Sökresultat

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sammanfattning Den här avhandlingen handlar om gränsskiktet mellan nanoteknologi och cellbiologi, om hur celler och nanostrukturer påverkar varandra, och om hur man kan använda nanopinnar för att studera celler. Å ena sidan vill man kunna mäta egenskaper hos cellerna, det vill säga låta cellerna påverka pinnarna, å andra sidan vill man kunna styra cellerna – låta pinnarThis study explores the interaction between living biological cells and semiconductor nanowires. Biological cells are highly complex and dynamic entities, every one of them with individual characteristics and a high degree of internal and external communication. They respond to and affect their external environment with a huge web of fine-tuned control systems. Traditional biochemical tools for

This dissertation investigates the labour migration from Southern Europe to Sweden, and the changes in Swedish immigration policy between 1960 and 1972. The overall ambition is to bring both the state and employers into the analysis of immigration policy and the recruitment of foreign labour - not separately but together in one study. The dissertation is divided into two main parts. The first part

EU anses av många ha en av världens strängaste regleringar för dataskydd. Unionen och dess medlemsstater har dock, likt resten av världen, i och med den globala och tekniska utvecklingen ett intresse av att kunna överföra personuppgifter till tredjeländer. I syfte att balansera det höga integritetsskyddet mot intresset av att överföra personuppgifter till tredjeland, finns i dataskyddsförordningenThe EU is by many considered to have one of the world's strictest regulations for data protection. However, the Union and its Member States, like the rest of the world, have an interest in being able to transfer personal data to third countries due to global and technological developments. In order to balance the high level of privacy protection against the interest in transferring personal da

Föroreningar av mark- och vattenområden, så kallade föroreningsskador, medför i regel höga kostnader att avhjälpa. För att undvika att kostnaden belastar statsbudgeten har ett avhjälpandeansvar införts i 10 kap. miljöbalken, enligt vilket i första hand verksamhetsutövare har ett ansvar för utredning, efterbehandling och andra åtgärder som krävs för att avhjälpa en föroreningsskada. VerksamhetsutövAfter-treatment of polluted land or water areas usually entails high costs. To avoid that the cost burdens the state budget, an after-treatment liability was introduced in chapter 10 of the Environmental Code, according to which operators primarily shall be liable for the cost of investigation, after-treatment and other measures required to remedy the pollution damage. As a general rule, the conce

Bumblebees and other pollinators have recently experienced population and diversity declines linked to habitat loss and fragmentation due to land use change. A previous study in Sweden showed a big shift in bumblebee community composition, where the Bombus terrestris complex (B. terrestris, Bombus lucorum) highly increased in relative abundance, but the relative contribution of the two different s

Abstract Agricultural intensification is causing a worldwide loss in biodiversity, and organic farming has been proposed as a valid method for preserving it. Studies have shown that organic farming increases species abundances, however the taxonomic breadth of communities may be an additional important biodiversity measure which is not affected by study intensity or sample size. The aim of this s

Extraterritoriell tillämpning av traktater gällande mänskliga rättigheter väcker många frågor och är idag högaktuell inom både internationella domstolar och arbetsområdet för mänskliga rättigheter i stort. Min uppsats fokuserar på den extraterritoriella tillämpningen av Europakonventionen. Den övergripande frågan som besvaras är under vilka omständigheter Europakonventionens medlemsstater måste föThe issue of extraterritorial application of human right treaties raises many questions and is today very much alive before international Courts and human right mechanisms. This thesis focuses on the extraterritorial application of the European Convention on Human Rights. The main question answered is under which circumstances the State Parties to the European Convention of Human Rights are bound

Bilden av Sverige som ett land utan grov organiserad brottslighet har successivt kommit att förändras. Grov organiserad brottslighet är inte längre något som svenskarna enbart associerar med södra Italien och Francis Ford Coppolas kultförklarade film Gudfadern. Som en del av denna utveckling inleddes under 2007 regeringens mobilisering mot grov organiserad brottslighet, vilken i huvudsak har kommiThe self-image of Sweden as a country without organized crime has gradually been changing. Organized crime is no longer something that the Swedes associate with southern Italy or Francis Ford Coppola’s cult film The Godfather. In 2007, the Swedish government initiated a mobilization against organized crime, which in essence came to mean two things. Firstly, the government founded an extensive coop

