: Osteopenia, osteoporosis, and low bone mineral density are frequent in patients with HIV. We assessed the 96 week loss of bone mineral density associated with a nucleoside or nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI)-sparing regimen.METHODS: Antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV were enrolled in 78 clinical sites in 15 European countries into a randomised (1:1), open-label, non
Background: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is used to diagnose type 2 diabetes (T2D) and assess glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 18 HbA1c-associated genetic variants. These variants proved to be classifiable by their likely biological action as erythrocytic (also associated with erythrocyte traits) or glycemic (associated with
