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We used in vivo amperometry to monitor changes in synaptic dopamine (DA) release in the striatum induced by overexpression of human wild-type α-synuclein in nigral DA neurons, induced by injection of an adeno-associated virus type 6 (AAV6)-α-synuclein vector unilaterally into the substantia nigra in adult rats. Impairments in DA release evolved in parallel with the development of degenerative chan
OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences in standing balance and gait performance between two populations, correlated with age and physical activities of daily living. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: Malmo, the third largest city in Sweden, and Sjobo, a typical agricultural community 60 km east of Malmo. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 570 men and women from the urban community (urban) and
Pattern recognition is an integral part of the innate immune system. The human contact system has been shown to interact with the surface of many bacterial and fungal pathogens, and once activated leads to the generation of antimicrobial peptides and the proinflammatory mediator bradykinin. Here we show that apart from these surfaces also neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) provide a surface tha
Background-Although the heritability of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFl) has been determined, the familial risk in multiplex families is unclear. The main aim of this nationwide study was to determine the familial risk of AF/AFl in multiplex families. Methods and Results-We examined the familial risk of AF/AFl in the entire Swedish population. We linked Multigeneration Register data on
Infections frequently consist of more than one strain of a given pathogen. Experiments have shown that co-infecting strains often compete, so that the infection intensity of each strain in mixed infections is lower than in single strain infections. Such within-host competition can have important epidemiological and evolutionary consequences. However, the extent of competition has rarely been inves
This work shows a unique possibility of visualizing the exponential intensity decay due to light extinction, when laser radiation propagates through a homogeneous scattering medium. This observation implies that the extracted intensity mostly originates from single scattering events. The filtering of this single light scattering intensity is performed by means of a single-phase structured illumina
In this paper we examine the ambiguities between extrinsic and intrinsic parameters in the uncalibrated structure and motion problem. The Jacobian J of the reprojection error is considered, treating each camera separately. Ambiguities correspond to linear dependencies in the column space of J and we thus detect and quantify these by using the condition number of selected combinations of columns of
In this study we aimed at defining genes that are controlled by Early B-cell Factor (EBF), that could explain the severe block in B-cell development observed in EBF-/- mice. The fact that EBF appears to be important for the transcriptional control of genes encoding proteins in the pre-B and B-cell receptor complex implied to us that EBF could be a common regulator of other components in the pre-B
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ärfltiga faktorer orsakar ledgångsreumatism Reumatoid artrit (RA) även kallat ledgångsreumatism är en ledsjukdom som drabbar 1% av befolkningen, framförallt kvinnor. Orsaken till sjukdommen är inte känd, men man tror att det finns en ärftlig faktor som avgör om en viss individ kan utveckla reumatoid artrit eller inte. Den genetiskassociationen man idag vet om är till mThe immune pathology and MHC association of chronic arthritis was studied in three rat models for reumatoid arthritis (RA). Susceptible rat strains develop a T cell dependent chronic disease after immunization with rat collagen type II (CII). The LEW rat does not develop arthritis after immunization with rat CII, but a heterologous immune response to pepsin can break the tolerance to CII and rende
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling är uppbyggd kring fyra artiklar som berör reglering av gener i B-celler. B-cellerna är en viktig del av vårt immunförsvar, de sköter produktionen av antikroppar som hjälper till att skydda våra slemhinnor och vårt inre från sjukdomsframkallande bakterier och virus. Kroppens försvar mot sådana patogener består av flera delar, inklusive vår hud och våra sEach Ig V-region has its own upstream promoter and the promoter of a mature Ig gene is thereby selected during the V(D)J recombination process. Upon comparison, it is evident that only one transcription factor binding site, the octamer, is preserved within all promoters. The octamer motif and the binding Oct-proteins are crucial for Ig promoter function, but not sufficient for a high level of tran
Moisture is decisive for a large number of reaction, binding and transport processes in concrete affecting the durability, shrinkage and performance in various environments. Consequently, the role of moisture must be assessed and quantified in a diagnosis of concrete degradation by moisture measurements and a survey of environmental actions. The paper gives an over-view of the role of moisture in
We performed high-resolution simulations of two stellar collisions relevant for stars in globular clusters. We considered one head-on collision and one off-axis collision between two 0.6-Msolar main-sequence stars. We show that a resolution of about 100000 particles is sufficient for most studies of the structure and evolution of blue stragglers. We demonstrate conclusively that collision products
In the module allocation problem a collection of software modules are to be assigned to physical processing nodes, subject to execution and communication cost. The cost of an allocation is a function of the execution costs and the communication costs for any pair of modules allocated to distinct processors. The module allocation problem has been well studied and is known to be NP-complete except f
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience high levels of anxiety symptomatology with an estimated prevalence rate of anxiety disorders as high as 40 %. It is likely that anxiety is prominent in individuals with ASD throughout the life-span and that factors such as age, IQ, and ASD symptoms may influence the rates, symptoms, or anxiety subtypes. The high comorbidity rate of anxiety