Till följd av finanskrisen förlorade konsumenter genom placeringar i riskfyllda finansiella instrument stora delar av sina investeringar. Under åren 2008 och 2009 inkom fler klagomål till Finansinspektionen och Konsumentverket jämfört med tidigare år om att många konsumenter via rådgivning rekommenderats produkter som inte motsvarat den risk de varit beredda att ta eller att information om risken The aftermath of the financial crisis meant that many consumers lost parts of their investments because they had invested their savings in risky financial instruments. Between the years of 2008 and 2009, the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority, Finansinspektionen, and the Swedish Consumer Agency, Konsumentverket, received more complaints, compared to previous years, regarding financial advisor

This report summarizes the classification systems for surface lining materials in Europe and Japan. There is also a part including a discussion on differences, similarities and possible ways to link the two different systems together. In June 1994, an important agreement was made between the member countries in the European Community. The agreement stated that all member countries should have the

SKV har sedan en lång tid tillbaka varit av uppfattningen att ägare till fåmansföretag ska förmånsbeskattas för dispositionsrätten till rörelsefrämmande egendom oavsett faktiskt nyttjande. När det gäller rörelsetillgångar i fåmansföretag anser SKV att sådan egendom som huvudregel endast ska förmånsbeskattas i de fall där faktiskt nyttjande ägt rum. I de fall där rörelsetillgångar på olika sätt kanSKV has a long held the view that owners of closely held companies should be taxed for the benefit outline the rights of the non-operating property, regardless of actual use. As regards the operating assets of closely held companies believe SKV to such property as a general rule should only benefit is taxed in cases where actual use took place. In cases where the operating assets in different ways

The ongoing Europeanisation is readily identifiable in our day-to-day life. Particularly in the field of law, the elaboration of a uniform and harmonised European private law is promoted and a truly European legal science is forced. Yet, comparative law and unification of law have concentrated on certain areas, which include mainly commercial law and related areas of civil law. The main issue of t

In August 2008, Georgia was engaged in an internal armed-conflict with its breakaway region of South Ossetia, which shortly after, grew into a large-scale war with Russian Federation. In the course of the war, hundreds of civilians became victims of the international crimes committed by belligerent sides. Hence, the central issue of my research is a post-conflict justice. In particular, if there e

Since the accomplishment of the first conventional securitisation transaction in the beginning of the 1980's, both conventional- and synthetic securitisation have played an important role in corporate finance and risk management. Banks and corporations have used these advanced financial instruments to, for example, obtain new funding for big investments, improve balance sheet characteristics a

Det finansiella systemet spelar en central roll i ekonomin. Särskilt banker innehar en viktig roll i allokeringen av finansiella resurser och intar en central position i betalningsmekanismen för hushåll, företag och myndigheter. Störningar i enskilda finansiella institut kan snabbt spridas till övriga institut och till det finansiella systemet som helhet. En krissituation kan snabbt radera förtroeThe financial system plays a central role in the economy. In particular banks play a key role in the allocation of financial resources and occupies a central position in the payment mechanism for households, businesses and governments. Disruptions in individual financial institutions can quickly spread to other institutions and to the financial system as a whole. A crisis can further quickly erase

Hur psykiskt störda lagöverträdare ska behandlas inom rättssystemet är en fråga som ständigt diskuteras. Denna grupp har sedan lång tid tillbaka särbehandlats inom straffrätten. Problematiken kring dessa lagöverträdare är väldigt komplex och några enkla lösningar går troligen inte att finna. Området präglas av motstående intressen, där humanitet och samhällsskydd är två av de mest centrala. UnderHow mentally disordered offenders should be treated in the justice system is an issue constantly under discussion. This group has for a long time been treated differently in criminal law. The questions of these offenders are very complex and no easy solutions are likely to find. This area is characterized by conflicting interests, where humanity and public protection are two of the most central.

Problem background: The past few years, banks have gone from only being lenders and borrowers of money to also cover a broad portfolio of offers to customers. Banks today supply their customers with several investment alternatives for the savings capital. It is a fierce competition at the financial market and the employees must continuously keep up to date with all the new information and knowledg