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Coaxial heat exchanger is widely used in air conditioning, refrigeration etc., due to its highly efficient heat transfer performance. Spiral corrugated tube plays an important role in coaxial heat exchanger. In this paper, the numerical model of a six starts spiral corrugated tube and a smooth tube with the same size are developed. The temperature field and the velocity field of their streamline a
Introduction: HER2 gene amplification and protein overexpression (HER2+) define a clinically challenging subgroup of breast cancer with variable prognosis and response to therapy. Although gene expression profiling has identified an ERBB2 molecular subtype of breast cancer, it is clear that HER2+ tumors reside in all molecular subtypes and represent a genomically and biologically heterogeneous gro
Popular Abstract in Swedish Att mäta och beskriva självantändning vid förblandad kompressionsantändning (HCCI) HCCI-förbränning går ut på att luft och bränsle blandas, och komprimeras i en kolvmotor tills blandningen självantänder. På grund av den snabba förbränningen med det här konceptet förloras mindre värmeenergi, och verkningsgraden blir därför högre än för vanliga bensin- och dieselmotorer. HCCI is an advanced combustion concept, using premixed fuel and air with a diluted charge. This is thermodynamically favorable, leading to high efficiency and therefore lower CO2 emissions. The well-premixed and diluted fuel charge gives lower cylinder temperatures than conventional diesel compression ignition and spark ignited gasoline combustion, resulting in low engine out emissions of both nit
It is important to understand the relative contribution of primary and secondary particles to regional and global aerosol so that models can attribute aerosol radiative forcing to different sources. In large-scale models, there is considerable uncertainty associated with treatments of particle formation (nucleation) in the boundary layer (BL) and in the size distribution of emitted primary particl
Gold is known in the financial world to be an important asset in unstable periods, especially as a hedge against inflation. If the gold price can be forecasted, it will be possible to strategically invest in gold rather than acquire it as a last-minute hedge against economic downturns. Although there are many studies on forecasting, few focus directly on gold returns. This study investigates the
Gold is known in the financial world to be an important asset in unstable periods, especially as a hedge against inflation. If the gold price can be forecasted, it will be possible to strategically invest in gold rather than acquire it as a last-minute hedge against economic downturns. Although there are many studies on forecasting, few focus directly on gold returns. This study investigates the
