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BACKGROUND: Severe alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (PiZZ) is associated with an increased risk of lung emphysema, especially in smokers. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors other than smoking for declining lung function. METHODS: Lung function was studied in 225 self-reported never-smoking PiZZ individuals included in the Swedish AAT deficiency register. RESULTS: Lung function
The aims of this study were to investigate if low-frequency fatigue (LFF) dependent on the duration of repeated muscle contractions and to compare LFF in voluntary and electrically induced exercise. Male subjects performed three 9-min periods of repeated isometric knee extensions at 40% maximal voluntary contraction with contraction plus relaxation periods of 30 plus 60 s, 15 plus 30 s and 5 plus
The oxides that form during thermal oxidation of natural FeS2 (pyrite and marcasite) consist of nanometer-sized crystals of alpha-Fe2O3 and gamma-Fe2O3. This is shown with heating experiments that were made up to 650 degrees C, which resembles temperatures used in metallurgical processes. It is shown that magnetic measurements can play a key role in the investigation of this reaction, due to the u
We describe a general-purpose dryer designed for continuous sampling of atmospheric aerosol, where a specified relative humidity (RH) of the sample flow (lower than the atmospheric humidity) is required. It is often prescribed to measure the properties of dried aerosol, for instance for monitoring networks. The specific purpose of our dryer is to dry cloud droplets (maximum diameter approximately
Blood plasma is the most complex human-derived proteome, containing other tissue proteomes as subsets. This proteome has only been partially characterized due to the extremely wide dynamic range of the plasma proteins of more than ten orders of magnitude. Thus, the reduction in sample complexity prior to mass spectrometric analysis is particularly important and alternative separation methodologies
Purpose: To examine the association between telomere length and neurodevelopment in children. Methods: We examined the relationship between relative telomere length (rTL) and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 9 and 30 months, and 5 years of age in children enrolled in the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 1 (NC1). Relative telomere length was measured in cord blood and in child bloo
PURPOSE: About 60% of ovarian cancers are diagnosed at late stage, when 5-year survival is less than 30% in contrast to 90% for local disease. This has prompted search for early detection biomarkers. For initial testing, specimens taken months or years before ovarian cancer diagnosis are the best source of information to evaluate early detection biomarkers. Here we evaluate the most promising ovar
Excitation of the chassis enables single-antenna terminals to achieve good bandwidth and radiation performance, due to the entire chassis being utilized as the main radiator. In contrast, the same chassis excitation phenomenon complicates the design of multiple antennas for MIMO applications, since the same characteristic mode of the chassis may be effectively excited by more than one antenna, lea
Sexuella övergrepp tillhör ett av de mest kränkande och traumatiserande brott som en människa kan utsättas för. Trots detta förekommer det på flera håll än idag motstånd att klassificera bekantskapsvåldtäkter eller våldtäkter inom relationer som ”riktiga våldtäkter”, medan våldtäkter av obekanta gärningsmän eller med förekomst av våld inte sällan förstås som en ”riktig våldtäkt” och mest allvarligSexual offences are one of the most offensive and traumatic crimes a person can be subjected to. Despite this, there is still resistance in several places to consider acquaintance rapes or rapes in relationships as ”real rapes”, while rapes by unknown perpetrators or with violence often are understood as the ”real rape” and the most serious ones. Those perceptions might thus lead to a situation wh
A method for reaching longitudinal dispersion coefficient accounting sinuosity effects is suggested. The proposed method was verified using 43 sets of measured field data from previous study were collected from 30 streams and these data were chosen depends on characteristics availability (flow parameters, fluid properties and Sinuosity). Statistical programs namely MINITAB and SPSS were used to de
Disturbance of ecosystems is a major factor in regional carbon budgets, and it is believed to be partly responsible for the large inter-annual variability of the terrestrial part of the carbon balance. Forest fires have so far been considered as the most important disturbance but also other forms of disturbance such as insect outbreaks or wind-throw might contribute significantly to the largely un
Background/Objective The Organic Brain Syndrome (OBS) Scale was developed to determine elderly patients' disturbances of awareness and orientation as to time, place and own identity, and assessment of various emotional and behavioural symptoms appearing in delirium, dementia and other organic mental diseases. The aim of the study was to examine the OBS Scale, using the eight criteria and guideline
This paper summarizes the results of studies of the Late Weichselian periglacial environments carried out in key areas of northern Eurasia by several QUEEN teams (European Science Foundation (ESF) programme: "Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North"). The palaeoglaciological boundary conditions are defined by geological data on timing and extent of the last glaciation obtained in the course o
Research on HIV vaccines, as well as studies on HIV pathogenesis in human and SIV in the macaque model, require the availability of simple and standardized assays for quantification of neutralizing antibodies to primary virus isolates. We have recently developed and standardized assays using human cell lines engineered to express CD4 and co-receptors for HIV and SIV entry. One cell line originated
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling fokuserar på frågan om försoning och (sökandet efter) värdegemenskap. Värden sätts in i ett större sammanhang, i ett så kallat "moraliskt landskap". Avhandlingen beskriver först olika hinder för försoning och dialog i Nordirland och Sydafrika i form av följande komponenter av det moraliska landskapet: -Erfarenheter (av trauma, segregation, ojämlikhet) -In Northern Ireland and South Africa obstacles to reconciliation were found in these elements of a “moral landscape”: – Experiences of trauma, separation and inequalities, – Divergent views of the conflict and of “the other”, – Opposing identifications and loyalties, – Norms for interaction, – Contestant interpretations of values such as “peace” and “justice”. This study describes how these obstac
OBJECTIVE: Early enteral nutrition with fiber-containing solutions plus Lactobacillus may reduce bacterial translocation and minimize the incidence of infections after surgery. METHODS: In a prospective, randomized trial in three groups (n = 30/group) of patients after major abdominal surgery, we compared our previous regimen with parenteral nutrition or fiber-free enteral nutrition (group A) with
BACKGROUND: Despite venous thromboembolism (VTE) being a major cause of morbidity and mortality, there is still limited information on its prevalence and incidence in the general population. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate risk factors, distribution and epidemiology of VTE in the Malmö area with 280 000 inhabitants. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with VTE at Malmö University Hospital in 1998-2006 were invited
Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), which has been reported to be present in 10-30% of patients with cirrhotic ascites, may easily be overlooked. An important aim of our study was to determine whether there are any clinical signs which, in clinical practice, may predict or exclude SBP. Methods: We studied 133 patients with cirrhotic ascites from medical units at nine Swedish unive
Background: Repeat prescribing used in long-term pharmacotherapy is often associated with inadequate patient medication, including non-adherence. In this paper we explore patients' drug refill adherence with repeat prescriptions and relate refill data to patient age and gender, type of prescriber, type of prescribed drug, and reimbursement level. Methods: During one week of 2002, copies of 3636 re
Bioethanol has received increasing attention as an alternative to petrol due to the current dependency on supplies from other countries and due to the increased concentration of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In this thesis, the development of 2nd generation production processes for bioethanol production from the lignocellulosic part of biomass is discussed. The conversion of
