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Epigenome-wide studies of pancreatic islets provide valuable insights into type 2 diabetes (T2D) but lack methylomes from individual cell types. Here we show changes to alpha and beta cell-specific methylomes and transcriptomes from people with or without T2D, using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA sequencing. We discover 22,544 differentially methylated regions annotated to 7,975 genes i

Background: Dementia is a growing public health concern, and although diet is a modifiable potential risk factor, the role of free sugar intake remains unclear. Excess sugar has been linked to metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunction, both associated with cognitive decline, but evidence regarding specific sugar sources is limited. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the associations betwee

This pioneering volume explores complex local, global and digital contexts from the perspectives of Digital Theology.The use of and access to digital technology is highly contextual. It differs between regions, generations, classes, religious denominations, and gender. Which problems theologians claim to be important and which developments they ignore is contingent on their cultural, social, econo

Aluminum (Al), as a carbon-free energy source and energy carrier, features favorable characteristics regarding its production, transportation, utilization, and recyclability. However, the understanding of Al gas-phase combustion kinetics is still limited. The novelty of this work lies in presenting the first detailed and comprehensive analysis of the Al gas-phase mechanism in the air and steam env

Spark discharge generators (SDGs) are versatile tools for producing nanoparticles (NPs) with tailored properties. This study combines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Particle Tracing (PT) simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics® with experimental data to investigate the effect of various chamber configurations, including inlet/outlet positioning and chamber volume on the NP output. Five geometri

BACKGROUND: It remains unclear why cool temperatures cause more persistent adverse health effects compared to hot weather. Fluid homeostasis may constitute a causal link between past temperatures and adverse health effects. In this study we investigated the association between past outdoor temperatures and current fluid homeostasis.METHODS: We studied participants from five cohorts during three de

Gate-tunable Josephson junctions with molybdenum superconducting contacts are reported. The Josephson field-effect transistors are based on an (In,Ga)As quantum well heterostructure with Mo contacts deposited on a layer of heavily doped (In,Ga)As by HCl cleaning and sputtering. We reproduced the measured data using a quasiballistic model that captures the gate dependence of the critical current an

We demonstrate the first fully vertical single-fin AlGaN FinFETs (Al = 2.5%) on ammonothermal n+-GaN substrates, featuring a gate length of Lg = 200 nm and excellent gate control. This work presents a systematic study of the impact of fin orientation along the a- and m-crystallographic planes on the electrical performance of AlGaN vertical FinFETs. We report that threshold voltage is maximized at

Objective: Meniscal calcifications are associated with meniscal degeneration and osteoarthritis (OA). We investigated micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging for identification of calcification patterns caused by basic calcium phosphate (BCP) and calcium pyrophosphate (CPP). Design: Posterior horns of human medial and lateral menisci from 19 individuals with medial compartment knee OA and 21 decea

The national plebiscite in Colombia regarding the peace agreement between the government and FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) was held on October 2nd 2016 and was suprisingly won by the No-side with a minimum of votes resulting in a rejection of the current peace deal. Yet, a majority of the Colombian people did not show up at the polls to vote. Less than 40% of the electorates actual

Lekmannamedverkan i domstol är ett gammalt fenomen i både Sverige och Danmark. En lekman är en person som sitter med och dömer i domstolarna jämte juristdomarna. Inflytandet hos dessa har både ökat och minskat över tid och varierar även beroende på vilken typ av lekmannadomare man talar om. Denna uppsats undersöker lekdomare i ett historiskt och nutida perspektiv och förklarar hur de olika systemeLay judges in courts is an old phenomenon in both Sweden and Denmark. A layman is someone who judges court cases in coalition with ordinary judges. The significance of lay judges has both increased and decreased over time and varies depending on the time period and type of lay judge of relevance in the discussion. This essay examines lay judges in a historical and current perspective and explains

Begreppet ”produkt” definieras i art. 2 i rådets direktiv 85/374/EEG av den 25 juli 1985 om tillnärmning av medlemsstaternas lagar och andra författningar om skadeståndsansvar för produkter med säkerhetsbrister som varje lös sak. Även om det inte uttryckligen framgår av bestämmelsen, har det tolkats som att innebörden av lösa saker begränsas till fysiska föremål. Med nya digitala framsteg och i daAccording to Art. 2 of the Directive 85/374/EEC, a “product” includes all movables. Although not explicitly stated, it has been interpreted that intangible products are excluded from the ambit of the Directive. With new progress within the digital field and in today’s information society, software is replacing many of the functionalities of more traditional products. There has been more than thirt

Actio popularis is the right to make a judicial claim on behalf of others in protection of a public legal interest. Although actio popularis is criticised and not acknowledged in international law, other forms of protection for public legal interest has been acknowledged outside judicial proceedings. This thesis aims to depict how actio popularis could affect a State’s right to initiate a judicial

Background: Dementia is a global public health challenge, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) being the most prevalent subtypes. Air pollution is a potential risk factor for dementia, but few studies separate AD and VaD. Objective: This study aims to investigate whether exposure to air pollution is associated with the incidence of AD and VaD. Methods: This study involved 30,2

Nanowires have an ideal shape for high-resolution imaging, with a small cross-section for high resolution and a long length for strong absorption. However, since the absorption in nanowires is dominated by nanophotonic effects, it is unclear what resolution and efficiency such devices could offer. Here, we investigate the limits of spatial resolution and efficiency of nanowire-based direct detecto

The structure and dynamics of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are malleable to solution conditions. Considerable effort has been devoted to understanding the effects of molecular crowding on these properties. Polymer-based crowders, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Ficoll®, are commonly used to simulate the intracellular environment by replicating the high concentration of macromolec

For well over a century, migration researchers have recognized the lack of adequate distance measures to be a key obstacle for advancing understanding of internal migration. The problem arises from the convention of spatially defining migration as the crossing of administrative borders. Because administrative regions vary in size, shape, and settlement patterns, it is difficult to tell how far mov

Africa has been undergoing significant changes in climate and vegetation in recent decades, and continued changes may be expected over this century. Vegetation cover and composition impose important influences on the regional climate in Africa. Climate-driven changes in vegetation structure and the distribution of forests versus savannah and grassland may feed back to climate via shifts in the sur